414 
<Ihe  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
March  10,  1923 
J  spent  sa 
pears  in  perfect¬ 
ing  this  Tov.ic. 
Gilbert  Hai 
MJJ..  D.V-J, 
Spring  is  Here 
All  out-of-doors  is  filled  with  the  bleat  of 
the  lamb,  the  bawl  of  the  calf,  the  grunt  of 
the  pig,  and  the  whinny  of  the  colt. 
Youth  asserting  itself  everywhere! 
Keep  their  bodies  healthy,  and  stomachs  full. 
You  can  then  count  on  good  growth — quick 
development — and  begin  to  cash  in  on  them 
before  the  summer-end. 
Let 
DR.  HESS  STOCK  TONIC 
be  your  insurance  policy 
against  disease,  insurance  of  good  appetite, 
good  digestion.  It  keeps  the  worms  away. 
Then,  there  are  the  mothers: 
Your  COWS  need  it  for  its  system-toning, 
bowel-cleansing,  appetizing  effects.  Puts  them 
in  fine  condition  for  calving. 
Your  BROOD  SOWS  will  be  relieved  of  con¬ 
stipation  and  put  in  fine  fettle  for  farrowing. 
Excellent  for  MARES  in  foal — and  EWES 
at  lambing  time. 
It  makes  for  good  appetite,  and  more  milk 
to  nourish  the  offspring. 
Tell  your  dealer  what  stock  you  have.  He 
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25  lb.  Pail,  $2.25  100  lb.  Drum,  $8.00 
Except  in  the  far  West,  South  and  Canada. 
Honest  goods — honest  price — why  pay  more? 
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The  Henyard 
Cpoked  Corn  for  Poultry 
I  have  110  yearlings,  00  R.  I.  Reds; 
the  rest  are  Rocks.  To  start,  1  propose 
to  feed  a  dry  mash  where  they  can  get  it 
at  any  time.  It  is  a  commercial  mash.  I 
am  planning  to  feed  two  quarts  scratch 
in  the  morning,  boiled  oats  at  noon. 
During  the  months  of  December,  Janu¬ 
ary  and  February,  whole  corn  at  night. 
This  whole  corn  I  propose  to  put  in  a 
pail,  add  about  l1/^  quarts  of  water,  put 
on  stove,  bring  to  boiling,  then  put  into 
tireless  cooker,  and  feed  as  late  in  the 
evening  as  possible.  Will  this  make  a 
proper  egg  laying  ration?  You  may  say 
it  is  a  lot  of  work.  c.  A.  W. 
Hammonton,  N.  J. 
If  your  dry  mash  is  of  suitable  com¬ 
position.  your  proposed  plan  of  feeding 
should  give  you  good  results,  though  I 
think  that  you  will  find  uncooked  corn  at 
night  preferable  to  cooked,  even  though 
labor  is  not  an  item  to  be  regarded.  One 
handicap  to  Winter  laying  is  the  long 
night,  during  the  latter  hours  of  which 
the  hen’s  crop  becomes  empty  and  no 
food  is  being  turned  into  heat,  energy 
and  eggs.  The  object  of  artificial  light¬ 
ing  is  to  shorten  this  period  of  inactivity 
by  either  a  late  supper  or  early  break¬ 
fast.  If  lights  are  not  used,  sending  the 
fowls  to  their  perches  with  full  crops  of 
whole  corn  will  at  least  shorten  the 
morning  period  of  emptiness,  since  it  will 
take  some  time  for  this  corn  to  be  digest¬ 
ed.  If  !tbe  corn  is  softened  by  cooking, 
however,  its  time  of  digestion  will  also 
be  shortened. 
1  do  not  know  that  the  comparative 
value  of  cooked  and  uncooked  foods  has 
been  demonstrated  in  the  case  of  laying 
hens,  but  experiments  with  other,  farm 
animals  have  shown  that  cooking  adds 
nothing  to  food  values,  and  that  the  labor 
and  expenses  involved  are  wasted.  This 
will  not  apply  to  steamed  oats  for  fowls, 
however,  as  this  grain  in  its  raw  state  is 
unpalatable  and  contains  a  large  amount 
of  comparatively  indigestible  fiber.  Oats 
are  improved  for  poultry  feeding  by  either 
sproutin"  or  steaming.  M.  b.  d. 
Size  of  House;  Breed  of  Fowls 
I  have  been  thinking  of  building  a 
poultry-house  20x100  ft.,  or  2,000  sq.  ft., 
for  500  layers,  counting  4  sq.  ft.  for  each 
layer.  Is  4  sq.  ft.  supposed  to  be  enough 
room  to  house  these  layers  in  Winter, 
without  letting  them  run  out  of  doors  at 
all,  or  would  it  be  better  to  have  a  cov¬ 
ered  scratch  pen  to  connect  to  laying 
house?  How  many  fowls  would  this 
house  (20xlG0  ft.)  hold  in  the  Summer, 
with  free  range?  Do  you  think  it  is  a 
good  plan  to  have  as  many  as  500  fowls 
in  one  Hook,  or  smaller  coops  and  less 
•fowls?  What  breed  of  fowls  do  you  con¬ 
sider  the  best  for  Winter  layers?  For 
all  around  chickens?  On  these  good-sized 
poultry  farms  where  they  keep  from  1,000 
to  1,500  layers,  do  they  use  coal-burning 
hovers  or  coal  oil  for  brooder  heat?  s. 
