•  |i|  "»r~ 
The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
197 
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Dept.  202 
FEOtu*,  .._LN01SV 
Working  a  Fruit  Farm  on  Shares 
This  is  a  farm  of  21^  acres,  set  out  in 
tree  fruits,  grapes  and  berries.  There  is 
a  field  of  about  three  acres  in  pasture 
grass.  The  only  crops  that  can  be  grown 
must  be  cultivated  between  the  fruit 
trees.  I  have  one  large  farmhouse  and 
necessary  farming  implements,  dumpeart, 
one-horse  wagon  and  a  covered  express 
wagon,  two  Jersey  cews  and  a  year-old 
sow.  What,  in  your  judgment,  would  be 
an  equitable  (proposition  for  tenant  farmer, 
either  on  shares  or  rent?  He  could  have 
the  use  of  horse  and  farm  implements.  I 
have  an  uncompleted  house,  with  electric 
light  and  running  water,  that  could  he 
furnished  for  a  tenant’s  dwelling.  The 
fruit  trees,  peaches,  apples,  pears  and 
plums,  were  set  out  in  1914  and  1915. 
The  apple  trees  bore  some  fruit  last  year ; 
the  peach  trees,  pears  and  plums  were  in 
fruit  last  year.  The  peaches  bore  a  full 
crop ;  plums,  nothing  to  speak  of.  owing 
to  late  freeze  last  Spring.  The  pear 
trees  bore  about  10  per  cent  crop.  Grapes 
were  a  large  crop.  j.  w.  s. 
Suffern.  N.  Y. 
In  giving  the  necessary  advice  to  the 
above  questions,  one  could  answer  more 
intelligently  if  he  knew  more  of  the  sta¬ 
tistics,  such  as  acreage  of  the  different 
kinds  of  fruit,  the  distance  to  a  good  mar¬ 
ket,  and  whether  the  place  could  be  leased 
or  worked  on  shares  for  a  period  of  years. 
For  instance,  if  the  farm  has  a  larger 
acreage  of  apples  than  of  peach  or  pear 
or  plum,  it  would  be  of  more  value  to 
anyone, '  for'"  a  cash  rent  or  a  share,  to 
rent  for  a  period  of  years,  per  year,  than 
to  rent  it  for  one  year,  as  the  apple 
acreage  is  increasing  every  year  in  value, 
while  the  peach  trees  have  probably  seen 
their  best  days  and  could  not  be  relied  on 
for  a  money  crop  unless  well  taken  care 
of.  Again,  berries  are  mentioned,  but  no 
acreage  or  kind.  So  the  only  thing  pos¬ 
sible  in  this  case  is  to  consider  a  proposi¬ 
tion  on  a  basis  as  follows: 
If  I  had  a  place  of  21  acres  offered  me, 
within  five  or  10  miles  of  a  good  market, 
with  all  the  implements  necessary  to  run 
the  place,  outside  of  a  truck  to  run  pro¬ 
duce  to  market,  with  a  10-acre  young 
apple  orchard,  three  acres  of  peaches,  one 
acre  of  pears,  one  acre  of  plums,  one  acre 
of  grapes,  three  acres  of  berries,  three 
acres  of  grass  for  pasture,  and  a  com¬ 
fortable  house  to  live  in  for  a  period  of 
five  years,  I  would  be  willing  to  pay  a 
rental  per  year  of  from  $000  to  $800,  ac¬ 
cording  to  the  facilities  of  school  and 
church  privileges.  If  I  worked  the  place 
on  shares  for  a  period  of  five  years,  I 
would  want  two-thirds  of  the  net  proceeds 
of  the  crops,  I,  of  course,  doing  or  paying 
for  all  the  labor,  the  cost  of  keeping  the 
horse,  keeping  tools  in  repair,  and  fer¬ 
tilizers,  seeds,  spraying  material,  boxes 
and  baskets  for  berries  and  fruits,  etc., 
to  ‘be  paid  out  of  the  gross  receipts. 
Now,  in  order  to  pay  $700  (split  the 
difference)  a  year  and  to  have  $1,400  for 
my  labor,  let  us  consider  about  the  cost 
of  running  this  place  and  what  the  pro¬ 
ceeds  would  be.  One  man  and  myself 
could  run  the  place  except  at  berry-pick¬ 
ing  time,  say  $1,000  a  year  for  hired  help, 
$500  for  phosphate,  $200  for  seed  and 
plants,  $100  for  horse,  $200  for  gas  and 
upkeep  of  truck,  $100  for  baskets,  barrels, 
etc.,  for  fruit,  $25  for  spraying  material, 
$75  overhead  expenses,  making  a  total  of 
$2,200  for  expenses,  and  $2,100  for  the 
landlord  and  myself;  grand  total,  $4,300. 
This,  I  think,  is  a  very  conservative  view 
of  the  question.  wm.  perkins. 
New  Jersey. 
,  Transplanting  a  Large  Tree 
Perhaps  R.  -L.  Iv.,  page  12,  would  like 
to  know  the  way  we  adopted  in  trans¬ 
planting  a  rather  large  apple  tree  some 
years  ago.  It  was.  a  pretty  good  condi¬ 
tioned  Gravensteiu  that  had  been  planted 
so  near  a  larger  one  that  it  had  no 
chance  of  amounting  to  anything  where  it 
was,  so  it  ought  to  be  moved  or  cut  down 
altogether. 
It  was  in  the  Fall,  I  think,  though  the 
ground  was  not  frozen.  We  began  by 
digging  a  narrow  trench  in  a  circle  3  ft. 
or  so_from  the  trunk,  which  must  have 
been  n  or  6  in.  through  a  little  above  the 
ground.  W  e  found  something  that  was 
of  great  help  to  us.  The  roots  were  in 
such  a  mat  that,  though  we  had  to  cut  off 
a  good  many  of  them,  the  ones  that  we 
saved  held  all  the  soil  inside  of  the  circle. 
As  soon  as  that  was  completed,  we  got 
rails  under  it,  and  by  canting  the  trunk 
one  way  and  the  other,  detached  it  from 
the  ground.  Then  we  hitched  a  team  to 
it  by  means  of  a  chain,  but  it  was  so 
heavy  that  the  team  had  to  try  twice  be¬ 
fore  it  came  out  of  its  place,  so  it  was 
some  tree,  all  right. 
The  team  then  dragged  it  to  the  place 
where  we  had  dug  a  hole  for  the  tree,  and 
dumped  it  into  the  hole.  Then  there  was 
nothing  to  do  but  stand  it  up  straight  and 
put  back  the  soil,  being  careful  to  fill  all 
spaces  under  the  tree,  and  ramming  the 
soil  in  as  much  as  possibl.  The  tree  had 
stood  in  the  shadow  of  the  other  tree  till 
its  top  was  not  very  bushy,  but  we  cut 
half  or  more  of  that  off,  shortening  in  all 
the  limbs  that  were  left. 
*  That  was  all.  The  tree  grew  rather 
doubtfully  for  a  year  or  two,  and  then 
seemed  to  be  over  its  ordeal,  for  it  then 
began  to  grow  better  than  it  had  done  be¬ 
fore  it  was  moved,  and  now,  after  half  a 
dozen  years  or  more,  if  bears  good  crops, 
and  is  probably  as  valuable  as  it  would 
be  if  it  had  had  a  good  place  to  remain 
in  at  first.  We  called  the  venture  an  en- 
tire  success,  though  it  did  take  some  work 
of  a  pretty  heavy  sort.  j.  w.  c. 
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