146 
NYMPHALIDAE 
colour of pinkish pearl-grey, or a dull nacreous slightly washed 
with gold and copper. A pale longitudinal dorsal line runs 
the entire length and broadens out into a large pale patch 
on the thorax ; along this, line are placed the small black 
points. The sub-dorsal row of points have black bases and 
pearl points, which are developed on the base of the abdomen 
and thorax into large discs of a beautiful nacreous lustre. 
A series of brown blotches border the dorsal band, and a 
blurred band of the same colour runs along the sub-dorsal 
points, also below, bordered by a lateral stripe. The wings 
are purplish-brown variegated with elongated nacreous mark¬ 
ings ; the head is also variegated with pearl-white and black. 
The pupa is suspended by the cremastral hooks to a small but 
dense pad of silk spun on a stem or other support chosen by 
the larva. The pupal stage lasts about fifteen days, according 
to temperature. 
Imago. The average expanse of the wings in the male is 
64 mm. ; in the female, 70 mm. The sexual variation is 
slight, consisting chiefly in the shape of the wings. In the 
male the apex of the fore wing is more pointed and the outer 
margin of the hind wing is straighter. The female is larger ; 
otherwise the sexes are similar in colouring. 
Upper Side. The ground colour varies from light orange- 
tawny to rosy-fulvous, some specimens being of a rich rose- 
pink. Excepting the white apical spots, all the markings are 
brownish-black; these form an irregular median oblique 
band ; the basal portion and inner margin arc golden-bronze. 
The black apical area encloses five white spots ; the first 
inner spot forms a large oblong blotch, divided by two black 
nervures. The hind wing has the base golden-bronze and 
clouded with dusky markings across the middle and two rows 
of black spots parallel to the outer margin ; the last two at 
the anal angle have blue centres ; there is also a row of 
wedge-shaped markings at the end of the nervures. The 
fringes are white spotted with black. 
Under Side. The pattern of the fore wing is similar to the 
upper side. The basal area is white and rose-pink ; the apex 
and margin are clouded with olive-ochreous and white, corre¬ 
sponding with the hind wing, which is very beautifully mottled 
and marbled with different shades of ochreous, olive-brown 
