214 
27re  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
February  10, 
How  to  put  sick 
or  backward  cows 
back  on  their  feet  ” 
FREE  BOOK 
Just  a  post -card  request  will  bring 
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ask  only  that  you  give  us  the  name 
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m*  »o-*»v4o j?  *ver>pl-  h*«>W*-*  u 
dairy  association  <^o.riwx<; 
THINK  BACKWARD —  how  many  times  would  you 
not  have  given  almost  anything  to  know  just  what 
to  do  to  save  a  sick  cow.  Or  perhaps  a  cow  did  not 
seem  exactly  sick,  but  without  apparent  reason  the  milk 
pail  brought  its  daily  disappointment. 
In  order  that  cow  owners  may  have  at  their  finger 
tips  authoritative  information  on  the  symptoms,  causes 
and  home  treatment  of  the  most  common  cow  ailments 
we  publish  and  distribute  free  our  famous  book,— “The 
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Besides  a  wealth  of  useful  general  information  it 
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tion,  Retained  Afterbirth,  Scours,  Bunches,  Milk  Fever, 
Loss  of  Appetite ,  etc.  The  book  also  explains  how  cows 
can  produce  vigorous  calves  and  remain  strong  and 
healthy  Just  two  tablespoonfuls  of  Kow-Kare  two 
weeks  before  and  two  weeks  after  calving  does  won¬ 
ders  in  building  the  perfect  milk-making  machine. 
Increase  the  Milk  Yield 
Every  added  pint  is  sure  profit.  Try  Kow-Kare  on 
your  cows  one  week  each  month  and  the  results  will 
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Give  Kow-Kare  a  trial  on  backward  milkers.  Feed 
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DAIRY  ASSOCIATION  CO.,  Inc.  Lyndonville,  Vt. 
Live  Stock  Questions 
Answered  by  Prof.  F.  C.  Minkler 
'ROOFING 
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The  United  Factories  Co., 
Selecting  Dairy  Breed 
I  wish  to  buy  a  cow  as  the  start  of  a 
herd ;  can  invest  only  $50  now.  Whai 
breed  would  you  advise?  I  am  offered  a 
crossbred  eight  years  old.  What  does  A. 
R.  O.  mean?  What  is  certified  milk? 
Pennsylvania.  b.  m. 
It  seems  to  me  that  you  would  be  wise 
in  choosing  at  the  outset  a  high-grade 
dairy  cow  rather  than  attempting  to 
launch  outright  into  the  purebred  busi¬ 
ness,  especially  since  you  have  only  $5(1 
to  invest  in  a  dairy  cow.  In  the  mean¬ 
time  the  grade  dairy  cow  would  be  pay¬ 
ing  way,  while  the  heifer  calf  that  would 
entail  a  smaller  investment  would 
scarcely  come  into  use  or  pay  her  keep 
until  she  was  three  years  old. 
As  to  the  choice  of  breeds,  this  is  a 
matter  that  is  up  to  the  individual.  Ayr¬ 
shire  cows  yield  milk  testing  around  four 
per  cent,  and  it  is  claimed  that  they  are 
well  adapted  to  foraging,  are  hardy  and 
vigorous  and  can  withstand  unfavorable 
climatic  conditions.  Jersey  and  Guern¬ 
sey  will  produce  five  per  cent  milk,  and 
will  yield  less  quantity  than  either  the 
Ayrshire  or  the  Holstein.  If  quantity 
alone  is  desired,  then  the  Holstein  excels, 
for  it  is  a  larger  type  and  capable  of  con¬ 
suming  the  maximum  amount  of  coarse 
fodders  and  concentrated  feeds.  There  are 
good  and  inferior  representatives  in  each 
breed,  and  you  would  be  wise  to  go  to  a 
responsible  live  stock  man  and  ask  him  to 
select  for  you  a  cow  that  will  not  disap¬ 
point  you  individually  or  at  the  pail. 
As  to  the  meaning  of  certain  terms 
used  by  cattle  men,  we  will  say  that  A. 
R.  O.  identifies  cows  that,  in  addition  to 
being  purebred  and  registered  in  a  rec¬ 
ognized  breeding  association,  have  pro¬ 
duced  milk  and  butterfat  records  under 
the  supervision  of  agricultural  colleges 
that  have  entitled  them  to  an  official  ad¬ 
vanced  record.  The  registration  papers 
themselves  identify  breeding,  while  the 
A.  R.  O.  record  identifies  certified  produc¬ 
tion. 
Certified  milk  applies  to  milk  that  has 
been  produced  by  tuberculin  tested  cows 
under  conditions  of  sanitation  and  hand¬ 
ling  of  both  milk  and  cattle  that  have  been 
prescribed  by  milk  commissions  and  cer¬ 
tified  to  by  a  medical  board.  It  requires 
that  milk  shall  have  a  low  bacteria  count 
and  that  it  shall  be  produced  and  distrib¬ 
uted  under  the  most  rigid  supervision. 
