39 
neglect of ablution, or on any favourite cosmetic or unguent, 
or on peculiarities of diet 1 or to be natural and constitu¬ 
tional ? 4. Does it belong equally to both sexes and to all 
complexions (where these latter vary) ? 5. Does it vary at 
different ages ? 
J. B. 
No. XVI.—PHYSICAL POWERS. 
Strength, speed, endurance. 
It is difficult to institute comparative tests of strength 
for Europeans or civilized men and savages or barbarians. 
“ Knack” and custom or constant practice have so great an 
influence, that it is necessary to select as a test some action 
not habitually used by either party. The persons tested 
should be in the prime of life, and otherwise similarly cir¬ 
cumstanced. 
In countries where the women do most or much of the 
hard labour, their strength should be tested as well as that of 
the males : with a view to comparison, all trials should be 
timed, and the weights and distances carefully measured, and 
the previous condition or training of the individuals recorded. 
M. Broca commends the traction-dynamometer of Mathieu. 
The force registered should be that put forffi continuously 
during at least two seconds. The maximum got by a sudden 
jerk may, however, also be noted. 
“ Putting ” or raising a heavy stone is a pretty good test. 
Trials of speed should not be confined to short races. The 
American Indians in general, e.g. 9 are said to have more 
enduring speed than Europeans, though easily beaten by them 
in sudden bursts : with some other savages the case is re¬ 
versed. 
1. What is the weight of the burden which a native will 
carry ? 2. How far will he carry it in one day 1 3. For how 
many days in succession without suffering thereby ? 4. What 
distance can a man walk in one day 1 5. What distance can 
