The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
Jill!!! 
{! 
Producing 
The  Perfect 
Hatching  Egg 
BACK  of  every  sturdy,  healthy,  Pine 
Tree  Day -Old,  there  is  a  perfect 
hatching  egg.  And  behind  the  eggs 
are  flecks  of  pure-bred,  free-range 
.birds-  These  flocks  were  personally 
culled  and  mated  by  Jfr.  Charles  Nixon, 
noted  as  a  breeder  and  poultry  judge. 
These  precious  hatching  eggs  are  incu¬ 
bated  in  special  machines  of  our  own 
design,  assuring  correct  temperature 
and  ventilation.  The  Chicks  come  to 
you  full  of  life  and  vigor.  We 
Guarantee  Safe  Arrival 
Our  new  Baby  Chick  Book  tells  in 
pictures  and  print  how  the  perfect 
hatching  egg  is  produced  and  hatched. 
Describes  leading  utility  breeds.  Write 
for  your  copy— fret:. 
Pine  Tree  Hatchery 
Bax  R  Stockton,  New  Jersey 
'Oldest  Hatchery  in  the  V.  S.  ” 
V  ' 
QUALITY!  SERVICE!  j 
Raise  Flocks  Worth  Crowing  About 
Hatching  eggs  from 
healthy  flocks  thoroughly 
culled  from  utility  bird*, 
bred  for  eggs,  not  fine 
feathers,,  from  strains 
that  are  proven 
money  makers 
perf  e  c  1 1  y 
hatched 
chicks  are 
the  best. 
Not  fan¬ 
cy,  but 
strong 
and  full 
off  lJ  pep. 
We  •  spe¬ 
cialize  in  only 
seyen  breeds.  Write 
for  »  special  letter 
ou  White  W  .van- 
dot  tes.  You  Can. 
Buy  No  Better 
Chicks  than  ours  at  any  price.  Lots  of  25  to 
25,000;  1,500,000  capacity;  established  in  1888. 
Mansfield!  Hatchery.  Dept.  A,  Mansfield,  Mass. 
FREE 
Beautiful 
Illustrated 
Book  and 
Price  List 
On  Requoot 
SAVE  PACKAGE  COSTS 
FIRST  CLASS  SECOND-HAND 
CASES,  Peach  Carriers.  Ber¬ 
ry  Crates,  Onion  Crates.  Baskets  of 
all  kinds,  and  other  Fruit  and  Vege¬ 
table  Packages.  All  these  contain¬ 
ers  areiu  as  good  as  new  condition 
and  ready  for  instant  use.  Carlot  Shipments- — Our  Spe¬ 
cialty.  Let  Us  Quote  You— That's  All! 
THE  EMPTY  PACKAGE  SUPPLY  CO. 
Dept.  R.  301-303  Johnson  Avenue,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Rose  Comb  Black  Ml  norcas  *[,£{?,; 
Lay  White  Eggs  all  year.  Eggs,  $1.50  for  15.  Special 
price  on  quantities.  H.  D,  COFFMAN,  Swoope.  Virginia 
CALL  DUCKS t  $4  A  PAIR 
Cail  Ducks  eggs,  $1.75  a  setting.  Postpaid.  Brown 
Leghorn  eggs,  $1.25  setting  of  15  eggs.  Day-old 
ducklings,  30c  each,  Postpaid.  Ducklings  are  call 
ducks  \V m  Ctsretens,  Port  Clinton, O.  R.F.  D.3 
PEKIN  33  ABIES 
Got  yours  from  a  commercial  specialized  meat 
farm.  Freo  range.  Eggs.  Write  now. 
Parslppany  Ducks  -  Boon  ton,  N.  J. 
White  Holland  Turkey  Toms*15beiggSf; 
$7.50  per  do/.  Mrs.  F.  I.  BARTHOLOMEW,  Huntsburg,  Ohio 
Bourbon-Red  Tom  Turkeys  ton* 
able  prices.  Am  booking  orders  for  hatching  eggs 
now.  Mrs.  THURSTON  H.  SMITH  Hopewell  Junction,  N.  Y, 
PL  RE  MAMMOTH  BRONZE  TURKEYS. 