A  building  20x100  ft.  in  size  would 
house  500  fowls  when  confined,  and  as 
many  as  could  conveniently  roost  in  it 
when  the  flock  was  on  free  range.  From 
3  to  4  sq.  ft.  jier  fowl  is  the  floor  space 
usually  allowed  in  building;  500  fowls 
can  as  we  1  be  kept  in  one  flock  as  in 
several,  any  gain  from  dividing  being  apt 
to  be  offset  by  increased  labor  in  caring 
for  the  flocks. 
In  (he  laying  contests,  one  breed  some¬ 
times  lays  best  in  Winter,  sometimes  an¬ 
other.  As  the  officially  conducted  con¬ 
tests  haven’t  yet  determined  which  breed 
is  best,  the  question  is  unsolved. 
Breeders  of  White  Wyandottes  believe 
that  they  are  the  best  all  ’round  fowls. 
The  same  statement  holds  true  when  you 
substitute  the  name  of  any  other  breed 
for  “White  Wyandottes.”  The  question, 
like  “Which  make  the  best  housekeepers, 
blondes  or  brunettes?”  has  not  been  sets 
tied  to  the  satisfaction  of  everyone. 
Both  coal-burning  and  oil-burning 
brooder  heaters  are  used  on  large  plants. 
Both  are  successful  and  each  has  its  ad¬ 
vantages.  -  m.  B.  D. 
Potatoes  for  Hens 
1.  What  is  your  opinion  of  feeding 
hens  potatoes?  We  have  a  lot  of  small 
ones,  and  have  been  feeding  35  hens  a 
pan,  either  baked  or  boiled  and  mashed 
up,  together  with  corn  and  oats  ground, 
making  a  dry  warm  feed  for  morning. 
They  like  it,  clean  up  every  bit.  I  have 
been*  told  it  is  injurious  to  feed  hens  po¬ 
tatoes.  Is  it?  Will  they  help  produce 
eggs?  2.  What  is  your  opinion  on  the 
price  of  potatoes?  We  have  about  300 
bushels  for  sale,  mostly  Green  Mountain ; 
have  been  offered  only  00  cents  as  yet. 
Would  you  bold  for  a  higher  price? 
Vermont.  M-  E>  R* 
1.  Potatoes,  either  raw  or  cooked,  are 
suitable  food  for  hens,  fed  in  moderation. 
They  are  of  fattening  nature,  however, 
and'  contain  very  little  of  the  vegetable 
protein  which  makes  wheat  bran,  mid¬ 
dlings  and  other  grain  products  of  special 
value  in  producing  eggs.  If  fed  in  such 
quantity  as  to  lessen  mfirkculy  'the  con* 
sumption  of  high  protein  feeds,  they 
would  be  injurious  from  the  standpoint 
of  egg  production,  though  not  injurious 
to  the  fowls. 
I  am  sorry  not  to  be  able  to  give  you 
anv  advice  of  value  with  regard  to  the 
future  market  for  potatoes.  They  are  a 
good  crop  in  my  immediate  section,  with 
some  rot.  I  have  not  known  of  any 
prices  above  50  cents  per  bushel  being 
offered  here,  or  any  sales  being  made  by 
farmers  at  that  price.  In  my  own  local¬ 
ity.  shipping  has  not  begun,  chiefly  be¬ 
cause  of  the  low  price  offered.  If  I  had 
300  bushels  of  good  potatoes  well  stored, 
1  am  inclined  to  think  that  the/  would 
stay  in  storage  for  a  while.  When  one 
can’t  get  cost  of  production  there  is  lit¬ 
tle  to  lose  by  bolding.  m.  b.  d. 
Feeding  for  Eggs 
My  bens  are  not  laying  well.  They  are 
Black  Minorcas,  ISO  in  number.  Pure¬ 
bred  males  have  been  used  for  several 
years,  also  a  few  sittings  of  eggs  from 
purebred  stock  have  been  procured.  The 
laying  shed  is  15x7  ft. ;  height,  71/-;  ft. 
on  side  toward  roosting  quarters  and  6  ft. 
on  the  opposite  side.  It  has  one  screened 
door  5x2%  ft.  There  are  48  nests  4>uilt 
to  the  walls.  The  roosting  shed  is  15x 
11  y.2  ft.,  with  gable  roof,  the  top  of 
which  is  12  ft.  from  ground.  The  floor  is 
earth,  elevated  well  about  outside  level. 
It  is  often  damp,  necessitating  the  use 
of  a  very  liberal  quantity  of  dry  litter 
for  bedding.  The  roosts  are  10  in  num¬ 
ber,  extending  the  entire  width  of  roost¬ 
ing  shed.  No  dropping  board  is  used. 
