454 
The  RURAL.  NEW-YORKER 
March  IT,  1923 
-  What 
Canada 
has  to  offer  YOU! 
If  your  dream  of  success  seems  like  a  hopeless  ambition, 
if  you  are  discouraged  trying  to  get  ahead  on  high  priced 
land,  if  your  present  location  fails  to  give  you  opportunity, 
there  is  a  new  deal  for  you,  a  new  chance  in  the  fertile,  virgin 
farms  of  Western  Canada,  where  wheat  produces  20  to  40 
bushels  to  the  acre,  where  the  1922  crop  was  biggest  in  history, 
where  oats,  barley  and  hay  and  fodder  crops  are  the  basis  of  a  great 
dairy  industry,  and  a  man’s  work  brings  him  success  and  prosperity. 
Low  Priced  Land — the  Last  Great  West 
In  Western  Canada  you  still  can  buy  virgin-prairie  land  at  $15  to  $20 
per  acre,  on  long  terms  if  desired,  near  to  town,  railroads,  etc. — land  such 
as  has  for  many  years  produced  the  world’s  prize  winning  wheat,  oats,  barley,  flax,  rye, 
alfalfa.  Canada  had  no  “war  time”  land  boom;  prices  are  not  inflated  —  you  get 
in  on  the  ground  floor. 
Taxes  Favor  the  Farmer 
as  Values  Increase 
The  tax  laws  of  Western  Canada  encourage 
the  producing  farmer.  The  tax  on  land  is 
reduced  when  it  is  brought  under  cultiva¬ 
tion-while  on  your  buildings,  machinery, 
improvements,  personal  property,  automo* 
bile,  there  is  no  tax  at  all.  A  single  crop  is 
often  worth  more,  acre  for  acre,  than  the 
cost  of  the  land. 
Rent  Now — Buy  Later 
Pay  Out  of  Profits 
Canada  welcomes  the  industrious  settler. 
What  you  have  now  isn’t  so  important.  If 
your  capital  is  small,  or  you  cannot  sell  your 
present  holdings  to  advantage,  rent  a  fertile 
Canadian  farm  and  “try  it  out”  for  a  season 
or  two.  Make  a  good  living,  increase  your 
capital,  and  buy  later.  Farms  may  be  rented 
from  successful  settlers  on  easy  terms;  in 
some  cases  with  option  of  purchase. 
!Buy  on  Exceptional  Terms — 32  Years  to  Pay 
For  the  benefit  of  those  wishing  to  buy  land  a  national  non-profit  sharing  organization— 
the  Canada  Colonization  Association— has  been  established  with  head  office  at  Winnipeg, 
and  United  States  office  at  St.  Paul.  This  Association  offers  selected  land  convenient  to 
railways— much  of  it  at  $15  to  $20  per  acre  — on  very  small  cash  payment;  no  further 
payment  until  third  year;  balance  extended  over  thirty  years, 
but  purchaser  may  pay  up  and  obtain  title  at  any  time  if  de¬ 
sired.  Interest  six  percent  per  annum  on  deferred  payments. 
We  Help  Find  Your  Opportunity 
The  Canadian  Government  maintains  information  bu¬ 
reaus  in  leading  American  centers,  where  you  can  get  frill 
information,  without  cost,  about  all  parts  of  Canada.  The 
men  in  charge  are  Government  officials,  in¬ 
terested  only  in  the  service  of  the 
prospective  settler. 
Get  the  Facts— No  Cost 
MAIL  THE  COUPON.  Let  us  know 
something  of  your  position,  and 
receive  free  book  with  maps,  and 
free  service  of  the  Canadian  Gov¬ 
ernment  Agent  in  your  territory; 
also  information  how  special  rail¬ 
way  rates  can  be  arranged  for  a  trip 
of  inspection. 
Mail  Coupon  to  Assistant 
Deputy  Minister  of  the  Canadian 
Department  of  Immigration 
W.  D.  SCOTT 
Room  105Norlite  Bldg. 
Ottawa,  Canada 
FREE  HOMESTEADS  are  still  available 
in  some  localities.  Canada  welcomes 
Tourists  —come  and  see  our 
country  for  yourself. 
No  Pass¬ 
ports  Reaulred. 
Address  Assistant  Deputy 
Minister,  Canadian  Dept, 
of  Immigration,  W.D.  SCOTT, 
Room105  Norlite  Bldg., 
Ottawa,  Canada. 