LARKY  CULLEN  -  New  Albany,  Pa. 
Mammoth  White  PEKIN  DUCK  EGGS 
for  bale  from  blue  ribbon  winners  at  $2  per  setting  of  1* 
eggs.  KOOK-CLIFF  FARM,  Broguevllle,  Penn. 
Manmloth  TOULOUSE  GOOSE  EGGS 
from  old  geese,  20  to  28  lbs.  One  a  Garden  Winner.  Fif¬ 
ty  cte.  each,  MacPHERSON  FARM.  Millington,  N.  J. 
Pear!  Guineas  MarPHtEsoN  * aam  Muiington,  n.  j. 
Penciled  Indian  Runner  Rucks,  ft  each.  Erect  car¬ 
riage,  fine  markings.  MscFHERSON  farm,  HUlingtou,  M,  J. 
Mammoth  Bronze  Turkeys.  State  Fair  Prize  Stock. 
Mrs,  PEARL  CT7DDEBACK  -  Skaneateles,  N.  T. 
mot  h  Bronze  Turkeys  Sired  by  a  eon  of  a  first  prize 
Madison  Squar  e  Garden.  Mis.  ll>A  CHl’MBLEY,  Draper,  Va. 
,  Champion  "  Goldbank  ”  strain. 
For  Salt-Light  Brahmas  «o«e  -ock 
Walden,  K.  T. 
WANTED— Plymouth  Rock  Cockerels 
for  breeding.  Let  me  know  how  many  you  have  to 
offer  and  price,  JOHN  RICK  Reading,  Pa. 
CRAIG'S  BARRED  ROCKS 
Individuals  awarded  Certificate  of  Excellence  at 
Bergen  Co.  contest  for  high  production  Dee.  and 
Jan.  Eggs,  $12  ;  Chicks,  $22  per  100.  Cockerels — 
Pullets, $5  and  $1.75.  Limited  number  selecte  :  year¬ 
ling  breeders,  $2  50.  J.  A.  CRAIG.  R.  R.  5,  Freehold,  N.  J. 
Trapnested  Barred  Rocks.  Eggs,  Chicks.  Stock.  cir¬ 
culars  free.  MUR  L.  SEARL.ES  BaiN.  Milford,  Vcw  Hampshire 
Make  Money  Raising  Squabs 
n  ighest  market  ever  known.  Breeders 
t  (lipped  everywhere.  Write  for  prices. 
Homers,  Carneaux,  White  Kings  a  Specialty. 
Albion  Squab  Co.,  38  N.  Beacon  St,  Albion,  Mass. 
THE  HENYARD 
Preventing  Chicks  from  Smothering 
Is  there  any  gas  burner  or  other  heat¬ 
ing  apparatus  on  the  market  that  will 
stop  little  chicks  from  smothering?  If 
not,  what  is  best  ro  do  when  brooding 
them  with  a  500-chick  brooder?  I  keep 
250  under  such  brooder.  W.  F. 
Rhinebeck,  N.  Y. 
I  know  of  nothing  better  than  the  coal¬ 
burning  brooder  stoves,  though  those  op¬ 
erated  with  other  fuel  should  be  equally 
satisfactory.  If  your  chicks  pile  up  and 
smother,  it  is  an  indication  that  they  are 
not  being  kept  sufficiently  warm,  or  that 
they  have  uot  been  taught  to  return  to 
the  stove  for  warmth  when  cold,  or  that 
they  have  become  frightened  in  some 
way  and  driven  into  places  away  from 
rhe  heat.  Huddling  is  a  trick  easily 
learned  by  little  chicks,  and  care  should 
he  taken  that  they  do  not  acquire 
the  habit.  When  first  placed  about  the 
stove,  it  is  well  to  enclose  them  with  a 
fence  or  wire  netting,  so  that  they  will 
not  get  far  from  the  source  of  heat  until 
they  have  learned  to  return  to  it  when 
uncomfortable.  If  necessary  to  enter  the 
brooder  house  with  a  lantern  at  night,  be 
careful  not  to  frighten  the  chicks  and 
drive  them  into  corners.  Do  not  attempt 
to  operate  a  brooder  stove  in  a  room  so 
large  or  so  poorly  built  that  it  cannot 
keep  the  space  immediately  about  it  as 
warm  as  chicks  like  to  be  kept.  No 
thermometer  is  reequired  to  measure  the 
heat.  If  chicks  are  comfortable  beneath 
a  hover,  they  will  lie  in  a  circle  or  in 
groups  near  its  outer  edge  and,  while 
snuggled  close  together,  will  not  pile  up. 
