46 
No. XVIII.—ATTITUDES AND MOVE¬ 
MENTS. 
There is greater variety in the postures habitually assumed 
by different races of men than is generally known ; thus the 
Tibetans are said to sleep, by preference, on an inclined plane 
with the face downwards. Nothing is more characteristic of 
the temperament than the carriage and motions of the body, 
and they should be closely observed. Should there be any 
peculiarity in the walk, it might be desirable to ascertain the 
average time and length of pace ; this might be done by 
measuring off a piece of level ground over which the people 
are in the habit of walking, and counting the paces. It may be 
convenient to bear in mind that the regulation pace of the 
British infantry is 116 per minute, and the length 30 inches, 
making 96 yards 2 feet in a minute, and 3 miles 520 feet in an 
hour : this, however, is quicker and probably shorter than the 
pace of an average Englishman, and is never maintained on 
the line of march : probably the old regulation pace of 108 
per minute is nearer the natural standard. 
1. What is the habitual posture in sleep ? 2. In standing at 
ease ? 3. In micturition? 4. In the accouchement of women ? 
5. In riding? [Swimming? see p. 98.] 6. Is the bod}/ well 
balanced in walking? 7. In riding, walking, or running, do they 
turn the toes in or out ? 8. Is the foot firmly planted in walking ? 
or do they walk on the heels or toes ? {Note. This will in 
some degree depend on the manner in which they are shod.) 
9. What is the average length of pace and cadence of the step 
in men ? 10. In women ? 11. Is the body erect and the leg 
straightened ? or do they stand and move with the knee 
slightly bent ? 12. Is the gait energetic or slouching ? 
13. How do they carry the head ? When the head is in the 
customary position, what would be the line taken by a hori¬ 
zontal plane drawn through the meatus auditorius (opening of 
the ear) ? 14. Ho they swing the arm in walking ? 15. Are 
the attitudes stiff or easy? 16. Hoes the arm hang habitually 
with the palm of the hand to the front, fear, or side ? 17. In 