Please  send  me  your  FREE  BOOK  on 
I  am  particularly  interested  in 
Western  Canada  <  )  Eastern  Canada 
Renting  t  )  Buying 
Grain  Growing  (  )  Stock  Raieing 
Dairying  (  )  DivereifiedFarraing 
Special  Railway  Rates 
Name.. 
“  . .  . . R.  F.  D.  No . 
U  or  Street  Address 
U  P.  O . . . State.. 
WITTE 
LOG  SAW 
NEW 
IMPROVED 
Steady  running— Fast 
cutting — Practical- 
Durable.  A  Powerful 
Throttling  Governor  En¬ 
gine — Non-Spill  Water  Hop¬ 
per— Lever  Control  of  saw.  — _  — Mr  a  o 
Tree  Saw  parts  extra.  Abet-  k.c. ' 
ter  rig  at  a  lower  price.  Send  From  Pittsburgh  *107. 
for  FREE  Catalog  today.  At  San  Francisco  $123. 
WITTE  ENGINE  WORKS 
1894  Oakland  Avenue,  Kansas  City,  Missouri 
1894  Empire  Building,  -  Pittsburgh,  Penn. 
1 894  Fremont  Street,  -  San  Francisco,  Calif. 
There  Is  only  one  Genuine  CHAMPION 
It  cools  and  aerates  milk  quickly  —  halts 
bacterial  growth,  removes  odors,  insures 
uniform  product.  Write  for  free  folder. 
CHAMPION  SHEET  METAL  CO.,  Inc. 
Successor  to  Champion  Milk  Cooler  Co. 
Dept.  K,  Cortland,  N.  Y. 
Farm  Ditcher 
•  -  i  ii  i  and  Grader 
Works  In  any  soil.  M akes  V-shaped 
ditch  or  cleans  ditches  up  to  four  feet 
deep.  Horses  or  tractor.  Get  my 
great  labor  and  cost  saving  story. 
Owensboro  Ditcher  &  Grader  Co.,  Inc. 
Box  234  Owensboro.  Ky. 
SUNNY  Southern  Jersey  New  York,  Atlantic 
City  cash  markets.  Stocked  farms,  $1,000  up  ;  terms. 
Free  catalog.  JERSEY  AGENCY,  1S4KN  Nsusu  St..  N.  Y.  0. 
When  you  write  advertisers  mt 
The  Rural  New-Yorker  and  you' 
a  quick  reply  and  a  “ square  deal.’ 
sun  • antee  editorial  pass. 
gj 
qr  on 
TRIAL 
Jbn&tuuux 
FULLY 
GUARANTEED 
SEPARATOR 
A  SOLID  PROPOSITION  to  send 
new,  well  made,  easy  running, 
perfect  skimming  separator  for 
$24.95.  Closely  skims  warm  or  cold 
milk.  Makes  heavy  or  light  cream. 
Different  from  picture,  which 
illustrates  larger  capacity  ma¬ 
chines.  See  our  easy  plan  of 
Monthly  Payments 
Bowl  a  sanitary  marvel,  easily 
cleaned.  Whether  dairy  is  large 
or  small,  write  for  free  catalog 
and  monthly  payment  plan. 
Western  orders  filled  from 
Western  points. 
AMERICAN  SEPARATOR  CO. 
Box  3076  Bainbridge,  N.  Y. 
Color  Your  Butter 
Dandelion  Butter  Color”  Gives  That 
Golden  June  Shade  and  Costs 
Really  Nothing.  Read ! 
Before  churning  add  one-half  teaspoon¬ 
ful  to  each  gallon  of  cream  and  out 
of  your  churn  comes  butter  of  Golden 
June  shade  to  bring  you  top  prices. 
“Dandelion  Butter  Color”  costs  nothing 
because  each  ounce  used  adds  ounce  of 
weight  to  butter.  Large  bottles  cost  only 
35  cents  at  drug  or  grocery  stores.  Purely 
vegetable,  harmless,  meets  all  State  and 
National  food  law3.  Used  for  50  years 
by  all  large  creameries.  Doesn’t  color 
buttermilk.  Absolutely  tasteless. 
Wells  &  Richardson  Co.,  Burlington.  Vt. 
