400 travels through lower Canada : 
The seigniors, both French and English/ 
live in a plain simple style ; for although the 
seignories in general are extensive, but few of 
them afford a very large income to the pro« 
prietors. 
The revenues of a seigniory arise from cer~ 
tain fines called lods and vents, which are paid 
by the vassals on the alienation of property, as 
when a farm, or any part of it, is divided by a 
vassal, during his lifetime, amongst his sons, 
or when any other than the immediate issue of 
a vassal succeeds to his estate, &c. &c. The 
revenues arise also from certain fines paid on 
the granting of fresh lands to the vassals, and 
from the profits of the mills of the seignior, to 
which the vassals are bound to send all their 
corn to be ground. 
This last obligation is sometimes extremely 
irksome to the vassal, when, for instance, on a 
large seigniory there is not more than one 
mill; for although it should be ten miles distant 
From his habitation, and he could get his corn 
ground on better terms close to his own door, 
yet he cannot send it to any other mill than 
that belonging to the seignior, under a heavy 
penalty. 
The extent of seigniorial rights in Canada, 
particularly in what relates to the levying of 
the lods and vents, seems to be bv no means 
clearly ascertained, s 6 that where the seignior 
