upon British Ethnology. 
213 
Allonby; Altliorpe, Rampsliolme, Crosthwaite, and others. 
And in the North of England and the Scottish Lowlands 
many Danish expressions form part of the language of the 
peasantry. When Burns, for instance, says, “ it gars me greet," 
or when Edie Ochiltree remarks, with reference to the sup¬ 
posed Roman Camp, that he “ minds the bugging o't ,” the 
influence of the Danes becomes strikingly manifest. With 
regard to institutions, Worsaae in his well-known book on 
the Danes in England, 25 states that “it must now be re¬ 
garded as a point quite decided that the earliest positive 
traces of a jury in England appear in the Danelag, among 
the Danes established there.” He notices a curious point 
which illustrates the uncertainty of the evidence of language 
and place-names as marks of the relative intensity of the 
settlements of a race in different localities. In the Scottish 
Lowlands the popular talk is much fuller of Scandinavian 
terms than that of the middle and northern districts of 
England. Yet the Scandinavian place-names of the Lowlands 
are very few in number, and, putting other evidence aside, 
would suggest but a very slight Scandinavian admixture. 
The probable explanation of apparent anomalies of this kind 
is that in the counties abounding in Scandinavian place- 
names the settlement was made comparatively early and 
bore more or less of the character of a conquest. In such 
circumstances the social and political importance of the in¬ 
vaders might probably result in their establishment of a 
larger number of place-names than their mere numbers 
would lead us to expect. On the other hand, a gradual and 
peaceful immigration into a settled country—as that from 
England into Scotland after the Norman Conquest—might 
have but little effect on the already settled place-names, 
though so important from its numbers as to seriously modify 
the talk of the peasantry. 
Worsaae saw but few persons of Scandinavian appearance 
in the south of England, and in the “ confusion of people in 
London.” In the midland, and especially in the northern 
as «An account of the Danes and Norwegians in England, Scotland, 
and Ireland,’ by J. J. A. Worsaae, Lond. 1852. 
Q 
