320 
PIERIDAE 
Imago. The average expanse of the wings is 46 mm.; 
large specimens expand 52 mm. The sexual difference is 
very distinct. 
Male. [Upper Side.) The ground colour is white; the 
bases of all wings are dusted with black ; the discoidal spot 
is black ; the apex of the fore wing is black, powdered with 
orange scales, producing a deep olive colour; the outer 
margin and fringe is spotted with the same colour. The 
apical half of the wing is rich orange, frequently enclosing 
the discoidal spot. The hind wing, except for the base, is 
white, checkered with very pale pearl-grey due to the 
markings on the under side showing through. The fringe is 
spotted with black. 
(Under Side.) The under side of the fore wing is u'hite 
over the basal half, which is sometimes tinted with lemon- 
yellow ; the orange patch is narrower and rather paler than 
on the upper side ; the apical blotch and outer margin are 
ochreous-green and white. The hind v'ing is white, delicately 
tessellated w r ith moss-like blotches of an ochreous-green colour, 
which is composed of lemon-yellow' and black scales. 
Female. [Upper Side.) The female is entirely without any 
orange colouring ; the black discoidal spot is usually much 
larger than in the male ; the apex of the fore u r ing is broadly 
blotched with grey or black according to the density of the 
w'hite scales covering the black. In normal specimens the 
hind v r ings are similar to those of the male. In some females, 
especially Irish examples, they are tinged with ochreous 
colour. 
[Under Side.) The under side is similar to that in the 
male, but the female has no orange colouring. 
Life of Imago. The Orange Tip is short-lived, the normal 
time being about eighteen days. 
Aberration. Striking aberrations of this common butterfly 
are very rarely met w r ith. Very occasionally gynandro- 
morphous examples, having dashes of orange colouring on 
one or on both fore wings, occur, but complete gynandrous 
specimens are exceedingly scarce. 
On May 30th, 1933, at Swindon, the Rev. D. Percy Harrison 
captured a perfect gynandrous example with the right side 
male and left side female. This rare insect he kindly sent 
