CONDITIONS IN COUNTIES. 
61 
Langlade .—This county is covered by a continuous mixed forest of 
hardwoods and hemlock in which pine occurred both scattered and 
in denser bodies in patches and belts, which unlike those of Mara¬ 
thon county, do not always follow the drainage courses. The pine is 
practically cut, though the scattered material is still estimated at 
about 150 million feet. The hardwoods are dense and heavy; their 
cutting has hardly begun, and fire has injured them but little, nor is 
it likely to do so in the future. The standing hemlock amounts to 
about 1,000 million feet, the hardwoods to 1,100 million feet. Birch, 
basswood, and elm in nearly equal proportions form about 80 per 
cent, of the hardwood, followed by maple and ash, and a very small 
quantity of oak. The swamps are generally stocked with cedar, 
tamarack, and some spruce. Larger bare areas occur along the Wolf 
river, and include in all parts only the pine slashings. 
Lincoln. —A mixed forest of hardwoods, hemlock, and pine covers 
the clay and loam lands, or about 80 per cent, of this county. A 
small strip along the Wisconsin river and a broad V shaped tract 
spreading northward from below the junction of the Tomahawk and 
Wisconsin rivers are sandy pinery. The pine is generally cut, only 
about 100 million being in larger bodies, but there is a great deal of 
scattered pine which will bring up the total cut to at least 250 million 
feet. The hardwoods are as yet unculled, have suffered little injury 
from fire, and with the hemlock will cut 6 M. feet per acre of all well 
stocked land. This means a total cut of about 1,000 million feet of 
hemlock and an equal amount of hardwoods, in which birch, bass¬ 
wood and elm represent about 70 per cent., oak only about 3 to 5 per 
cent. The swamps are largely stocked with both cedar and tamarack 
and a little spruce, but many of them have been burned into or were 
entirely cleaned out. Cut-over, burned, or bare lands exist wherever 
pine was dense and in the aggregate amount to many thousand acres 
of the very kind of land least desirable for farming. 
Marathon. —This county was a continuous mixed forest of pine, hard¬ 
woods, and hemlock, except the narrow border along the large? 
streams where pine prevailed. The pine is nearly all cut; the pres¬ 
ent stand is estimated at about 200 million feet, much of which is 
thinly scattered through parts of the mixed forest. The forest o» 
hardwoods and hemlock has been heavily cut into for more than ten 
years; it is interrupted by large clearings, but has not been injured 
much by fire. The standing hemlock is estimated at about 1,500 mil¬ 
lion feet, the hardwoods at about the same amount. Of the latter, 
birch and basswood in nearly equal amounts, form 60 per cent., elm 
20 per cent., and oak only about 5 per cent. 
Marathon has little swamp, most pine slashings have been burnt 
