64 
FORESTS OF WISCONSIN. 
about 20 million feet of pine. The hardwoods and hemlock, of which 
some fair bodies exist in the northeastern part of the county, repre¬ 
sent a probable cut of about 150 million feet, 50 million being hem¬ 
lock. The extensive and dense jack pine woods will furnish 150 mil¬ 
lion feet of material for special mills or pulp purposes and will in 
time prove of considerable value. The swamps, of which a large part 
are open marshes, have suffered much from fires. Large tracts of 
burned-over pine slashings exist throughout the lumbered part of 
the county. 
Price .—The entire county is a level loam and gravelly loam area, 
formerly stocked with a most luxuriant mixed forest in which pine 
prevailed in most of the northern two-thirds and the hemlock and 
hardwoods in the rest. On a few small tracts, in the central part and 
also along the Oneida county line in the northeastern part of the 
county, a sandier soil gave rise to almost a pure pinery form of for¬ 
est. The pine is generally cut, about 200 million are still believed to 
be standing, but most of this is scattered and not over half in large 
bodies. The hemlock and hardwoods in over half the county have suf¬ 
fered seriously from fires and over large areas have been killed en¬ 
tirely. Nevertheless, there are nearly 400,000 acres of wooded area 
which are believed to cut about 1,000 million hemlock and 900 million 
feet of hardwoods. In the latter birch and basswood predominate,, 
with elm and maple following, both ash and oak being rather scarce. 
Price is one of the counties in which fire has done unusual damage 
and large areas are entirely bare of growing material. 
Sawyer .—A mixed forest of pine and hardwoods covered nearly the 
entire county, with two exceptions: (1) a narrow strip along the Ne- 
makagon river, which is a sandy jack pine and Norway pinery, and 
(2) a sandy pinery area south of Round lake from the Chippewa river 
west to the county line. The pine prevailed over considerable areas, 
as for instance, along the Chippewa and Flambeau rivers. Hemlock 
occurs only in the eastern two-thirds of the county, being rarely 
found west of Range 7 W. The pine has been cut along all the rivers, 
but there still remain large quantities, which in the aggregate are 
estimated at 2,000 million feet, and by some even at 2,500 million. 
The hemlock amounts to about 900 million feet, the hardwoods 1,000' 
million, of which fully half is birch and basswood and about 10 per 
cent, is oak, this latter occurring chiefly in the western part of the 
county. The 12 per cent, of swamp lands are generally stocked, 
though extensive damage has been done to those in the vicinity of 
pine slashings. Even in this county with little settlement, large 
tracts of burned-over lands are abundant. 
Shawano. —The southeastern one-third of this county, with its var- 
