334  . 
i n w  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
March  3,  1923 
lyrox  gets  Top  Irices 
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A  BOOK 
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An  unbiased,  authorita¬ 
tive  discussion  of  insect 
pests  and  plant  diseases 
and  how  to  control  them. 
Admits  that  Pyrox  is  not 
a  cure-all,  and  lets  users 
tell  you  in  their  own 
words  how  Pyrox  saves 
them  time  and  money. 
You  won't  have  the  lat¬ 
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IT  gives  you  finer  looking 
vegetables,  larger  and 
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as  little  apples  are  green. 
For  twenty-four  years 
Pyrox  has  been  killing  bugs 
and  controlling  blights.  It  also  invigorates  the 
plants  so  that  they  grow  and  produce  over  a  longer 
period.  For  this  reason  alone  it  will  pay  you  to  use 
Pyrox.  You  get  this  triple  benefit  at  one  time- 
and-labor  cost  for  spraying. 
You  buy  Pyrox  as  a  smooth,  firm  paste — a 
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49  Chambers  Street,  New  York 
111  West  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Ill. 
lyrox 
the  powerful  triple-duty  spray 
CHEAP  FEED 
from  your  own  land 
THE  most  economical  cattle  feed  is  that  raised  on  your  farm  provid- 
ing  you  get  good  yields  per  acre.  One  ton  of  alfalfa  or  clover  is  worth 
two  tons  of  common  hay  as  a  milk  producer.  When  preparing  fields  for 
grain,  harrow  in  one  to  two  tons  per  acre  of  SOLVAY  and  sow  alfalfa  or 
clover.  The  feed  bills  you  save  will  pay  for  theSOLVAY  many  times  over. 
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booklet . 
It  tell*  all 
about  lime. 
pULVERIZed' 
LIMESTONE 
THE 
SOLVAY 
PROCESS 
COMPANY 
Syracuse, 
N.  Y. 
The  Future  of  Eastern  Grape  growing 
Part  I. 
Farm  Conditions. — It  is  well  at  inter¬ 
vals  between  harvests  to  take  inventory 
of  one’s  business  prospects,  whether  it  be 
in  industrial  lines  or  agricultural  pur¬ 
suits.  It  requires  but  little  figuring  to 
bring  out  the  fact  that  while  business  in 
general  has  had  a  very  prosperous  year 
the  past  season,  judging  by  the  stock 
dividends  under  distribution,  the  farmer 
by  and  large  has  not  been  so  fortunate. 
Aside  from  a  very  few  specialized  crops, 
farm  products  of  the  past  season  have 
barely  paid  the  cost  of  growing.  It  is 
very  natural  for  the  man  engaged  in  any 
enterprise  to  be  on  the  alert  for  any  sug¬ 
gestions  of  methods  or  the  taking  on  of 
new  goods  that  will  increase  his  return. 
In  other  words,  the  progressive  business 
man  cannot  stand  still ;  he  must  increase 
his  sales  with  the  goods  already  being 
handled  or  else  he  must  add  to  his  line. 
This  likewise  holds  true  for  the  farmer. 
But  in  the  past  he  has  not  been  particu¬ 
larly  successful  in  enlarging  his  sales, 
for  there  seems  to  be  surplus  production 
at  the  present  time  for  the  major  portion 
of  his  varied  crops.  In  time  such  con¬ 
ditions  tend  to  adjust  themselves, 
hut  in  the  interim  disaster  is  likely  to 
result,  for  the  farmer,  unlike  the  indus¬ 
trialist  cannot  close  down  his  plant  until 
more  favorable  times. 
Ups  and  Downs. — The  fruit  grower, 
the  stockman,  the  dairyman  and  the 
growers  of  grains  have  all  in  their  turn 
had  their  ups  and  downs.  With  some  it 
has  been  mostly  downs.  With  the  fruit 
farmer  the  pendulum  has  swung  from 
apples  to  pears,  thence  to  peaches  and 
cherries,  with  a  few  plums  thrown  in  in 
the  interims.  Some  have  gone  to  quinces 
and  small  fruits.  In  turn  there  has  fol¬ 
lowed  over-production  or  under-selling, 
and  then  the  peach  orchard  was  pulled 
out  and  apples  went  in,  or  apples  came 
out  and  cherries  were  planted  until  they 
could  no  longer  be  sold  profitably,  then 
out  came  the  cherries.  A  few  years  since 
there  came  a  tremendous  demand  for  Co¬ 
lumbian  berries.  With  the  demand  came 
high  prices.  Columbian  was  planted  to 
the  exclusion  of  other  berries.  Result, 
over-production  of  Columbian  berries, 
with  marked  reduction  in  price  or  no  mar¬ 
ket  at  all.  A  few  years  ago  there  was 
a  call  loud  enough  to  be  .heard  by  many 
for  gooseberries  and  black  currants.  To¬ 
day  the  call  has  died  away  to  a  mere 
whisper. 
