66 
SATYRIDAE 
points and is also sprinkled with tiny spine-like hairs of a 
pale brown colour. These and the points give the surface 
a very fine granular texture. 
The larva is nocturnal in its habits. At sunset it crawls 
up the grass stem and 
feeds during the night, 
and at dawn retreats to 
its resting place at the 
base of the stems, where 
it remains hidden during 
daylight. 
When ready for pu¬ 
pation, in June, the 
larva burrows just be¬ 
low the surface of the 
ground to about 12 mm. 
deep, and there forms a 
cell and spins a little silk on the walls, binding the grains 
of earth together, forming a fairly smooth surface to the 
interior, and therein pupates without any attachment. 
Pupa. The pupa averages 16 mm. long. The head is 
rounded ; the thorax is full and rounded ; sunken at the 
meta-thorax and first abdominal segment; the abdomen is 
swollen in the middle, and curves to the anal segment, which 
terminates in a laterally-ridged cremaster devoid of hooks. 
The ventral surface is slightly curved from the head to the 
apex of the wing, the abdomen more so. The thoracic spiracle 
has a peculiar projecting ear-like ridge, black and rough in 
texture. The pupa is a 
rich burnt-sienna colour 
or bright rust-red, blend¬ 
ing into amber over the 
wings and limbs. It is 
entirely without any 
markings. The pupal 
state occupies about four 
weeks. 
Imago. The average 
expanse of wings in the 
male is 56 mm., in the 
The Grayling (ab. A.B. Farn . coll). 
The Grayling 
(Male ab. captured at Dover, 188S). 
