65.0 THE 
GARDENING WORLD. 
October 5, 1907. 
fitted with an oblong pipe, which is made 
with a perforated partition on which lime 
can be laid for purifying the burned air. 
Description of Engraving No. 2. 
A, front of the boiler; B, back of 
boiler; C, section through A, G, B, G; 
D, door in front of boiler ; E, flow and 
return outlet and inlet ; F, gas barrel and 
burners; G, holes for inlet of air to 
burners; H, cross tubes in flue of boiler ; 
I, outlet for particles of combustion ; K, 
water space in boiler of circulating pipes; 
L, lid for filling boiler; M, pipe for sup¬ 
plying the boiler with water; N, vent 
pipe; M, stand to the end of circulating 
pipes. 
The whole apparatus as seen at No. 1, 
and already stated- to be 2 'ft. 4 in. long 
and 2 ft. high, would seem to us perfectly 
capable of keeping out the frost from a 
greenhouse of some size, but in the case 
of longer buildings flow and return pipes 
can be ran out from one side of the boiler. 
The boiler itself may be inside the green¬ 
house, and lighted only.from the outside. 
Where gas can readily be laid on, this 
would, no doubt, make a very efficient 
apparatus, as the amount of heat could be 
regulated by the amount of gas burned. 
Heat could be rapidly got up in the pipes, 
and when the. house is at a certain tem¬ 
perature, according to requirements, the 
gas could be partly turned down and left 
in that condition for the day or night, as 
the case may be. 
The amount of heat required for any 
particular greenhouse or conservatory 
would have to be ascertained by the owner 
keeping a watch upon the thermometer 
inside the house until he gets familiar 
with what the boiler is capable of doing 
according to the condition of the weather 
outside. Fuller particulars of this inven¬ 
tion, prices, terms, etc., can be obtained 
by applying to the manufacturers at 7, 
Park Parade, Harlesden, London, N.W. 
-- 
Hop Conference. 
A Hop Conference will be held at the 
South-Eastern . Agricultural College, 
Wye, Kent, on Wednesday, the 27th of 
November. 
Wargrave and District Gardeners. 
The first meeting of the present session 
was held on September 1 ith and was very 
well attended. Mr. Bazeley, of Twyford 
Nurseries, was in the chair in the absence 
of Mr. J. A. Hall, of Shiplake Court 
Gardens, who was too unwell to be pre¬ 
sent. Mr. Wm. Turnham, of Culham 
Court Gardens, read a very practical pa¬ 
per on ‘<The Kitchen Garden,” dealing 
with the vegetables usually found in 
every well-appointed garden, viz., Aspara¬ 
gus, Peas, Potatos, Parsnips, Carrots, 
Beet, Brussels Sprouts, Borecole, Broc¬ 
coli, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Celery, 
Leeks, Onions and Beans. He referred 
to their culture in very general terms, 
leaving any special points to be dealt 
with in the discussion which followed. 
This was well taken up by Messrs. Has¬ 
kett, Bazeley, Fuller, Turnham, Coleby 
and the Rev. J. Webster. A hearty vote 
of thanks to the lecturer was carried 
unanimously and a Cultural Certificate 
was awarded Mr. Turnham for a splen¬ 
did collection of vegetables containing 
12 varieties. 
The Flower Garden. 
During the past few weeks I have con¬ 
stantly found myself giving voice to 
“ Flowers that bloom in the spring, tra la.” 
Were it not for the dark evenings one might 
easily have thought summer was .coming, 
instead of departing. My Pansies and 
Violas were better in September than in 
June. Pyrethrums- were in full bloom. 
Sweet Peas bad a -new lease of life, and 
were ahead of anything I had in July. 
-Stocks and other things were in much the 
same state. And now it is October, with its 
damp and chilly nights. Still, October 
does behave well sometimes, and if it copies- 
the preceding month we shall be thankful. 
Indeed, I would give much to have Septem¬ 
ber back again, and it grieves me to see 
it go.. 
Cuttings of Violas, etc. 
The Violas are sending up youn.g growths 
galore, waiting -to 'be set out on their own. 
Just look over those already inserted and see 
if they are sound. Very often the cuttings 
will look green on top and the stem may he 
quite rotten. Calceolarias are also shouting 
for attention. - This is the best time for 
taking these cuttings-, as they do not at¬ 
tempt to make growth before winter comes 
•on. They simply callus over.* Don’t for¬ 
get a bit of sand in the soil. Continue, to 
take Pentstem-on cuttings also. 
