The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
1 3 
BEAN 
SIMPLICITY 
SPRAYER 
An  Ideal  Outfit  for  the  Grower 
with  Limited  Acreage 
A  complete,  high  grade,  light  weight  Power 
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Delivers 
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BEAN  SPRAY  PUMP  60. 
23  Hosmer  Street,  Lansing, Mich. 
243  W.  Julian  Street,  San  Jose,  California 
Gentlemen:  Send  me  your  new  catalog  and  full 
details  of  the  Bean  Simplicity. 
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Address  _ 
II AYE  S 
Fruit  Fog  Sprayers 
Guaranteeing 
Top  Prices  for  Frnit 
Hayes  “Fruit  Fog”  guarantees  best 
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l.HB  W.11.1  New  Folder— 
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THE  HOPE  FARM  BOOK 
W  This  attractive  234-page  book  has  some  of  the  1 
|  best  of  the  Hope  Farm  Man’s  popular  sketches 
I  — philosophy,  humor,  and  sympathetic 
8  human  touch.  Price  (1.60. 
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Rural  New-Yorker,  335  W.30th  St.,  New  York 
SENIOR 
f  LEADER 
Power  Orchard 
Sprayer 
Field  Force  Pump  Co.,  Dept.  2 
A  Talk  on  Apple  Varieties 
I  note  in  a  recent  R.  N.-Y.  reference 
to  the  St.  Lawrence  apple.  I  am  inter¬ 
ested  in  a  little  plot  on  which  I  have 
planted  about  as  many  trees  as  the  law 
allows,  and  then  a  few  ;  but  as  this  little 
spot  where  I  spend  half  a  day  a  week  for 
recreation  is  situated  in  a  settlement 
called  St.  Lawrence,  I  must  have  a  St. 
Lawrence  apple  for  sentimental  reasons. 
Must  all  black  and  Persian  walnuts  be 
grafted  or  do  they  come  true  from  seed? 
Reading,  Pa.  c.  R.  s. 
The  St.  Lawrence  apple,  one  of  the  old 
apples,  is  now  little  planted.  It  is  there¬ 
fore  difficult  to  find  a  nursery  listing  it. 
Since  it  belongs  to  the  Fameuse  group, 
it  is  hardy  like  other  apples  of  this  class 
and  is  more  apt  to  be  in  catalogues  of 
Canadian  and  Great  Plains  nurseries. 
Because  it  is  difficult  to  import  stock 
from  Canada,  it  would  be  better  to  secure 
the  trees  from  nurseries  in  this  country. 
The  selection  of  the  variety  of  sweet 
apple  will  depend  upon  whether  you  de¬ 
sire  a  Summer,  Fall  or  Winter  apple,  a 
yellow  or  a  red  sort,  or  one  for  culinary 
or  dessert  use.  It  may  help  you  in  your 
selection  to  note  some  of  the  better  sweet 
apples,  together  with  their  qualifications. 
Sweet  Bough  is  primarily  an  apple  for 
the  home  orchard,  and  as  such  it  is  highly 
esteemed.  The  fruit  is  greenish-yellow, 
becoming  yellowish-white,  and  is  of  good 
size.  The  flesh  is  white,  fine,  very  ten¬ 
der,  juicy  and  sweet,  and  the  quality  is 
good  to  very  good.  It  is  in  season  in 
August  and  the  forepart  of  September. 
Bailey  Sweet  is  a  medium  size,  attrac¬ 
tive,  led  apple  of  very  good  quality,  in 
season  from  October  to  January.  It  ac¬ 
quires  i  sickish  sweetness  in  storage  that 
is  objectionable. 
Pumpkin  Sweet  is  prized  because  of  its 
baking  and  stewing  qualities.  The  flesh 
is  ratter  coarse,  and  the  flavor  further 
detract*  from  any  merits  it  may  have  as 
a  dessert  fruit.  It  is  green,  becoming 
yellow,  large  or  very  large,  firm,  decidedly 
sweet,  and  in  season  from  October  to 
January. 