Grape  Business  Improving. — But  a 
few  years  ago  the  apple  and  peach  grow¬ 
ers  used  to  look  down  with  compassion 
on  the  New  York  vineyardist,  and  there 
is  no  question  but  that  he  needed  com¬ 
passion,  because  that  is  about  all  he  got; 
but  today  how  different.  From  Kansas 
on  the  west  to  Bong  Island  on  the  east, 
and  from  the  Great  Lakes  on  the  north 
to  Florida,  the  inquiries  pour  in,  “Can¬ 
not  we  grow  grapes  in  our  locality?” 
The  more  venturesome  write :  “I  am 
planning  to  put  out  10  acres  of  Concord,” 
etc.  The  rush  to  grape-growing  much 
resembles  those  to  gold  mining  camps. 
But  it  is  a  strange  fact  that  the  vine¬ 
yardist  who  has  been  engaged  in  the  in¬ 
dustry  is  the  one  least  in  a  hurry  to  join 
the  scramble.  Ilis  past  experiences  no 
doubt  account  for  his  slowness  to  grasp 
the  full  significance  of  the  situation. 
Profit  and  Loss. — It  is,  of  course,  true 
that  the  Eastern  grape  grower  made 
some  money  in  1919,  1920  and  1922;  hut 
in  1921  his  loss  was  almost  total.  He 
perhaps  realized  in  that  season  enough 
to  give  him  day  laborer  wages.  That  for 
the  past  few  seasons  the  demand  for 
grapes  has  increased  greatly  cannot  be 
denied.  Likewise  it  should  be  stated  that 
the  crop  of  1922  taxed  to  capacity  the 
markets  of  the  East.  It  may  be  argued 
that  it  will  be  many  years  before  all  grape 
sections  will  have  the  large  tonnages  of 
the  past  season.  The  latter  statement  is 
partially  true,  but  there  are  thousands  of 
acres  already  planted  that  are  yet  to 
come  into  competition  with  the  producing 
acreage.  There  was  not  much  difficulty 
in  moving  the  crop  of  1921  because  of  its 
size,  but  the  per  ton  price  was  not  com¬ 
mensurate  with  the  crop.  In  1920  the 
average  selling  price  was  $130  per  ton, 
yet  with  a  fourth  of  that  crop  in  1921  the 
selling  price  was  less  than  $100.  Why 
this  biennial  fluctuation? 
In  years  of  high  production  the  users 
of  grapes  in  quantity  buy  heavily  that 
their  product  may  tide  them  over  in  a  sea¬ 
son  of  low  yields.  As  a  result  the  crops 
of  short  years  find  their  way  largely  into 
other  markets,  i.  e.,  domestic  uses.  That 
the  markets  for  fresh  grapes  are  increas¬ 
ing.  there  can  be  no  doubt,  but  the  ques¬ 
tion-  arises  are  they  increasing  fast 
enough  to  keep  pace  with  the  new  plant¬ 
ings  that  are  coming  into  bearing. 
Possible  Overproduction.— According 
to  the  figures  of  the  United  States  De¬ 
partment  of  Agriculture,  the  Western 
States  of  California.  Arizona,  Idaho.  Ore¬ 
gon.  Utah  and  Washington  shipped  in 
1917,  21,378  carloads  of  grapes.  In  1922 
these  same  States,  with  an  acute  car 
shortage,  shipped  51,254  cars.  These 
States  have  planted  and  are  planting 
many  thousand  acres  that  will  swell  the 
shipments  in  later  seasons.  In  1917  the 
States  to  the  east  of  -Nebraska  and  south 
shipped  8.087  cars,  while  in  1922  these 
same  States  shipped  15,221.  The  crop 
in  1917  for  most  of  these  States  vvas 
above  the  average.  But  one  conclusion 
can  be  reached  from  these  statements, 
and  that  is  a  large  part  of  the  increase  is 
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