The  cross  bred  animal,  that  you  refer 
to  could  scarcely  be  expected  to  qualify 
as  a  satisfactory  dairy  cow.  Rather  than 
purchase  an  eight-year  old  cow  I  should 
choose  a  heifer  three  or  four  years  old. 
One  would  expect  her  to  increase  in  use¬ 
fulness  until  she  was  seven  or  eight  years 
old.  Usually  cows  commence  to  decline 
when  they  reach  this  period  in  life.  Fre¬ 
quently  it  is  possible  for  one  to  buy  pure¬ 
bred  calves  at  an  early  age  and,  with  the 
milk  or  skim-milk  that  would  be  avail¬ 
able  from  your  grade  dairy  cow,  you  could 
develop  this  youngster  and  let  her  replace 
the  grade  cow  when  she  is  old  enough  to 
come  into  milk.  The  experience  that  you 
would  gain  in  caring  for  these  animals 
might  warrant  you  in  going  into  the  busi¬ 
ness  more  extensively,  if  desired,  later  on. 
land  for 
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■  ■  C  Ell  IF  C  Is  your  own  horse  afflicted? 
H  t  #4  V  t  9  Use  2  large  cans.  Cost  $2.50. 
Money  back  if  not  satisfactory 
ONE  can  at  $1.25  often  sufficient.  In  powder  form. 
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iWMINERALIg. 
Jggjj^OMPOUND 
A  veterinary’s  compound  tor 
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Booklet 
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^  Conditioner.  At  dealers’  or 
30  years’  sale  foy  parcel  post. 
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Using  Home-grown  Grains 
Will  you  advise  me  how  I  can  use  the 
following,  and  any  additions  you  think 
necessary,  to  make  a  good  dairy  ration, 
to  go  with  cornstalks,  which  I  cut  by  ma¬ 
chine.  and  good  Timothy  and  clover  hay. 
corn  on  cob.  wheat,  oats  and  buckwheat? 
I  would  also  like  to  know  what  kind  of 
laying  mash  I  can  mix  for  hens ;  also  a 
scratch  food.  I  can  shell  and  crack  corn 
for  poultry  if  advisable.  H.  B. 
New  Jersey. 
All  of  the  ingredients  you  mention  are 
carriers  of  carbohydrates,  and  it  will  be 
necessary  for  you  to  purchase  some  con¬ 
centrates,  such  as  linseed  meal,  cotton¬ 
seed  meal  or  gluten  meal,  in  order  to 
bring  these  feeds  proportionately  into  bal¬ 
ance  for  use  in  feeding  dairy  cows.  At 
the  outset  allow  the  cows  all  of  the  corn¬ 
stalks  that  they  will  clean  up  during  the 
middle  of  the  day,  and  let  them  have  all 
of  the  mixed  hay  that  they  will  consume 
morning  and  night,  after  the  grain  rat-ion 
has  been  eaten.  Assuming  that  it  is  more 
convenient  for  you  to  grind  the  corn  and 
cob  together,  and  that  the  oats  and  buck¬ 
wheat  likewise  can  be  home  milled,  it  is 
proposed  that  your  mixture  for  cows  in 
milk  be  combined  as  follows:  300  lbs.  <>f 
corn  and  cob  meal,  200  lbs.  ground  oats. 
200  lbs.  ground  buckwheat,  100  lbs.  lin¬ 
seed  meal,  200  lbs.  43  per  cent  cottonseed 
meal.  Add  15  lbs.  of  salt  to  each  batch  of 
feed,  and  feed  approximately  1  lb.  of 
grain  for  each  3  lbs.  of  milk  produced 
per  cow  per  day.  For  the  dry  cows  use 
equal  parts  of  corn  and  oats,  bran  and 
linseed  meal. 
As  a  scratch  for  feeding  your  poultry, 
a  mixture  consisting  of  equal  parts  of 
cracked  corn,  whole  wheat,  oats  and  buck¬ 
wheat.  can  he  used,  while  the  mash  should 
include  100  lbs.  of  cornmeal,  100  lbs. 
ground  oats.  100  lbs.  bran.  100  lbs.  red 
dog  flour.  100  lbs.  meat  scrap.  50  lbs.  lin¬ 
seed  meal.  „ 
The  scratch  feed  should  be  fed  twice 
daily  and  spread  over  the  dry  litter,  and 
the  mash  can  be  keot  before  the  hens 
all  times.  If  skim-milk  or  buttermilk  v- 
available  it  is  relished  by  the  birds  and 
always  increases  production. 