Farm  Mechanics 
By  Robert  H.  Smith 
Working  System  of  Carburetor 
In  regard  to  a  Ford  engine,  is  the 
quantity  of  gas  mixture  for  each  cylinder 
increased  when  changing  from  low  to 
higher  speeds  by  opening  the  throttle,  or 
does  it  remain  constant,  as  is  the  case 
with  a  gas  engine?  Explain  why.  Is 
this  true  of  all  other  commercial  cars? 
Why  are  carburetors  designed  to  mix 
gas  and  air  mechanically;  that  is,  by 
dashing  and  whirling  it  through  a  nozzle 
at  a  high  velocity  to  break  it  up  into 
fine  particles,  instead  of  first  completely 
vaporizing  the  fuel  by  heating  it  and  then 
mixing  the  vapor  with  air  of  ordinary 
temperature?  In  my  opinion  gas  in  the 
form  of  vapor  is  more  efficient  than  gas 
in  the  form  of  small  particles.  P.  P. 
Preston.  Md. 
In  regard  t<>  the  Ford  engine,  if  you 
When  your 
tractor  loafs 
Just  between  seasons,  when  there 
is  neither  plowing  nor  harvesting 
to  be  done,  when  help  is  easier  to 
secure,  then  is  the  time  to  make 
real  money  with  a 
Lane  Tractor  Sawmill 
Scattered  through  the  East  are 
thousands  of  isolated  wood  lots  too 
will  open  the  throttle  with  the  hood  up 
you  will  note  that  it  swings  a  little  lever 
located  on  the  outside  of  the  intake  mani¬ 
fold  between  the  carburetor  and  the  cylin¬ 
ders.  This  is  the  outside  portion  of  the 
so-called  butterfly  valve,  which  is  nothing 
more  or  less  than  a  damper,  like  the  one 
that  is  used  in  a  stovepipe,  to  check  the 
draft.  When  the  throttle  is  closed  this 
is  turned  across  the  pipe,  preventing  the 
mixture  of  gas  and  air  from  passing  to 
the  cylinders.  When  the  throttle  is  opened 
the  damper  is  turned  edgewise  in  the  pipe 
and  obstructs  the  flow  of  air  very  little, 
permitting  the  cylinders  to  fill  with  a  com¬ 
bustible  mixture  of  gas  and  air.  By  this 
means  the  quantity  of  fuel  is  increased 
when  the  motor  is  working  hard,  com-  1 
piesxioh  is  carried  to  a  higher  point  and 
the  engine  is  able  to  secure  more  power 
from  the  expanding  gases  on  the  power 
stroke.  This  is  the  common  way  of  reg¬ 
ulating  the  speed  of  cars,  the  quantity  of 
tlie  mixture  being  increased  when  more  j 
power  or  speed  is  desired,  but  the  quality 
or  proportion  of  the  mixture  as  regards 
gas  and  air  remaining  approximately  the 
same. 
One  reason  why  carburetors  are  made 
as  they  are  is  that  the  power  derived  from 
an  engine  depends  to  a  certain  extent 
upon  the  quantity  of  combustible  fuel 
that  it  is  possible  to  crowd  into  the  cylin¬ 
der.  Heating  expands  a  gas.  and  it  would 
not  be  possible  to  get  as  much  combustible 
material  into  the  cylinder  in  this  con 
dition.  The  fuel  also  has  to  he  carefully 
measured,  and  it  is  probably  more  easily 
done  in  the  liquid  form.  Many  engines 
are  now  heating  a  portion  of  their  mixture 
in  the  effort  to  make  a  more  perfect  gas. 
It  is  done,  however,  after  the  fuel  has 
been  atomized  by  the  carburetor,  as  it  is 
more  easily  vaporized  when  in  this  finely  ! 
divided  state.  In  the  ordinary  engine  the 
internal  heat  of  the  cylinder  and  compres¬ 
sion  are  supposed  to  gasify  the  mixture 
drawn  into  the  cylinder. 
Trouble  with  Pump;  Riding  Plow  Attach¬ 
ment 
1.  I  have  a  driven  well  55  ft.  deep. 
■_’-in.  casing,  1 14-in.  pipe,  two  3-in.  cylin¬ 
ders,  about.  5  ft.  below  the  pump  platform. 
