478 
The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
March  24,  1023 
You  Spent  Good  Money 
for  Your  Tractor 
Keep  It  in  Qood  Condition 
Only  correct  lubrication  can  keep  youf 
tractor  engine  free  from  destructive  wear 
— full-powered  for  every  purpose.  It 
needs  an  oil  that  retains  its  lubricating 
qualities  at  the  high  operating  heat  of 
tractor  engines. 
Socony  Motor  Oil  keeps  pistons,  cylin¬ 
ders,  valve  mechanism  and  bearings  con¬ 
tinuously  cushioned  with  a  wear-pre¬ 
venting  film  of  pure  lubricant.  Main¬ 
tains  full  compression  and  gets  from  the 
fuel  every  usable  ounce  of  power.  Means 
small  bills  for  repairs. 
The  Socony  Motor  Oil  chart  will  tell 
you  the  correct  grade  for  your  tractor. 
Ask  your  dealer  to  show  you,  or  write  us 
direct. 
Socony  Gear  Oil 
Socony  Cup  Grease 
For  satisfactory  engine  service  and 
economy  of  operation,  buy  all  your 
oils,  greases  and  fuel  under  the  Socony 
Sign. 
STANDARD  OIL  CO.  OF  NEW  YORK 
26  Broadway 
proceed  to  dump  its  contents  upon  the 
ground  and  take  possession  of  it.  As 
every  dairyman  knows,  he  is  often  given 
a  can  belonging  to  a  shipper  in  tempor¬ 
ary  exchange  for  one  of  his  own,  and  he, 
in  other. ways,  comes  into  temporary  pos¬ 
session  of  a  can  belonging  to  someone 
else.  It  seems  that,  not  only  have  the  big 
milk  distributing  companies  employed 
agents  to  hunt  for  these  marked  cans,  . 
but  that  private  “collecting  agencies” 
have  made  a  business  of  holding  up  farm¬ 
ers  who  were  using  cans  with  another’s 
mark  upon  them,  and  exacting  lines, 
which  fines  went  largely,  or  wholly,  into 
their  own  pockets.  The;  law  gave  the  < 
innocent  user  of  a  'milk  can  not  his  own 
no  protection,  and  made  possible,  and 
profitable,  what  it  would  be  fair  to  call 
blackmailing.  While  no"  one  could  object 
to  a  law  protecting  an  owner  in  the  pos¬ 
session  of  his  own  property,  the  use  made 
of  this  one  has  been,  to  .say  the  least, 
unjust.  Complaints  of  the  abuse  of  this 
law  have  come  in  numbers  to  The  Rural 
New-Yorker,  and  John  J.  Dillon  has  in¬ 
terested  himself  actively  in  having  it 
properly  amended  or  repealed.  As  a  mat¬ 
ter  of  fact,  this  law  is  probably  not 
needed,  sections  of  the  farms  and  markets 
law  covering  the  ground  and  giving  milk 
utensil  owners  all  the  protection  neces¬ 
sary.  An  amendment  to  the  law,  satis¬ 
factory  to  milk  dealers  and  removing  the 
opportunities  for  private  graft  in  enforc¬ 
ing  it,  has  been  prepared  and  will  prob¬ 
ably  receive  legislative  sanction.  This 
amendment  provides  that  all  penalties 
collected  in  the  enforcement  of  the  law 
shall  be  reported  monthly  to  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Farms  and  Markets  and 
shall  be  turned  into  the  State  Treasury. 
This  is  expected  to  make  “collections” 
upon  the  part  of  private  agencies  un¬ 
profitable  and  to  put  them  out  of  business. 
The  companies  represented  by  the  New 
York  Milk,  Conference  Boaial  report  the 
collection  of  about  151,000  cans  last  year, 
but  deny  having  used  the  provisions  of 
the  law  unfairly.  M.  B.  D. 
