JACK PINE. 
21 
13 per cent, of the remaining supply is red pine. It is treated 
like white pine in all branches of exploitation hut brings a 
smaller price and is more extensively cut into dimension stuff. 
Its frugality, rapid growth, fine dimensions, and heavy yield 
highly recommend this tree in considerations of reforestation. 
JACK PINE. 
Jack pine, in Wisconsin, generally takes possession of all the 
poorer sands, where hardwoods and even white pine no longer 
thrive. Nevertheless, it is also found on sandy loam areas (Sha¬ 
wano and parts of Marinette counties) where better trees have 
grown, and it appears that its presence in these localities is due 
to large fires which many years ago completely consumed the 
former forest and so reduced the fertility of the soil that none 
but this most frugal of conifers could reclothe the land. Jack 
pine forms characteristic dense thickets and even forests of many 
miles in extent, mixes frequently with red pine, less frequently 
with white pine and still less often with hardwoods except the 
scarlet and other scrub oaks and to a less extent the white birch, 
which are its normal companions. 
In Wisconsin it is always a small tree, generally less than 10 
inches in diameter and below 60 feet in height; frequently 
groves of several hundred acres consist apparently of trees of 
nearly one age and size. The tree reproduces well, grows quite 
rapidly, but only while young, and is generally short lived, 
reaching its best growth before the 80th year. At present it is 
not used to any extent, neither stumpage nor logs having real 
commercial value except in parte of the jack pine and oak open¬ 
ings, where it is used as fuel and for farm purposes. The total 
stand of this pine if taken down to 4 inches diameter is about 
3,500 million feet, of which about 1,700 million might well be 
used for dimension stuff while the rest could be employed as 
pulp wood. Its great frugality, ease of propagation, rapid 
growth, and large yields will recommend the jack pine for the 
purpose of restocking all poorer sands. 