Pump  operated  by  windmill.  Pump  seems 
to  pump  hard  and  discharges  water  on 
down  stroke  only.  Tank  is  20  ft.  above 
pump,  and  directly  over  same.  Pump 
makes  a  sound  at  the  spout  like  water 
gurgling  from  a  bottle  or  jug  between 
strokes.  Wihat  can  I  do  to  get  greater 
efficiency?  Never  have  been  able  to  pump 
well  dry  with  an  engine,  but  do  not  have 
a  very  strong  flow  of  water.  2.  Are  the 
riding  attachments  for  a  walking  plow 
practical?  h.  h.  ir. 
1.  From  the  description  furnished  I  am 
unable  to  state  definitely  the  trouble  with 
your  pump.  The  description  leads  me  to 
think  that  the  pump  is  of  the  socalled 
“double-acting”  type,  equipped  with  a 
differential  cylinder,  the  water  being  dis¬ 
charged  to  the  tank  above  by  means  of  a 
three-way  cock  located  below  the  pump 
platform.  In  a  pump  of  this  kind  the 
upper  cylinder  usually  has  approximately 
one-half  the  capacity  of  the  lower  and 
serves  to  equalize  the  flow,  as  half  of  the 
water  flows  to  it  on  the  up  stroke  and  is 
discharged  from  it  on  the  down  stroke. 
If  your  pump  is  of  this  type  and  the  up¬ 
per  cylinder  is  equal  in  size  to  the  lower, 
as  you  say,  it  would  account  for  water 
being  discharged  on  the  down  stroke 
only,  the  up  stroke  serving  to  fill  the 
upper  cylinder,  but  with  no  surplus  left 
to  force  up  the  pipe.  The  gurgling  that 
you  speak  of  may  be  caused  by  several 
conditions.'  Coupled  with  hard  pumping, 
I  would  suspect  that  the  cylinder  was 
placed  too  high  above  the  water  (it 
should  not  be  over  20  ft.,  and  much  closer 
or  submerged  where  possible).  This  may 
be  tested  by  pumping  by  hand,  a  cylinder 
too  far  above  the  water  causing  the  pump 
to  work  with  a  rubbery  feel  and  tending 
to  make  the  handle  fly  back  when  released 
quickly.  An  obstructed  suction  pipe  will 
give  the  same  effect. 
2.  In  regard  to  the  attachment  for  con¬ 
verting  a  walking  plow  into  one  that  may 
be  ridden,  you  will  doubtless  get  better 
satisfaction  from  a  riding  plow  designed 
for  the  purpose,  and  made  with  the  neces¬ 
sary  strength  and  weight  to  enable  it  to 
give  good  service. 
far  from  large  sawmills  to  make 
logging  profitable,  too  small  to  pay 
for  the  installation  of  a  large  unit. 
H  ere  the  Lane  Tractor  Sawmill, 
set  up  and  in  operation  in  eight 
hours,  is  a  real  money  maker. 
Low  in  first  cost,  and  readily  portable, 
requiring  only  the  power  of  a  small 
tractor  to  move  or  run  it,  this  mill  with 
its  capacity  of  8,000  feet  or  500  railroad 
ties  in  eight  hours  is  a  farmer’s  gold  mine. 
If  you  have  a  wood  lot,  or  see  the  great 
opportunities  offered  in  your  neighbor’s 
lots,  write  us. 
LANE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY 
Montpelier  -----  Vermont 
SAW  MILL 
4964 
Jor 
kTractory 
Will  Pay  for 
I  Itself  In  Two  Weeks 
Saves  fuel  and  oil.  Saves  one  man’s 
time  on  all  belt  work.  Makes  tractor 
last  longer.  Can  be  installed  in  twenty 
minutes.  Lasts  for  years.  Write  today  lor  free  literature. 
The  Pierce  Governor  Company 
Dept.  2  ANDERSON.  IND.,  U.  S.  A. 
Play  fair  with  your  farm. 
4  Nourish  your  land — reg¬ 
ularly — with  Nature’s  greatest 
soil-food,  stable  manure.  The 
work  is  easy  with  the  genuine 
NEW  IDEA 
2?eOriginalWide  SpreadingSpreader 
Easy  to  load;  easy  to  haul — and 
spreads  the  manure  evenly,  in  a  thin, 
uniform  blanket.  Positively  the  most 
efficient  and  most  serviceable 
spreader  built. 
Why  experiment  with  imitations?  Write 
today  for  money-saving  prices— and  copy 
of  New  Idea  Cold  m  l 
Seal  Guarantee . 
The  New  Idea 
Spreader  Co. 
'Spreader  Speciallstt" 
Coldwater,  Ohio. 