If  they  do  not  do  this,  but  show  a  ten¬ 
dency  to  huddle,  increase  the  fire  until 
they  are  content  to  remain  a  short  dis¬ 
tance  from  it.  A  500-chick  brooder  stove 
should  easily  care  for  250  chicks  in  any 
suitable  room.  m.  n.  i>. 
Cooling  Incubator  Eggs 
I  am  operating  an  incubator  manufac¬ 
tured  about  1912-13.  It  is  a  model  with 
a  larger  air  space  over  the  heating  coil 
(in  egg  chamber)  than  found  in  more  re¬ 
cent  machines  of  this  make.  I  have  al¬ 
ways  cooled  the  eggs  from  the  third  to 
the  eighteenth  day.  I  understand  a  com¬ 
mon  practice  at  present  is  to  turn  the 
eggs,  but  not  to  cool  them.  Would  you 
advise  me  to  continue  to  cool,  or  can  I 
save  this  time  taken  for  the  cooling?  Ma¬ 
chine  operated  in  house  cellar,  with  uni¬ 
form  temperature  and  moisture  condi¬ 
tions.  8.  D.  B. 
Voorheesville,  N.  Y. 
Cooling  eggs,  any  further  than  the  cool¬ 
ing  which  they  receive  while  being  turned, 
is  now  going  out  of  fashion,  tests  seeming 
to  have  demonstrated  that  the  practice 
results  in  nothing  further  than  slowing 
down  the  process  of  incubation.  It  is 
difficult;  to  see  how  cooling  can  help  the 
process  of  incubation,  since  warmth  is 
essential  to  the  growth  of  the  embryo. 
It  would  seem  rather  that  cooling  would 
be  injurious  to  just  the  extent  that  it 
checked  embryonic  development.  The 
eggs  of  sitting  hens  are  cooled  when  the 
hn  leaves  her  nest  for  food,  but  that 
cooling  is  at  such  irregular  intervals  and 
for  such  varied  lengths  of  time  that,  it 
does  not  seem  likely  that  there  is  any 
purpose  in  it.  If  food  and  drink  are  kept 
near  a  sitting  hen,  and  she  is  kept  free 
frein  vermin,  she  will  not  remain  off  her 
nest  long,  while,  if  she  has  to  hunt  for 
food,  her  eggs  will  frequently  become 
stone  cold.  My  personal  belief  is  that 
cooling  in  artificial  incubation,  unless 
some  accident  lias  caused  overheating  of 
the  eggs  and  It  is  desired  to  get  them 
down  to  normal  temperature  quickly,  is 
uot  only  useless,  but,  possibly,  to  a  lim¬ 
ited  degree,  harmful.  M.  B.  D. 
Small  Eggs 
Recently  I  was  greatly  surprised  after 
gathering  my  eggs  to  find  what  I  consider 
one  of  the  smallest  eggs  laid  by  a  White 
Leghorn.  I  noted  in  The  R.  N.-Y.  De¬ 
cember  30,  1922,  page  1528,  a  very  small 
egg.  I  laid  the  small  egg  over  the  pic¬ 
ture.  and,  to  my  surprise,  I  found  it 
smaller  and  also  more  uniform,  and  so 
I  am  sending  the  egg  to  you. 
Livingston  Manor,  N.  Y.  mbs.  .  n.  j.  v. 
