March 30, 1907. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
231 
>lden, Drop Plum on the south-east gable 
my house about a month ago. It has 
rt started to grow yet, and I want to know 
I am to prune it this year. It contains 
>out ten branches on each side, and is well 
pened. The whips are about 2 ft. 6 in. 
>ng and about J, in. thick. (W. Williams, 
ottingham.) 
You cannot expect a Plum tree to be 
arting into growth about a month after it 
as been planted, as lifting has_ the effect 
f delaying growth the first year. Last 
ear’s shoots may be pruned back one-third 
f their length aBd the rest nailed in as 
traight as possible, but ascending upon the 
/all as indicated in your sketch. They 
hould never be allowed to grow out hori- 
■ontally from the stem of the tree. Only a 
efficient number of shoots should be laid in 
0 occupy the tree permanently. There 
night to be about 12 in. between every two' 
nain branches and 6 in. to 9 in. between 
any two of the ultimate branches. All 
ither shoots that are given off should be 
oruned back to within ^ in. of the base, 
:o encourage the development of fruiting 
spurs. 
GARDEN ENEMIES. 
1685. Grubs in Soil. 
I am sending you by this same post a 
small box containing four grubs which my 
gardener dug up to-day amongst fruit trees. 
Every spade he turned many were seen. Will 
you be good enough to tell me in your 
valuable paper what grub it is and all you 
can about them ? What is the special harm 
they do, and how to guard against and get 
rid of them ? They are in a bed of Cur¬ 
rants, Gooseberries and young Apple trees, 
and the ground is literally full of them; 
and, of course, the damage must be serious. 
(S. E. Hollister, Birmingham.) 
The grubs you sent were those of a beetle, 
but they do not belong to any common one. 
which is notorious for the damage it does 
to cultivated plants. They are vegetable 
feeders, however, but we think accidentally 
present in such numbers in the garden. They 
would feed cn the roots of a variety of 
plants and other vegetable matter. Your 
best plan would be to get some Vaporite, 
which is a sort of powder, that should be 
scattered over the ground as a top dressing, 
and which is advantageous in driving away 
or destroying wireworm, leather jackets 
and other injurious insects. 
SOILS AND MANURES . 
1686. Use for Sheep Manure. 
I have a quantity of sheep manure, and 
would like to know what crops it is best 
suited for. What is the fertilising property 
in it? (J. W., Wilts.) 
The manurial value of sheep droppings 
lies in the nitrogen which they contain. 
If kept dry from the commencement until 
used the manure will be of more value 
than if it lay about exposed to rain until 
most of the nitrogen is washed out of it. 
It will also be of more value as a fertiliser 
if the sheep had been fed on oil cake as 
well as roots. Youi should! apply it to 
ground in which you are to raise crops of 
Onions, Carrots, Parsnips, Beet. After 
that you can uise it for Potatos, Tomatos, 
or Roses, but particularly those which are 
grown in- pots. In this latter case it is 
usually applied in the form of a liquid 
manure—that is, by steeping the droppings 
m a' barrel of water in the same way as 
is done with cow manure, and then using 
the liquid. 
1687. Manure for Roses. 
Is Tonk’s Rose manure to be bought 
ready mixed, and where? The ingredients 
cannot be bought in small quantities. Can 
you help me? (Horsell, Surrey.) 
We do not suppose for a moment that 
Tonk’s manure is to be bought ready mixed. 
Being a very special mixture, it is chiefly, 
if not wholly, used by Rose growers, and 
particularly by those who grow Roses for 
exhibition. The ingredients, we presume, 
can be bought in fairly small quantities, 
but we do not know how much you would 
consider a small quantity. The usual plan 
is to ask some reliable firm of sundriesmen 
or manure merchants to make up this mix¬ 
ture for you. It contains a number of in¬ 
gredients, and any small quantify would 
give the vendors a deal of trouble to get 
them out and pack them separately for you, 
so that the best plan is to have them mixed 
for you and sent in one package. The mix¬ 
ture should be employed at the rate of £ lb. 
to the square yard. 
1688. Application of Clubicide. 
In your paper I see a clubicide advertised. 
Will that cure clubbing in Cabbage, Brus¬ 
sels Sprouts, etc.? If so, how is it applied? 
(B. B., Lancs.)' 
Clubicide is a liquid to be applied in a 
variety of ways, according to the object in 
view. For garden .ground we presume it 
would be diluted with water and applied 
with a rosed watering pot. In the case of 
ol{l roots of Cabbage, Brussels Sprouts 
and other clubbed greens the roots should 
be carefully dug up after the crop has been 
gathered and then burned, as no fungicide 
would destroy the spores in the centre of 
the large clubbed roots. Then the clubicide 
may be applied to kill the spores that might 
still be in the soil. Youx best plan would 
be to ask the makers for their directions to 
apply it in different cases. It is 
the usual custom to send directions 
with fungicides and preparations for 
destroying insects. Of course, you must 
also remember that to be effective the ap¬ 
plication should be made early, not after 
the plants have attained some size and may 
be flagging in the sun owing to the damaged 
condition of their roots. 
NAMES OF PLANTS. 
(T. W. B.) 1, Cornus Mas; 2, Viburnum 
Tinus; 3, Golden Privet (Ligustrum ovali- 
folium aureum.—(Shamrock) 1, Trifolium 
repens; 2, Trifolium minus (most educated 
Irishmen regard this as the Shamrock).— 
(Hy. Andrews) 1, Scilla praecox; 2, Daphne 
Mezereum; Berberis Aquifolium.—(J. L.) 