Jacob  Sweet  is  a  large  yellowish  apple 
resembling  Sweet  Bough  in  general  ap¬ 
pearance,  flavor  and  qualifications  for 
the  home  orchard.  The  fruit  is  very 
tender,  markedly  sweet,  very  good  in 
quality,  and  in  season  from  October  to 
December. 
Sweet.  Winesap,  often  called  Hendrick 
Sweet,  is  a  red  Winter  apple  of  very 
good  quality.  It  is  tender,  juicy  and  de¬ 
cidedly  sweet,  regarded  as  one  of  the  good 
sweet  apples  for  either  baking  or  dessert. 
It  is  in  season  from  November  to  April. 
Tolman  Sweet  is  a  yellow  apple  slightly 
below  medium  in  size,  firm,  only  moder¬ 
ately  juicy,  and  rated  “good  to  very 
good.”  '  Its  season  is  November  to  Janu¬ 
ary.  The  hardiness  of  the  trees  and  the 
value  of  the  fruit  for  culinary  use  are 
points  that  recommend  it. 
Most  walnut  orchards  are  grown  from 
selected  seed.  Black  walnuts  are  propa¬ 
gated  entirely  by  this  method.  However, 
though  the  seedlings  will  be  very  similar 
to  the  parents,  they  will  not  be  identical 
with  them.  Consequently  select  varieties 
are  budded  or  grafted.  H.  b.  t. 
That  Abnormal  Apple 
On  page  1439  you  describe  and  ilus- 
trate  a  freak  apple,  and  say  it  is  a  case  or 
“self-grafting.”  I  do  not  think  that  is 
probable  at  all,  nor  even  possible ;  if  it 
were,  it  would  not  be  a  freak ;  but  a 
freak  or  an  abnormal  growth  is  all  it  is. 
This  is  often  seen,  especially  in  cucum¬ 
bers,  also  plums.  An  abnormal  blossom, 
that  is,  two  blossoms  united  at  the  calyx, 
will  cause  that.  I  found  a  dozen  and 
more  plums  of  this  type  in  picking  one 
tree.  Also  a  case  here  in  the  town  where 
I  lived  for  several  years  was  a  cherry  tree 
of  the  Duke  class ;  every  cherry  on  this 
tree  was  always  double.  Two  cherries 
united  just  as  perfectly  as  it  is  possible 
to  see.  Then,  unfortunately,  the  tree  died 
about  two  years  ago.  I  had  thought  of 
propagating  a  few  of  them,  as  they  were 
of  fine  quality.  Each  cherry  had  two 
seeds,  with  few  exceptions.  Very  few 
seeds  were  united.  isaiaii  lower. 
Ohio. 
I  was  much  interested  in  your  article  on 
“Self-Grafting  Apples,”  on  page  1439, 
both  in  your  explanation  of  the  grafting 
process  and  in  the  sermon  on  it  suggested 
on  co-operation.  The  sermon  was  all 
right ;  I  could  say  amen  to  that ;  but 
I  suspect  that  you  are  wrong  in  your 
theory  regarding  the  cause  of  the  union 
of  the  two  parts  of  the  freak  apple. 
During  my  more  than  50  years  of  fruit¬ 
growing  I  have  handled  many  thousands 
of  barrels  of  apples  and  seen  many  freaks 
similar  to  the  one  illustrated.  I  have  had 
a  few  trees  which  would  produce  a  dozen 
such  in  a  season.  Many  times  I  have  ex¬ 
amined  such  specimens  closely,  with  the 
result  that  I  am  fully  convinced  there  is 
no  grafting  of  one  fruit  onto  another,  but 
that  the  union  originate  in  the  blossom. 
I  have  seen  specimens  where  the  two 
parts  grew  so  evenly  that  the  stem  was 
split  nearly  its  whole  length  ;  but  I  never 
saw  an  apple  or  any  other  double  fruit 
attached  to  the  parent  tree  by  more  than 
one  stem. 
Plums  and  cherries  often  have  double 
fruits,  and  occasionally  a  peach  grows 
that  way.  but  I  never  saw  a  double  pear. 
