96 
NYMPHALIDAE 
Pupa. The average measurement of the pupa is 14 mm. 
long. The head is slightly beaked in front; the thorax is 
keeled and angular, deeply sunken at the waist; the abdomen 
is swollen near the base, then runs fairly straight and curves 
abruptly to the extremity, contracting the ventral surface ; 
the wings are much swollen near the apex, forming a strong 
curve to the abdomen. Down the back are two rows of short 
conical points. The ground colour is light-ashen-grey and 
pinkish-grey, very finely reticulated with different shades of 
red-brown ; the dorsal points are rust-red. 
The Pearl-bordered Fritillary ( abs . 
1. Kent, 1890 ; 2. West Wickham, 1887 ; 3. Epping Forest, 1889. 
The pupa is suspended by the cremastral hooks to a pad 
of silk spun upon a stem or under side of a leaf. 
Imago. The average expanse of wings in the male is 
44 mm. ; in the female, 47 mm. 
Male. The ground colour of the male is a rich fulvous. 
All the markings and neuration are black ; the base of the 
wings is dusky and powdered with fulvous. 
Under side : the fore wing is a light fulvous, inclining to 
amber colour at the apex, where it is blotched with rust-red. 
