Proven Berry Plants r i KNOTT’S BERRY PLACE i i Trees and Vines 
pruning is usually necessary until the 
crop is picked, when all the old wood 
that has borne berries is cut from the 
trellis and off at the top of the ground. 
The new wood which has grown during 
the spring is trained parallel with the 
rows under the trellis and is put up on 
the wires when che old wood is cut off. 
In some sections the new canes of the 
Logan and the Mammoth are left on the 
ground until February and put on the 
trellis then to prevent sunburning or 
winter injury. 
Youngberries — Youngberries can be 
pruned as described above for Logan¬ 
berries or they can be pruned as dew¬ 
berries. In Southern California, and 
elsewhere where the growing season is 
long, the best and most economical way 
of handling the Youngberry is as fol¬ 
lows: The first summer leave all the 
vines on the ground and keep the long 
runners pushed back in line with the 
row. Leave these vines on the ground 
until in the spring just when the leaf 
buds are beginning to start opening, and 
then put them up on the trellis, which 
should have been prepared any time 
during the past winter. If they have 
been well cared for the previous sum¬ 
mer the growth will be very heavy at 
this time and the long canes should be 
headed back several feet and the surplus 
smaller canes can be cut out altogether. 
All that should be kept is enough wood 
to cover the trellis nicely. 
Then, when the berries start ripening, 
if the new growth is in the way, go 
through and clip out any that is in the 
way. Immediately after the crop is 
picked take a brush scythe or sharp hoe 
and chop the whole vine off just above 
the ground. Cultivate and water well 
and if the soil needs it, fertilize, and 
you will grow a fine vine for the follow¬ 
ing year, which is handled exactly as 
during the first season. The important 
items to remember in handling Young- 
berries by this plan are to cut the vines 
down immediately after finishing pick¬ 
ing and to use plenty of water through¬ 
out the balance of the summer to grow 
heavy vines for the following season. 
Youngberries handled in this way are 
easier and cheaper to grow than almost 
any other berry and will yield wonder¬ 
ful crops. 
Raspberries. Red raspberries should 
be cut back to within three or four 
inches of the ground when set out. Then 
in the spring when the new canes reach 
a height of about twelve inches, pinch 
or cut them back to about eight inches. 
This will make them branch and send up 
more and better canes. On some varie¬ 
ties (California Surprise for one), this 
is very important; and they should be 
cut early, while still short, not over fif¬ 
teen inches. As these canes grow out 
they should be held upright by a wire 
on each side of the row fastened to 
short cross arms on stakes. 
Then about February the canes should 
be headed back; on an average about 
one-third being cut off; some prune off 
much more. After the crop is picked, 
cut out all the wood that has produced 
berries clear to the ground. 
In the spring, before starting to pick, 
the new canes can be cut back to within 
one foot from the ground. This will 
get them out of the way of the picking 
and make them branch for the following 
crop. Keep the sprouts that come up in 
and between the rows hoed out while 
small. 
Second crop Surprise Raspberries. 
Photographed in October. 
(Description page 8.) 
Black Raspberries need no pruning the 
first summer, but should be held up with 
a low wire trellis. Ordinarily two wires 
one foot apart and two feet high is 
about right. The canes may grow 8 or 
10 feet long the first summer and should 
be headed back, while dormant, on an 
average about one-third their length. 
When the crop is picked the old wood is 
all cut out to the ground and the new 
handled as before, or if you prefer 
bushes, the new canes can be headed 
back a little when they reach three feet 
high. This will make the canes stand 
up in bushes the second season. These 
canes will send out lateral branches 
which should be headed back the follow¬ 
ing winter to about twelve inches from 
the upright canes. 
With Himalaya Blackberries only four 
canes should be allowed to grow from 
the start. They should be trained on 
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