When  is  an  egg  an  egg?  Only  when 
it  is  perfectly  formed,  with  yolk,  white, 
membranes  and  shell.  And,  further,  if  I 
were  conducting  a  small-egg  contest,  I 
should  insist  that  all  eggs  entered  should 
be  fertile  and  capable  of  hatching.  Small 
“eggs”  are  frequently  found  which  consist 
only  of  a  small  mass  of  albumen,  or  white, 
that  has  passed  through  the  oviduct  and 
has  been  enveloped  in  a  shell  by  the  shell¬ 
making  glands.  These  are  not  true  eggs, 
and  show  simply  that  the  glands  of  the 
oviduct  that  secrete  shell-making  material 
do  not  recognize  any  difference  between 
a  yolk  covered  with  albumen  and  yolk¬ 
less  albumen.  They  respond  to  the  stim¬ 
ulation  of  any  such  mass,  and  would 
probably  be  quite  as  willing  to  enclose 
a  soft  lump  of  clay  in  the  same  place. 
There  is  nothing  mysterious  about  a 
diminutive  egg.  or  about  a  mammoth  one, 
save  in  the  life  principle  enclosed.  We 
know  by  what  mechanical  processes  they 
are  formed,  and  what  their  chemical  con¬ 
stituents  are,  but  we  do  not  know  what 
gives  them  the  power  to  develop  into 
chickens.  m.  b.  d. 
3  no 
Grow  quickly— lay  early 
because  they  are  bred  direct  from  t lie  finest  farm-ranee 
uw'x  *  v  l,rov®d  their  own  ability  to  la\  — 
HILLPOT  RECORD  LAYERS. 
Kept  at  top  standard  the  year-’roufid,  such  parent  birds  are 
the  source  of  all  the  satisfaction  and  profit  our  customers 
have  found-year  after  year-in  Hillpot  Quality  Chicks 
LEGHORNS  REDS 
ROCKS  WYANDOTTES 
ORDER  EARLY 
hew  insures  your 
Illustrated  Catalogue 
There  is  heavy  demand  for 
all  breeds.  Your  order  booked 
getting  your  chicks  when  wanted. 
FREE 
Write  today  for  it.  Safe  arrival  of  full  count 
guaranteed  anywhere  within  1,200  miles. 
W.  F.  HILLPOT,  Box  1,  Frenchtown,  N.  J. 
Member  International  Baby  Chick  Association 
Life  Member  American  Poultry  Association 
"Jusla”  S.  C.  W.  Leghorn  Breeding  Plant 
4400  Layers— 2600  Breeders— 4Q0  Certified 
MEMBER—  Cornell- Lon**  island  Poultry  Project  and  New  York  State  Co-op.  Poultry  Certi¬ 
fication  Association,  Inc. 
9000  Chix  per  week.  Eight-Week  Pullets -Spring  delivery. 
Hatching  Eggs,  Choice  Breeding  Cockerels,  *4,  $6,  *8  each/ 
Limited  number  CERTIFIED  Eggs  and  Chix  every  week. 
We  are  large  distributors  of  NEWTOWN  GIANT  Incubators 
and  Colony  Brooders 
JUSTA  POULTRY  FARM 
Southampton,  Long  Island 
lO  Years  “On  the  Square.” 
What  do  you  need  f 
EGGS! 
When  scarce  supply 
Puts  price  sky-high 
Get  tli.m  then— and  prosper.  You'll  count,  profit 
par  *gg  instead  of  per  dozen.  Like  many  others, 
you  can  have  plenty  of  these  right-time  eggB  by 
getting  your 
HATCHING  EGGS 
Finest  Ceckerels,  Pullets  «r  Breeding  Steck 
From 
WORLD'S  CHAMPION  LAYERS 
S.  C.  W.  Leghorns,  S.  C.  R.  I.  Reds.  Wh.  Wysndolle* 
Their  Oflleial  Contest  Leadership  (without  artificial 
lighting)  since  contests  began,  proves  wo  have  the 
strain  for  eggs — profitable  all  year  round,  doubly  so 
in  Winter.  Equally  as  wonderful  as  our  own  Con¬ 
sistent  Contest  Winnings  are  the  .remarkable  proved 
records  reported  by  oar  customers. 
The  splendid  new  1923  edition  of  our  fames  book, 
“THE  STORY  OF  THE  300-EGG  HEN”  tells  the 
whole  story.  Send  10  cents  today  for 
every  page— note  par¬ 
ticularly  the  perform¬ 
ances  of  our  champion 
individuals  and  pens 
during  the  in onth a 
when  egg  production 
elsewhere  was  at  its 
lowest. 