Damage  from  Right  of  Way 
A  sold  B  a  farm,  giving  a  full  -war¬ 
ranty  deed.  About  one  year  later  C 
bought  a  farm  adjoining,  claiming  he  has 
a  right  of  way  independent  and  absolute 
to  cross  at  will  B’s’  farm.  A’s  deed  to  B 
makes  no  mention  of  any  right  of  way 
for  anyone  to  drive,  haul,  or  in  any  way 
ro  make  use  of  a  driveway  across  B’s 
farm.  A  could  not  have  sold  his  farm 
to  B  had  B  known  that  anyone  held  or 
had  a  right  of  way  across  the  farm.  B 
claims  a  damage  of  several  hundred  dol¬ 
lars.  Has  B  a  legal  right  to  ask  A  to 
have  C’s  right  of  way  removed  or  pay 
damages,  as  might  be  apparent,  from  a 
clear  warranty  deed  made  and  acknowl¬ 
edged  in  New  York  State?  C’s  farm  has 
a  public  road  along  one  side  and  across 
one  end.  u.  O.  B. 
The  mere  fact  that  C  claims  a  right  of 
way  across  B’s  farm  does  not  make  A 
liable.  If,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  he  has 
a  right  of  way  and  uses  it  to  the  damage 
of  B.  then  A  must  make  good  his  war¬ 
ranty  n.  T. 
Consolidation  of  Geneva  and  Cor¬ 
nell  Stations. — There  are  several  bills 
before  the  Legislature  now  in  session  at 
Albany  that  are  of  sufficient  importance 
to  warrant  a  glance  at  their  outstand¬ 
ing  features.  ;  While  yet  in  committee 
rooms,  they  may  be  called  forth  at  any 
time  to  adorn  the  State’s  statute  books 
as  full-fledged  laws.  One  of  these  would 
<  fleet  a  consolidation  of  the  State  experi- 
i  lent  stations  at  Geneva  and  Ithaca, 
p’acing  the  control  of  both  in  the  hands 
<f  Cornell  University.  Federal  funds 
low  appropriated  to  both  stations  would 
1  e  absorbed  by  Cornell,  one-tenth  of  the 
whole  amount  being  devoted  to  the  work 
at  Geneva.  The  Geneva  station  would 
ihus  not  be  discontinued,  but  would  be 
made  an  integral  part  of  the  State 'Uni¬ 
versity,  with  its  director,  scientific  work¬ 
ers  and  general  staff  appointed  by  and 
under  the  control  of  Cornell’s  board  of 
directors.  The  university  at  Ithaca 
would  publish  the  results  of  the  work 
done  at  Geneva,  and  the  State  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Farms  and  Markets  would  have 
the  privilege  of  having  analyses  and  other 
scientific  work  in  connection  with  New 
York’s  agriculture  done  for  his  depart¬ 
ment  there.  If  this  bill  becomes  a  law, 
and  those  in  charge  of  it  expect  that  it 
will,  the  consolidation  will  become  effect¬ 
ive  on  July  1  of  this  year.  The  argu¬ 
ment  in  favor  of  consolidation  seems  to 
be  that  overhead  expenses  may  be  re¬ 
duced,  that  duplication  of  some  forms  of 
work  may  be  avoided,  and  that  the  gen¬ 
eral  lay  of  the  land  at  the  Cornell  sta¬ 
tion  is  more  representative  of  New  York 
agriculture  than  is  that  at  Geneva,  where 
horticultural  interests  are  most  prom¬ 
inent.  It  is  believed  that  dairying,  poul¬ 
try  and  general  farm  crop  problems  can 
best  be  worked  out.  at  Ithaca,  leaving 
special  lines,  to  which  it  is  peculiarly 
adapted,  to  the  Geneva  station. 
A  Temporary  Experiment  Station. 
