670 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
of November, lifting the roots carefully and 
transplanting them elsewhere at 12 ft. apart 
each way. Thus you would have a planta¬ 
tion twice as large as the original one, and 
at distances which should be permanent for 
this form of Apple tree. While lifting 
them, very long straggling roots could be 
shortened back and taproots, if any, re¬ 
moved. This keeps the roots near the sur¬ 
face. If the soil is at all in good condi¬ 
tion we should not advise the use of manure 
beneath young trees. They usually grow 
sufficiently rankly without it. In fact, it 
often necessitates lifting for the sake of 
root pruning the trees which make too much 
growth owing 10 the richness of the soil. 
When the trees begin bearing it will keep 
them more steady, after which you can 
stimulate them by various manures, used 
as a top dressing to the soil. When young 
trees are planted where old trees have died 
or have been cut down, good gardeners often 
take out a large hole and put in some fresh 
turves, grass side downwards, and tread it 
firmly before planting the trees. This is 
considered better than manure at planting 
time. 
2277. Grapes Going Off Red. 
Will you please let me know the cause of 
the enclosed Grape berries going off like 
this? The Vine is three years old with 
three main stems each 14 ft. long and is 
growing in a span-roofed greenhouse, 15 ft. 
by 12 ft., and has about twenty bunches of 
Grapes.. The last three weeks all side ven¬ 
tilators and top ventilators have been open 
day and night, also the door to ripen the 
canes and Grapes. The roots are in an out¬ 
side border. Do you think the berries have 
been scorched by sun heat or have not had 
enough moisture in the house? (Grape 
Vine, Essex.) 
For some reason or other your Grapes have 
become shanked. Twenty bunches off a Vine 
is very nearly seven to the rod. That, of 
course, is heavy enough, but we fear that 
the roots have got down into uncongenial 
soil, or the border may have been badly 
drained when made, causing the roots to 
damp off during winter. Your district lies 
very low, not much aJbove the level of the 
Thames, and we are afraid that the border 
is soddened. That is a matter that you 
would have to determine by examining the 
border. Another suggestion we should make 
is that although you have been keeping the 
ventilators and the door open to ripen the 
canes and the Grapes, it would have been 
well to have used fire heat until the berries 
were completely coloured. As heat has been 
so deficient this year, this would be doubly 
necessary. When ripening off the wood and 
long after the berries were coloured, we 
have employed fire heat to keep up a genial 
atmosphere, ventilating freely at the same 
time. Whether you have been doing this we 
are unable to say, but should suggest that 
you examine the border without delay. All 
shanked berries should be cut out as they 
are useless and never will ripen. They are 
also very sour, as the stalk connecting them 
with the bunch always dies in the malady 
known as shanking. See also our reply to 
a similar question, No. 2259. 
2278. Pruning a Quince. 
All the books on fruit trees I have seen 
and your own notes have described the treat¬ 
ment of almost every kind of tree, but I 
have never seen notes on pruning a Quince. 
I have a Quince tree with a great many 
leaves and a fair amount of fruit. Will 
you tell me what should be done with it ? 
(Lower Hardres, Kent.) 
It is very seldom that any reference re¬ 
quires to be made with regard to the prun¬ 
ing of Quince trees, because so few of them 
are grown. The Quince tree is chiefly used 
as a stock for dwarfing the Pear (we pre¬ 
sume you mean the common Quince, for 
there are many Quinces). The best plan 
with a Quince is to prune it somewhat as 
you would an Apple tree in order to get a 
sufficient number of branches to form the 
head without crowding, and then let it grow 
freely as you would a standard Apple. Let 
us assume that this is the stage your tree 
has reached. All that you now require is 
merely to take out slender, useless twigs 
that serve to crowd the tree and those that 
cross one another in awkward fashion, and 
if the tree is still too crowded you can then 
remove some of the stronger branches. 
Really all that you want is to thin out the 
shoots so as to expose them properly to light 
and air and thus encourage the proper ripen¬ 
ing of the wood and the setting of the fruit 
buds. The present is a good time to do it 
as the leaves will show where there is any 
crowding. 
2279. Devonshire Apple. 
Miss Dimsdale will be much obliged if 
you will kindly tell her the name of the 
specimen of Apple enclosed. She bought it 
for a Devonshire Apple of some kind, but 
we know it is not an ordinary Quarantine 
Apple; but you will know if there is an¬ 
other variety. It appears a very nice Apple 
and a strong grower. (Leics.) 
The Apple you sent was not Devonshire 
Quarrenden, but Tom Putt, a very hand¬ 
some Apple, striped with crimson on a yel¬ 
low ground. It ripens or is in season dur¬ 
ing November. You should have no diffi¬ 
culty in getting Devonshire Quarrenden 
from any good nurseryman, as it is a com¬ 
mon variety and popular as an early dessert 
variety. 
GARDEN ENEMIES. 
2 280. Caterpillars on Dahlias. 
Will you kindly identify the enclosed 
caterpillars for me? They are the only sort 
I ever have and appear on Chrysanthemums 
and Dahlias. (F. P. Matthewman, Yorks.) 
