133 
54. If so, what determines a man’s happiness or misery ? do- 
nobles fare better than plebeians ? have warriors a glorious 
life ? what becomes of those who die by violence ? 55. Is 
there a moral retribution ? i.e n are good men happy and bad 
men unhappy after death ? 56. If so, what qualities of virtue 
and vice constitute a good or bad man— e.g.^ bravery, hospi¬ 
tality, fidelity, chastity, temperance, kindness, &c., and their 
opposites ? 57. Do the priests claim authority as to the fate 
of men, and require sacrifices, gifts, austerities, &c. to secure 
future welfare ? 58. Is there a tribunal or judge to decide on 
the fate of the soul ? 59. Is there a special place of punish¬ 
ment ? 60. Is this of the nature of a purgatory ? and are 
souls, when purified from sin, transmitted to a happy region ? 
61. Does the expectation of the future life affect men’s 
conduct in the present ? and how ? 62. How far do these 
notions of the future life seem original and genuine ? and 
how far do they look as though adopted from foreign reli¬ 
gions ? 
Manes-worship.- —63. Are the souls of the dead, especially of 
ancestors, looked on as demons or divinities ? 63 a. Are figures 
of ancestors carved and placed in the houses, or at the tombs, 
or carried on the person, for the purpose of worship ? or 
are their skulls preserved for this purpose ? 64. Are they 
worshipped with prayer, sacrifice, &c. ? 65. Is there any 
recognized means of communicating with them ? and is this 
done by any one, or specially by priests, &c. ? 66. Are the 
divine manes of a kindly or unkindly disposition ? do they 
treat all men alike, or favour their kinsfolk and worshippers, 
and do ill to others ? 67. Are they looked on as causing the 
good and ill fortune of the living ? 68. Do they act, fight, 
give counsel, &c., among men, or influence events in some 
spiritual way ? 69. Are they the principal gods of the nation ? 
70. Is the primitive ancestor of the tribe worshipped under 
the form of, or in connection with, some sacred animal or 
other object, as a totem or clan-deity ? 
Obsession and Possession. —71. Are some or all diseases 
regarded as caused by demons? 72. Do they enter into the 
patient or afflict him from without ? 73. Are fever, delirium, 
