PRINCIPAL TREES. 
67 
LIST OF PRINCIPAL FOREST TREES OF NORTH 
WISCONSIN. 
(Arranged according to economic importance in the region.) 
I. CONIFERS. 
1. PINES. 
a. White pine ( Pinus strobas ) occurs in all parts of the territory, 
as scattering mixture in the better hardwood mixed forest of the 
heavy soils, predominant on lighter sandy and gravelly loams and as 
pinery proper on the extensive loamy sand areas. It is the largest 
and most valuable tree of the region. 
b. Red pine (Norway Pine) ( Pinus resinosa ) grows on all sandy 
pinery areas, scatteringly in the southern, abundant in the northern 
counties. It does not mix with the hardwoods on clay land except 
near Lake Superior, is generally mixed either with white or jack pine, 
but in places forms pure stands of considerable extent. In value it 
ranks second among the forest trees of North Wisconsin. 
c. Jack pine ( Pinus divaricata ) is a small tree, grows generally in 
thickets, either pure or mixed, stocks all poor sandy lands and unlike 
the other pines, it also occupies part of the openings. It is of limited 
economic value. 
2. HEMLOCK. 
Hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis) grows on all clay and loam lands of the 
eastern half of North Wisconsin; is either mixed scatteringly or evenly 
with the hardwoods or else predominates in bodies of variable extent. 
The hemlock is a large tree, grows slowly, is easily killed, even by 
mere exposure, and is not reproducing itself well in most parts of 
this region. It is of greater economic value than is generally be¬ 
lieved. 
3. CEDAR. 
Cedar—This tree, commonly called white cedar or simply cedar, 
should receive the name arborvitse ( Thuya occidentalis ) to distinguish 
it from other cedars. It is a medium sized tree of the swamps and 
the moist portions of the upland mixed forests. It occurs in most 
counties and prevails in the swamps of the Green Bay region; a tree 
of considerable value. 