It is one of the night-flying moths belong¬ 
ing to the Noctuinae, of which there are 
something like three hundred. The cater¬ 
pillars are very closely similar to Hadena 
oleracea, sometimes named the potherb moth. 
All are so closely similar that they require 
to be fed to the resting stage and then 
hatched out in soil. They begin by being 
green and after changing their skins several 
times get much darker and usually of a dull 
brown colour, but the potherb moth has some 
dark and white markings, as well as three 
dark lines along the back, such as those you 
sent. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
2281. Small Holding's for Women. 
Could you tell me the address of a colony 
of small holdings for women grouped round 
a teaching college? I believe it is in some 
midland village. (G. H. G., Middlesex.) 
We are not aware of any school of horti¬ 
culture having a colony of small holdings 
set apart only for women, as such would be 
a very special requirement. Where women 
are instructed in horticulture it is usually 
in a garden set apart for the purpose, such 
as the Swanley Horticultural College, Kent. 
There is one known as the Studley School 
of Horticulture, Warwick, and established 
by Lady Warwick herself. You could ap¬ 
ply to the Warden, Studley College, War¬ 
wickshire. Even if there is no such colony 
of small holdings there, the Warden might 
be able to tell you if there is such a colony 
in the Midlands. 
NAMES OF PLANTS. 
(Country Parson) .Aster d.racunculoides 
(closely allied to A. acris). 
October 12, 1907. 
(Tomato) i 2 not recognised; 2, not recog. 
nised; 3, Asplenium obtusatum lucidum 
(Nos. 1, 2 and 3 should be sent when bearing 
spores, as they are not in character for 
naming); 4, Pteris Wimsettii; 5, Adiantum 
Williamsii; 6, Adiantum hispidulum; 7, 
Adiantum cuneatum Pacottii; 8, Pteris cre- 
tica cristata. 
(H. A.) (Please note that two only of the 
specimens sent are Ferns, namely Nos. 2 
and 6) i, Cassia sp. ; 2, Platycerium alci- 
corne; 3, Asparagus plumosus; 4, Asparagus 
Sprengeri; 5, Asparagus . retrofractus ; 6, 
Davallia hrrta ; 7, Pilea muscosa. 
(T. M. D.) 1, Chrysanthemum uliginosum; 
2, Aster Amellus; 3, Veronica incana; 4, 
Veronica virginica japonica ; 5, Aster Novi- 
Belgii, 
(E. B. Almond) 1, Cupressus nutkatensis, 
2, Cupressus pisifera squarrosa; 3, Thuya 
dolobrata; 4, Thuya plicata; 5, Spiraea 
Douglasii; 6, Crataegus Pyracantha. 
(A. S.) 1, Arabis albida flore pleno; 2, 
Achillea filipendulina; 3, Achillea Ptar- 
mica The Pearl ; 4, hrysanthemum carina- 
tum. 
-- 
Horticultural Societies' 
Diary 
of Forthcoming Events. 
OCTOBER. 
14th.— Horsforth G.M.I.S. (w.m,); Shir¬ 
ley and D.G. and Am. A. (m.m.). 
15th. — R.H.S (Exhibition of Flowers and 
Fruit at Westminster, 1 to 6 p.m. 
Lecture at 3 p.m. by the Rev. Prof. 
G. Flenslow, V.M.H., on “British 
Floral Relationships with Foreign 
Countries”); Croydon and -D. 
H. M.I.S. (bi-m.m. Lecture by Mr. 
H. J. Jones on “Chrysanthe¬ 
mums”) ; Ancient S. of York Flor¬ 
ists (m.m.); Chesterfield and D. 
Chy. S. (m.m.); Saltwood Cott. 
G.S. (m.m.); Ord. and D. Am. and 
Cott. M.I.S. (m.m.). 
16th.—Wargrave and D.G.A. (fortnightly 
m. Mr. T. Tunbridge on 
“Annuals”); Ide Hill G.S. (m.m.). 
17th.—R.H.S. (Annual Exhibition of 
British-Grown Fruits, 2 days); 
Paignton and D.G.A. (m.m.); 
Brighton and Sussex H.S. (m.m.): 
Wimbledon and D.H.S. (m.m.); 
Lamberhurst H.S. (m.m.). 
19th. — Leeds Paxton S. (w.m.). 
Collection A. 
204 First Size Flowering Bulbs 
3/-, Carriage Paid. 
12 Chionoiloxa Lucilias, “Glory of the Snow.” 
50 Crocus mixed. 
50 Giant Snowdrops.. 
6 First Class Hyacinths, mixed colours. 
50 Spanish Iris. 
12 Daffodils mixed. 
12 Bine Squills. 
12 Single Tulips. 
Total, 204 strong flowering bulbs for 3/-. 
Collection B. 
Double the above quantities. 
Total, 408 bulbs, Carriage Paid 5/-. 
Our Second Bulb Catalogue will be ready in a few days and 
will include various Lilies, Alstromerias, Spireas, 
Montbretias, &c., &c. 
BEES Ltd., 14, Wapping Buildings, Liverpool. 
