HIGH BROWN FRITILLARY 
III 
colouring is a pale ochreous-brown, densely and minutely 
reticulated all over with dark brown. There are two longi¬ 
tudinal rows of intensely brilliant, metallic, silver-gilt conical 
points, commencing on the pro-thorax and continued along 
the abdomen, representing the sub-dorsal spines of the larva, 
also a much smaller series of points above the spiracles. 1 he 
dark type of pupa has a rather darker ground colour, but 
the reticulations are so dense and dark and the entire colouring 
is so much deeper that it gives the pupa a very dark brown, 
glazed appearance. In certain lights the metallic points reflect 
brilliant green and gold. 
The pupa is attached by the cremastral hooks to a pad of 
silk spun to the under 
surface of a leaf or stem 
of the plant, and the 
surrounding leaves are 
drawn together by a 
loose network of silken 
threads, forming a tent¬ 
like structure. The 
pupal state lasts about 
twenty-five days. 
Imago. Average ex¬ 
panse of wings in the 
male is 60 mm. ; in the 
The High Brown Fritillary 
(ab. captured in Kent, July, 1900). 
female, 67 mm. 
Male. Upper side: the ground colour is a rich fulvous, 
spotted with velvety-black ; the neuration is outlined with 
black in the fore wing and fulvous-brown in the hind wing. 
The central nervures in the fore wing are densely clothed with 
black androconial scales. Under side : the apex of the fore 
wing is ochreous-buff, blotched with rust-red, and more or less 
spotted with silver. In the hind wing the basal half is 
greenish-ochreous, the sub-marginal area being buff and 
beautifully ornamented with silver spots. These consist of 
seven at the base, three of these small, three large and one 
on the costa, forming a streak ; six large spots form a median 
series, and there is a marginal series of seven lunate spots ; 
between the last two series is a row of rust-red blotches with 
silver centres. All the silver markings are outlined with black. 