In  the  vegetable  family  such  freaks  are 
common  with  cucumbers,  pumpkins  and 
Summer  squashes.  geo.  h.  b.  green. 
Massachusetts. 
Did  Your  Car  Start  Hard  This  Morning? 
Hard  starting  and  poor  performance  in  cold 
weather  have  always  been  bad  enough,  but 
these  difficulties  become  worse  each  year  be¬ 
cause  of  fuel  conditions.  Spark  plugs  with  the 
ordinary  smooth -surface  porcelain  permit  an 
accumulation  of  soot,  particularly  when  the 
choker  is  used  to  any  extent.  Upon  stopping  the 
engine  in  cold  weather  the  gummy  deposit  on  the 
surface  of  the  porcelain  will  harden,  causing  short 
circuit  and  making  it  almost  impossible  to  start. 
These  troubles  of  hard  starting  and  poor  per¬ 
formance  are  experienced  in  cold  weather  by 
most  motorists  and  particularly  with  old  cars. 
Many  motorists  resort  to  priming,  but  no  amount 
of  priming  will  start  a  motor  in  which  the  plugs 
are- shorted  with  carbon. 
With  AC  Carbon  Proof  Plugs  the  saw  tooth 
edges  of  the  high  temperature  fins  do  not  permit 
the  carbon  to  accumulate  over  the  entire  surface, 
as  these  thin  edges  heat  up  rapidly  and  burn 
away  the  soot  before  it  turns  to  carbon.  This 
effectively  breaks  up  short  circuits,  makes  for 
easier  starting  and  a  better  running  engine. 
The  function  of 
a  spark  plug  is 
to  deliver  the  en¬ 
tire  spark  at  the 
gap.  If  part  of  it 
leaks  away,  due 
to  an  accumula¬ 
tion  of  carbon  on 
the  surface  of  the 
porcelain,  there 
will  be  no  spark  or 
i  t  will  be  so  weak¬ 
ened  that  it  will 
not  properly  ig- 
nitecold  mixtures 
when  starting 
AC  Carbon  Proof  Plugs  facili¬ 
tate  starting  and  give  a  sweet¬ 
running  motor  to  all  cars,  even 
old  ones  that  pump  oil. 
When  a  motor  is  out  of  tune 
it  often  happens  that  costly 
repair  bills  are  incurred,  various 
adjustments  made,  and  finally 
it  is  found  that  new  spark  plugs 
Ford  Owners:  The  AC  1075  for  Ford  engines  is  the  plug  you  should  use.  It  has  our 
patented  wire  clip  for  the  Ford  terminal,  our  new  design  electrode  which  prevents 
oil  from  lodging  in  the  spark  gap,  and  the  famous  AC  Carbon  Proof  porcelain  with 
its  high  temperature  fins  that  attain  sufficient  heat  to  burn  away  oil  deposits,  thus 
offering  effective  resistance  to  carbon.  If  your  Ford  dealer  will  not  supply  you,  any 
other  good  dealer  can  meet  your  needs. 
AC  Spark  Plug  Company,  FLINT,  Michigan 
U.  B.  Pat.  No.  1,135,727,  April  13.  1915,  U.  S.  Pat.  No.  1,216,139.  Fob.  13.  1917.  Other  Patents  Pending 
are  the  remedy.  Avoid  this  ex 
pense  by  first  putting  in  a  new 
set  of  AC’s. 
Put  a  set  of  AC  Carbon  Proofs 
in  your  car  today.  Any  good 
dealer  or  garage  can  supply 
you  with  AC  Carbon  Proofs 
that  were  specially  designed 
for  your  engine. 
-“fertilizers 
that  fertilize ” 
are  tlie  Wilcox  Brands,  the  kind 
that  cost  the  least,  not  necessarily, 
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OUR  REGULAR  CUSTOMERS  KNOW, 
WHY  NOT  YOU? 
SEND  FOR  OUR  FOLDER 
The  Wilcox  Fertilizer  Company 
MYSTIC,  CONNECTICUT 
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quick  reply  and  a  “square  deal.”  See  guarantee  editorial  page. 