Digging. 
September was a'r-ather dry month with 
us, and the soil at present is not in the best 
condition for digging. Where a lot of 
planting is to be done, however, the work 
must be pushed on. Shrubs require a little 
different treatment to that which some 
give them. The point to bear in mind is, 
Am I a real -gardener or only half a one? 
The real gardener does everything well. 
No scurrying to get things done, for he 
does not believe in piece-work. The ground 
is- well “busted” and manured, and the 
results are first-class. The -half-and-half 
sort of person induces himself to believe that 
soil stirred up six inches- looks just as well 
as when it is dug two feet in depth. That 
is so, and soil stirred up with a hoe looks 
just the same—on the surface. But the 
roots of plants- do not grow on the surface, 
especially those o-f-shrubs. 
Lawns. 
Lawns have had a good time this season, 
for there has been precious little sun to 
scorch them. Indeed, some gardeners have 
had more than a fill of mowing. This work 
is not yet done with, for while the weather 
remains open the grass will continue to 
grow, which means that the machine must 
be kept at work. It is not the noisiest 
machine that -does the most work, however. 
Quite near me is a gardener who possesses 
a small lawn, and a cheap mower to cut it. 
When the machine is going it reminds me 
of a repeat alarum clock or a fire hell out 
for a holiday. By -the sound I imagine the 
mower is pushed one foot and pulled back 
three, for I am sure the ratchet and pawls 
work ,a good deal more than the blades. 
Newly sown grass will hardly need cut¬ 
ting this autumn, but if it does, cut it with 
a pair of shears or a scythe. The mower 
-is apt to pull. 3'oung grass out by the roots. 
The roller will do more good than any¬ 
thing. 
The Leather- Jacket Grub. 
Speaking of grass, I trust those pestered 
with the evil leather jacket grub have been 
looking over their grass plots for the daddy 
long-legs. They are always hovering about 
in the autumn, and prefer to lay their eggs 
in turf or grass. I myself have had a high 
old time pulverising these flies. By means 
of a birch broom one can swipe them as they 
flit about over the grass. 
Early Frosts. 
It is hardly to be expected that severe 
frosts will keep away now for any length 
of time. Much depends upon the situation 
of one’s garden. At one place where I 
was our Dahlias, Begonias and such things 
continued to bloom until November, yet a 
mile or so away everything would be cut 
down by fros't -at the latter end of Septem¬ 
ber. It is most annoying when this hap¬ 
pens, for a spell of fine, mi'ld weather gene¬ 
rally follows a destructive frost. Canadian 
gardeners are usually treated to a few se¬ 
vere frosts in early September, followed by 
a warm spell, which tends to make things 
look desolate. 
Begonias and Dahlias. 
However, if frost does come, lift Bego-nias 
and Dahlias and carry them under cover. 
All tender stuff that is- frost-nipped should 
be cleared away. 
Roses. 
There will ba plenty of Roses if frost 
allows the buds to open. I find -it better to 
cut opening buds and finish them indoors. 
Rose beds should he cleaned up, dead leaves 
and the like being harbourers of disease, 
etc. 
Sweet Peas. 
Where frame room is available a sowing 
of Sweet Peas may be made in pots. The 
plants .must be given all the air possible, 
but protected from severe frosts. Plants 
so treated and planted out early will give 
early flowers of fine quality. On light 
soils .the seed may be sown in the open, but 
never risk choice sorts. 
The Fruit Garden. 
Apples and Pears. 
Apples and Pears of all kinds are fast 
approaching the picking stage, and they 
should be closely watched. The latest sorts 
should be allowed to hang as long as it is 
safe to do so. Ordinary’ frosts will not in¬ 
jure these fruits. 
Gathering Nuts. 
Filbert and Cob Nuts, too, are nearly if 
not quite fit for gathering. They should 
be picked when dry and laid on sacks under 
cover for a few days prior to storing in jars 
or sand. 
Push on with the digging of ground that 
is to be planted, for planting time is ap¬ 
proaching. 
The Kitchen Garden 
Spring Cabbages. 
At this- time of the year one always thinks 
a good deal about spring Cabbages. Some 
never seem able to get a -decent lot, while 
others have no trouble. I have seen some 
miserable stuff palmed off on would-be vege¬ 
table growers. Never trouble to plant what 