— Another  bill  would  establish  a  second¬ 
ary  experiment  station,  of  possibly  only 
temporary  character,  at  some  strategic 
point  in  the  Hudson  Valley.  Fruit  and 
small  fruit  growers  there  profess  to  be¬ 
lieve  that  their  interests  in  the  matter  of 
experimental  investigations  cannot  be 
properly  cared  for  in  a  section  of  the 
State  where  soil  and  other  conditions 
are  as  different  from  theirs  as  are  those 
of  New  York’s  western  counties,  and 
they  ask  that  laud  and  buildings  be  rent¬ 
ed  in  the  Hudson  Valley  and  scientific 
workers  detailed  to  carry  on  experiments 
there.  For  this  work,  tbe  bill  carries  an 
initial  appropriation  of  $16,800.  Wheth¬ 
er  local  problems  requiring  special  study 
would  ever  be  sufficiently  well  solved  to 
permit  the  discontinuance  of  a  station 
once  established  remains  to  be  seen,  if 
this  bill  becomes  a  law,  and  it  is  expected 
by  those  in  charge  of  it  that  it  will. 
Abolishing  the  Council  of  Farms 
and  Markets. — A  third  legislative  pro¬ 
posal  would  abolish  the  present  Council 
of  Farms  and  Markets  and  make  the 
Commissioner  an  appointee  of  the  Gover¬ 
nor.  The  present  Council  has  powers 
similar  to  those  of  the  Board  of  Regents 
in  education  measures,  its  chief  duty  be¬ 
ing  to  appoint  a  Commissioner  of  Farms 
and  Markets  and  to  keep  the  position  out 
of  politics.  It  is  natural  that  a  newly 
elected  Governor  should  desire  the  priv¬ 
ilege  of  making  this  appointment,  for  the 
good  of  the  service,  of  course,  and  equally 
natural  that  those  who  have  labored  long 
to  wipe  tbe  taint  of  political  favoritism 
from  tbe  Commissioner’s  job  to  desire  the 
retention  of  a  more  or  less  independent 
and  unbiased  body  as  the  appointive  pow¬ 
er.  Whatever  the  preferences  of  those 
interested,  the  chances  that  the  present 
Legislature  will  overturn  the  law  now 
on  the  statute  books  do  not  seem  to  be 
bright. 
Ice  Cream  to  Contain  Cream.— The 
law  regulating  the  manufacture  of  ice 
cream  in  this  State  is  two-faced.  Things 
are  permitted  up-State  which  are  dis¬ 
countenanced  in  the  great  metropolis. 
Complaint  is  made  that  this  double  stand¬ 
ard  renders  law  enforcement  difficult  and 
that  up-State  ice  cream  often  lacks  qual¬ 
ity.  Under  the  present  State  law,  com¬ 
mercial  ice  cream  must  contain  at  least 
8  per  cent  of  milk  fat  and  a  correspond¬ 
ing  amount  of  milk  solids,  but,  when 
eggs,  fruit,  fruit  juices  or  other  confec¬ 
tions  are  added,  the  percentage  of  milk 
fat  may  drop  to  6%  per  cent.  The  sani¬ 
tary  code  of  New  York  City  does  not  per¬ 
mit  this  exception  in  the  case  of  com¬ 
pounded  ice  creams,  and  the  removal  of 
the  clause  in  the  law  permitting  it  will 
place  up-State  ice  cream  upon  a  par  with 
the  city  product,  making,  it  impossible  to 
cut  down  the  required  amount  of  cream 
in  ice  cream  by  the  simple  expedient  of 
throwing  a  raisin  into  the  freezer.  Some 
manufacturers  oppose  this  bill,  of  course, 
but  it  will  receive  the  support  of  dairy¬ 
men  and  of  the  legislators  of  New  York 
City,  and  will  probably  pass. 
Blackmailing  Farmers. — A  section 
of  the  General  Business  Law*  relating  to 
milk  cans  has  been  used  for  something 
very  like  blackmailing  purposes.  Under 
this  law.  no  farmer  has  had  a  right  to 
have  in  his  possession,  without  the  own¬ 
er’s  permission,  a  milk  can  or  bottle 
bearing  another’s  mark.  And  here  is  a 
strange  thing;  anyone  finding  such  milk 
receptacle  in  a  farmer’s  possession  could 
SOCONY  MOTOR  OIL 
TRACTOR  LUBRICATION 
Farm  Bills  in  N.  Y.  Legislature 