There  is  one  door  and  one  window,  the 
door  6x2%  ft.  and  the  window  2%x2 V>  ft. 
Both  are  screened  and  kept  open  except 
in  stormy  weather.  The  building  as  a 
whole  is  far  from  being  draft-proof.  The 
walls,  which  are  made  of  ordinary  lum¬ 
ber,  without  a  covering  for  cracks  and 
crevices,  admit  much  draft  and  driving 
snow.  Bunches  of  corn  stover  set  closely 
against  the  outside  walls  of  the  west  and 
north  sides  help  a  good  deal  toward  mak¬ 
ing  the  wall  a  good  one.  although  the  sur¬ 
face  above  them  is  left  entirely  unpro¬ 
tected.  The  inside  of  walls,  excepting 
east  and  south  sides,  are  covered  over 
with  a  double  thickness  of  ordinary  fer¬ 
tilizer  bags.  The  roof  is  newly  shingled 
and  tight.  The  front,  the  end  of  the 
building  where  two  doors  and  one  window 
are,  faces  the  east,  and  therefore  the  fowls 
get  the  morning  sun  only. 
The  dry  inash  consists  of  Cornell  ra¬ 
tion.  which  is  kept  before  them  nearly  all 
the  time.  In  addition,  about  1  gal.  per 
day  of  scratch  feed  is  given.  The  only 
green  feed  they  get  is  what  they  pick  up 
during  the  time  they  are  out  and  free  to 
roam  wherever  they  please. 
I  want  to  call  your  attention  to  an  ar¬ 
ticle  appearing  on  page  42  of  the  January 
issue  of  Farm  Life.  Are  the  numbers  of 
yolks  and  whites  for  each  given  amount 
of  feed  correct?  I  have  calculated  the 
number  of  yolks  and  whites  in  such  a  ra¬ 
tion  as  modern  poultry  authorities  rec¬ 
ognize  as  being  the  best.  That  ration  is 
composed  of  about  equal  parts,  by  weight, 
of  dry  mash  and  scratch  feed,  and  is  sup¬ 
posed  to  be  a  balanced  one.  It  is.  how¬ 
ever.  not  a  balanced  one  according  to  the 
following  calculation,  which  is  only  my 
own : 
Yolks.  Whites. 
2(1  lbs.  cornmeal  .  57  27 
20  lbs.  ground  oats .  *48  *34 
20  lbs.  bran  .  36  41 
20  lbs.  shorts  . .  46  44 
20  lbs.  beef  scraps .  26  221 
50  lbs.  whole  corn .  127  07 
50  lbs.  wheat  .  124  01 
Totals  . . .  464  525 
*  Estimated  from  the  number  of  yolks 
and  whites  in  whole  oats. 
In  another  article  of  the  same  maga¬ 
zine  someone  suggests  2%  qts.  of  scratch 
feed  daily  for  a  dozen  fowl.  Can  hens 
really  eat  that  much  grain.  Recently  we 
have  incorporated  as  much  as  25  per  cent 
of  beef  scrap  in  our  dry  mash  to  force 
production.  Are  we  acting  wisely?  In 
my  oninion.  we  are  not,  as  according  to 
my  figuring  we  are  feeding  an  excess 
quantitv  of  protein  already.  Am  I  right? 
Maryland.  t.  r. 
I  cannot  see  but  that  you  are  caring 
for  this  flock  in  as  good  a  manner  as  your 
circumstances  permit.  You  recognize  the 
deficiencies  in  the  building  and  ration,  so 
there  is  little  to  be  said  about  them.  If 
you  .have  no  green  stuff  and  do  not  care 
to  sprout  oats,  why  not  give  one  feeding 
daily  of  steamed  or  scalded  oats?  It  your 
mash  is  fed  dry,  it  should  be  kept  before 
the  fowls,  not  '“nearly  all  the  time,”  but. 
all  of  the  time.  They  will  not  eat  too 
much  dry  mash,  and  very  likely  need  to 
eat  more*  than  you  are  giving  them.  Don’t 
try  to  figure  their  ration  in  pounds  and 
parts;  give  them  all  that  they  will  eat. 
If  your  dry  mash  contains  one-fifth  part 
beef  scrap!  by  weight,  you  are  feeding 
enough,  and  more  will  not  be  used  eco¬ 
nomically.  A  light  feeding  of  your  mixed 
grain  in  the  morning,  about  one-fourth 
part  of  the  day’s  supply,  and  the  balance 
at  night,  this  being  all  that  the  fowls  will 
eat.  and  masli  before  them  all  the  time 
will  be  good  practice. 
Y'ou  are  getting  beyond  my  depth  when 
you  figure  the  number  of  whites  and  yolks 
in  a  given  amount  of  food.  How  do  you 
know  what  part  of  this  is  used  to  main¬ 
tain  heat,  supply  energy  and  repair  wasc 
before  any  of  it  goes  into  whites  or 
yolks?  When  it  comes  to  balancing  a  ra¬ 
tion  with  whites  against  yolks.  I  beg  to 
withdraw  gracefully.  m  .  b.  d. 
