RESTOCKING. 
53 
years old cut over 30 M. feet shook boards per acre, and furnish 
trees 12 to 20 inches in diameter and over 70 feet in height. 
These New England groves, which have largely sprung up on 
old abandoned farmlands and are generally without any particu¬ 
lar management, are reported to furnish in the aggregate from 
30 to 50 million feet per year. 
Red (Norway) pine is even more frugal than white pine and 
there is no sandy area in northern Wisconsin which this tree can 
not cover with an abundant growth of fine timber. The jack 
pine is the most frugal tree of all and though of small stature 
and short-lived in Wisconsin, will prove a valuable aid in con¬ 
nection with the other pines and especially as nurse tree on the 
poorest sands. 
To encourage the hardwoods will not be necessary except in 
some localities. Wherever abundant now they are growing 
well and are likely to be continued in the wood lot of the farmer 
on all clay and loam soils. It may safely be predicted that the 
hardwoods in the better hardwood counties will be abundant for 
many years. The hardwoods do not thrive on; most of the land 
here considered “forest land,” they refuse to grow on the sands, 
yield light and cut wastefully. They furnish a product, which 
however valuable intrinsically, will for a long time have to be 
contented with a limited and exacting market. 
To those who are frightened at the mere idea of planting for¬ 
ests and who scorn European methods as impracticable in this 
country, the example of Saxony may be of interest. In that 
country the most intensive kind of forestry is carried on, so that 
an area of 400,000 acres (about 2-3 as large as Lincoln county) 
brings the state a net income of nearly 2 million dollars, and 
furnishes regularly to its consumers about 20 million cubic feet 
of wood per year, so that pulp mills and saw mills have long be¬ 
come permanent institutions. 
The forests in this state are largely planted with nursery stock, 
yet the sylvicultural work of planting, sowing, etc., all told, 
amounts, on an average for the entire woods, to 10 cents per 