Head 
Most  Profit¬ 
able  Poultry 
Known 
Your  10  cents  will  be  de¬ 
ducted  from  first  order 
PENNSYLVANIA  POULTRY  FARM 
Bet  M,  Lancaster,  Pa. 
w ft o r 0*1?$  S.C.W.  Leghorn  Cockerels 
from  heavy-laying  trap-nested  stock  from  dams 
having  laid  200  or  more  eggs.  85,  $7 .50  and  810 
each.  Hollywood  Strain  direct. 
Alio  •  Few  Nice  s*"0e  Laying  Pullets  at  $4  Each 
Must  please  yon  ormeney  back.  Hatching  eggs  now 
ready  from  high  record  trap-nested  stock  at  lO, 
15  and  20  dollars  per  hundred.  None  better. 
FIVE  POINT  LEGHORN  FARM  Mt.  Ephraim.  N.  J. 
S.  C.  W.  LEGHORNS 
Barron  Strain.  Trapnested  Flocks.  Breeding  pens 
headed  by  cockerels  of  205  to  304-egg  hens.  Breed¬ 
ing  cockerels,  $0  each.  Hatching  eggs,  $9  per  100. 
Baby  chicks.  9120  per  100. 
SUNNYBR00K  POULTRY  FARM  Elizsville,  N.  Y. 
Directly  Imported  Leghorn 
males  head  part  of  our  pure  Barron  Strain  matings. 
Pedigrees  272-288.  Third  importation.  Breeders  are 
selected  also  for  size  and  vigor.  Strong  chicks  and 
fertile  eggs  from  these  and  other  matings  of  grand 
layers.  Safe  arrival  guaranteed.  Write forcirculars. 
R.  T.  EWING _ - _ Atlantic,  Pa. 
WHITE  LEGHORN  PULLETS 
Barron  280-Egg  Strain.  Nice,  Large  Combed  Birds. 
$3.60  each;  $35  for  ten.  Order  from  this  ad.  Satis¬ 
faction  Guaranteed.  UNITED  EGG  FARMS.  Hillsdale  M.Y. 
XOO%  ’Winning 
on  Single  Comb  White  Leghorns 
Thatis  our  reeordat  the  recent  Nassau-Queens  Fair 
1-2  Cockerel,  1-2  Pullet,l-2  Hen.  1  Pen.  Cockerels  $5 
to  $15.  Pullets.  $3  to  $5.  Hens.  $2.50  to  $4  Youngs’ 
strain.  HYMARC  POULTRY  FARM  ,  New  Hyde  Park,  L.  I  ,  N  Y. 
Baby  Cliiclss 
S,  C.  W.  L.  Cornell  strain,  bred  from  vigorous  and 
high  producing  2  and  3-year  old  hens. 
MAURICE  GRUBIN  R.  F.  D.  3  Plainfield,  N.  J. 
Supreme  BABY  CHICKS 
PURE  n  AiiDrn  daaw  *  ■  ■  m  ... 
PURE 
BRED 
w  -  MAME  GROVE  POULTRY  FARM 
Write  for  Booklet.  Iroiihiou,.  y.  j 
Damped  nocks 
U*OWN  LEGHORNS 
WHITE  ROCKS 
HITE  LEGHORN! 
Illll 
S.  C.  WHITE  LEGHORNS 
:  0I!!»e  10  pullets  and  1  cockerel  (27 5 
to  310-egg  dams)  for  $40.  Hatching  Eggs,  $10  per  100 
E.  CLAUDE  .TONES  Craryvllle!  N.  Y 
Vigorous  White  Wyandotte  Cockerels 
C M F STf  w  r  s  ru  r  or  i' ‘,0IV  Winter  layers.  $5  each. 
CHESTER  WEATHEREU.  Jr.  627  Main  St.,  Olean.  N  .» 
--  — _ _ _  l 
White  Wyandottes-Chicks  and  Eggs 
Write  for  price  list.  ANDItB'V  ll.(iHI),  lint?, too, y  f.  it.  n  i 
FOR  SALE— 100  S.  C.  W.  LEGHORN  PULLETS 
Biirron  Strain.  Everyone  laying  when  shipped.  Satis- 
iri'raBr’11- "%%  *«• 
S.  C.  White  Leghorn  cockerels 
from  certified  and  pedigree  hens  and  cocks,  $5.  ,S. 