1, Acacia armata; 2, Acacia graadis; 3, 
Ruellia Portellae; 4, Abutilon Thompsoni; 
5, Libonia floribunda.—(Westman) 1, Poly- 
stichuim angulare; 2, Polypodium vulgare 
camibricum ;• 3, Blechuum Spicant ; 4, Scolo- 
pendrium vulgare var.—(A. M. D.) 1, Cro¬ 
cus aureus var. ; 2, Crocus vernus var. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
The Misses Kipping, A.R.H.S., Hutton, 
Essex.—List of Border and Rock Plants, 
Hardy Perennials and Alpines. 
Barr and Sons, ii, 12 and 13, King Street, 
Covent Garden, London.—Barr’s Hardy 
Perennials, Alpines, Aquatics, Hardy Ter¬ 
restrial Orchids, Irises, Paeonies, etc. 
- *+4 - 
Margrave and District Gardeners' Asso¬ 
ciation. 
Mr. W. H. Scott, gardener to Capt. 
Coleridge, the Hermitage, Twyford, read 
an interesting paper on “ Plants fox Bog 
and Water Gardens” at a meeting of this 
association on Maxch 6th. He described 
an ideal spot for the making of such an 
attraction to the ordinary pleasure garden, 
and also pointed out how one might be 
arranged and constructed artificially pro¬ 
vided the natural state of the ground was 
suitable. One point which would demand 
attention to make a successful bog and water 
garden was to see that the water was not in 
a stagnant state. Weeds must be kept down 
and plenty of room given to all plants. 
By following the advice of Mr. Soott, dull 
and lifeless places might easily and cheaply 
be transformed into places of beauty and 
enjoyment. 
Reading and District Gardeners’ Mutual 
Improvement Association. 
Two meetings in connection with this 
association were held during February. At 
the first Mr. H. Wynn, The Cardens, East 
Thorpe, gave a practical and well written 
paper on “ Some Useful Winter-Flowering 
Plants.” Of the many useful flowering 
plants for winter, Mr. Wynn elected to 
deal with three only, viz., Gloire de Lor¬ 
raine BegoniaSj Cyclamen and Cinerarias, 
as being the best and most suitable for the 
decoration of drawing rooms, dinner tables, 
conservatories, greenhouses and stove, and 
to give a display of bloom from November 
to May. A good discussion followed. 
On the 25th the members assembled in 
the Abbey H4II to hear Mr. F. B. Parfitt, 
of Elmcott, Caversham, relate “ How I 
Started my Fruit Plantation.” Mr. Par¬ 
fitt has become not only an enthusiastic 
grower of the Apple, but his fruit gained 
highest honours on the exhibition table and 
obtained the highest prices at Covent Gar¬ 
den. Therefore it is needless to say that 
his remarks were listened to with great at¬ 
tention, and the discussion which followed 
proved that the many cultural points 
brought out in the leoture had been care¬ 
fully noted by the members. It is only 
necessary to mention, as showing the 
thorough manner in which the lecturer oar- 
lies out his cultural operations to say that 
during the recent dry summer he used no 
less than 100 loads of manure for mulching 
purposes and 750 tons of water for keeping 
his trees in good growing condition, a 
statement that surprised many of his audi¬ 
ence. 
“ The Scottish Gardener.” 
Scotland’s only gardening newspaper, 
“The Scottish Gardener,” has issued a 
special number for Maxch 16th, this being 
the first special attempted by our contem¬ 
porary. In its pages we note names of 
several men who are well noted in Scot¬ 
tish gardening, including the Sweet Pea 
specialist, Mr. Thomas Duncan; Mr. S. 
Arnott, of hardy plant fame ; Air. Thomas 
Hay, who looks after a splendid garden 
at Queensferry; Air. James Day, a noted 
fruit grower of Wigtownshire ; Air. James 
Brown, of Houston; Air. James Bethel, 
of Broughty Ferry; Air. D. S. Melville, 
of Poltalloch; Air. Al. Cuthbertson, of 
Rothesay; and Air. Hamilton Hale, ol 
Cathcart, and some others. Some very 
interesting articles are given on a variety 
of subjects, including Sweet Peas, Al¬ 
pines, vegetables, fruits under glass, Car¬ 
nations, Roses, and herbaceous plants. 
- 4+4 - 
TRADE NOTICE. 
MASTIC LHOMME-LEFORT. 
Those who do grafting of trees in the spring¬ 
time, and occasionally those who grow Vines, 
require some wax or styptic that will be suit¬ 
able for painting over the wounds or the 
grafts, as the case may be, to exclude air and 
retain m'U'tu' e. MasMcLbomme-Lefortis the name 
given by M. LhornmerLefort, 38. Rue des 
Alouetteis, Paris, and which has been giving 
great satisfaction to those who have been 
using it. Besides those purposes we name, it 
is also of great value for painting the wounds 
of trees or shrubs that may have been lopped, 
topped, or pruned, in order to exclude the rain 
until the wounds heal over hy the natural 
growth of the tree. This mastic will harden 
either in air or water and is not injuriously 
affected by the temperature even of 113 degs. 
Fahr. The mastic is very adhesive once it 
has dried in position, but when fresh it is so 
workable that it can be spread on the wound 
or graft with a knife. No fire heat is neces¬ 
sary to bring this mastic into a workable con¬ 
dition. as it is put on oold and does not in¬ 
jure the plants. 
