382 
HESPERIIDAE 
cords. The tongue case is detached and extends to the 
middle of the anal segment. 
Except for the dull grey-green abdomen, the pupa is dull 
leaden-black in colour. The surface is granular and powdered 
over with a leaden-grey bloom. Above the spiracles on the 
middle segments are shining, glazed, oval lenticles, each set 
in a black rim, and with a black spot behind. Except for the 
wings and limbs, the whole surface is covered with ochreous 
spines, which are powdered with white, waxy particles and 
fragments of silk, producing the leaden-grey bloom alluded 
to. The long head spines are attached to the silken cocoon, 
which is an oval structure spun within the grass blades. 
The insect remains twenty days in the pupal state. 
Imago. The sexual difference is distinct. The average 
wing expanse in the male is 33 mm. ; in the female, 35 mm. 
Male. ( Upper Surface.) The ground colour is fulvous- 
brown, inclining to olive-brown. There is a transverse series 
of orange-fulvous spots beyond the middle of the fore wing ; 
the basal half is bright orange-fulvous ; from the centre of 
the fore wing runs a broad, oblique, black androconial stripe. 
The hind wing has a median series of orange spots. The 
outer margins are bordered with black ; the fringes are 
yellow-ochreous. Over the eye is a short tuft of black hairs. 
( Under Side.) The fore wing is golden-fulvous ; the apex 
is greenish ; the basal area purplish-black. The hind wing 
is golden-green, spotted with lemon-yellow ; a wedge-shaped 
fulvous-orange blotch extends over the inner marginal area. 
Female. The female is usually larger than the male, with 
the markings more clearly defined. The fore wing is without 
the sexual stripe of androconial scales. The under side is 
richer in colour. 
Life of Imago. The life of this restless and active little 
butterfly is about twenty days. 
Aberration. Striking aberrations are very rarely met with. 
Occasionally specimens of a straw-yellow colour occur, and some¬ 
times the markings are faintly defined ; in others they are the 
reverse ; this is mainly due to the fact that the depth of the 
ground colour varies from light fulvous-brown to dark olive or 
dusky-brown. The colouring of the under side is subject to 
vary in depth, and in some examples the green colour is absent. 