.  Rhode  Island  Ked  Cockerel*,  Arlington  strain 
K°J?i  h'  ^o-winTimg  stock.  F.ggs,  $10  per  lid.  Prices, 
$5,S8,  $10.  Arthur  li.Ostrom.  Khineheck,  N.Y. 
S.  C.  W  Leghorn  Cockerels  IZJkZ, 
rect,  [ #8  each,  K  O.  B.  THOMAS  ZIM.lI.h.  K.tont.wi,,  K.  i. 
RaiCfiin5Sl¥]PGS  F°r 
109-  #14.  JkELfciON  VAHi\Ey,lluntlNgl«uSlB(lon,  N.F. 
BABY  CHICKS 
From  Davis  Strain  of  Certified 
S.C.W.LEGHORNS 
lor  16  years  have  culled  and  bred  for  size,  vigor 
and  heavy  egg  production.  Strong  chicks  which 
develop  into  prolific  layers  of  large  white  eggs.  Pa¬ 
rent  stock  250  to  315-egg  strain.  No  better  chicks 
Writ#  for  prices.  ARCHER  W.  DAVIS,  Mt.  Sinai.  I  I  ,  N.Y. 
T  if  K  H  O  M  E  O  F 
Jersey  Black  Giants 
Barred  Plymouth  flocks^-  Mammoth  Pekin  Ducks 
Hatching  Fggs,  Day-old  chicks,  Ducklings  Prices 
that  will  interest  you.  Save  dollars  by  answering 
this  advertisement.  BSOOKCSESl  f  ARM.  In  1M, Crasbiiry.il.  J 
Jersey  Black  Giants  "SZttiZ  Ti™ 
Regal  Horens  White  Wyandotte  cockerel  ami  eight  pul. 
lets  Rose  Comb.  «.IU?IIO\  PKARSAI.L,  So.  .New  Berlin,  N.y 
Barred  and  Bull  Rock  Eggs  For  Hatching 
from  hen  hatched,  hen  brooder]  and  free  range  2 and 
.i-yeur-old  stock.  15  eggs,  $2.50  ;  30.  $4  75  100  $12 
JUNIA1A  POULTRY  FARM  .  Richfield,  Pa 
BRADLEY  STRAIN  ONLY.  BARRED  ROCK 
Now  Booking  Order#  For  Eggs 
Dark  Mating  males  are  sons  of  the  first  and 
prize  cockerels  at  Madison  Square  Garden  Show,  m 
Right  mating  males  are  tons  and  birds  direct  froi 
Bradley’s  best  mating*- 
BAYBERRY  FARM.  Southampton,  L.  I.,  N.  Y 
S.  C.  R.  I.  REDS 
Y  ihert  s  289-egg  strain.  All  flocks  trapnested  for  in¬ 
dividual  records  and  pedigreed  breeders.  Breeding 
cockerels,  $5  and  $7  each.  Hatching  Eggs.  $lo 
per  101).  Baby  chicks,  per  100 
SUNNYBROOK  POULTRY  FARM  Elizavllle,  N.Y. 
S.  O.  R.  X.  Reds 
won  first  cockerel  in  class  of  24  at  Vermont  State 
I  onltry  Show.  Large,  vigorous,  even,  dark  red 
cockerel-.  $5;  two  for  $9  Pullets,  $3.  Heavy  lav 
ing  straiu.  F.  W.  SAULT.St,  Albans,  Vermont 
REDS 
c. 
VI  BERT  289  EGG  STRAIN 
Husky,  dark  red  Cockerels,  *5  and  $7 
each.  Hatching  Eggs,  $2.50  setting. 
STIVERS.  VERNON,  NEW  YORK 
S.  C.  R.  I.  REDS 
Vibert’s  289-egg  stock  direct.  Cockerels.  85  and  87 
each.  Hatching  eggs.  810  per  100  i  Chicks,  8«5 
per  100;  813  p.r  50.  ANNA  M.  JONES,  Craryville.  N.  Y. 
