636 
Jht  RURAL.  NEW-YORKER 
April  21,  192:j 
Designers  and  Manufacturers  of 
Equipment 
Alignment 
Device 
Stanchion 
Adjustment 
Arch 
construction 
One  hand 
lock 
Stanchion 
wood 
linining 
Curb 
clamp 
Double  chain 
fastening. 
STAR  stalls  and  stanchions  make  it  easy  for  the  cows  to  be  productive. 
This  equipment  is  designed  to  insure  comfort,  contentment  and  cleanliness 
of  the  herd.  Under  such  ideal  conditions  it  is  only  natural  that  cows  give 
down  in  greater  quantity.  These  extra  quarts  prove  the  wisdom  of  installing 
STAR  Equipment.  Successful  dairymen  will  tell  you  so.  STAR  Bowl 
permits  cow  to  drink  freely — it  fills  as  she  drinks. 
Before  buying  ask  your  STAR  Dealer  for  new  price  list.  You’ll  find  STAR 
Stalls  priced  as  low  as  $6.50  each.  Or  write  direct  to 
HUNT,  HELM,  FERRIS  &.  CO. 
Harvard,  Illinois 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— ALBANY,  N.Y.— LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 
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Oats  and  Peas  for  Silage 
I  would  like  to  learn  Possibilities  of 
peas  and  oats  for  silage,  as  I  would  like 
to  try  some  this  year  for  Summer  feeding. 
What  is  the  best  time  to  cut  it  and  should 
it  he  well  trodden  in  the  silo?  J.  P.  b. 
New  York. 
If  oats  and  Canada  field  peas  are  used 
for  silage  they  should  not  be  harvested 
until  the  oats  are  past  the  dough  stage 
and  the  peas  are  hardened.  The  one 
problem  encountered  in  silage  of  this  char¬ 
acter  is  excessive  fermentation,  and  if 
the  crop  is  cut  too  green  the  material 
burns  in  the  silo.  Often  there  is  an  ad¬ 
vantage  in  cutting  a  part  of  the  oats  and 
peas  and  letting  them  dry  out  somewhat 
previous  to  running  through  the  silage 
cutter  and  into  the  silo.  \ou  will  be 
surprised,  no  doubt,  at  the  color  of  the 
silage  when  it  is  removed  and  fed  to  the 
cows.  It  will  be  very  dark,  if  not  black 
in  color,  and  will  have  a  very  unsavory 
odor,  although  it  is  extremely  palatable. 
The  mixture  to  he  seeded  should  consist 
of  equal  parts  of  oats  and  Canada  field 
peas,  by  measure,  and  they  should  be 
drilled  as  early  in  the  Spring  as  it  is  pos¬ 
sible  to  prepare  the  ground. 
Concerning  (he  feeding  value  of  this 
product,  it  compares  favorably  with  corn 
silage,  but  the  yield  per  acre  will  be  con¬ 
siderably  less.  Under  average  conditions, 
where  one  has  the  silo  capacity,  it  is  more 
economical  to  grow  enough  corn  to  pro¬ 
vide  silage  for  both  Summer  and  Winter 
feeding.  Oats  and  peas  provide  a  fine 
soiling  crop,  and  if  successive  plantings 
are  made  in  the  Spring,  say  10  or  15  days 
apart,  an  abundance  of  palatable  green 
feed  will  be  supplied.  Of  course,  the  cost 
of  daily  cutting  this  material  is  greater 
than  where  the  material  is  run  through 
the  silage  cutter  and  put  into  the  silo. 
Care  must  be  exercised  at  silo-filling  time 
in  order  that  the  solid  mass  in  the  silo 
may  he  kept  level  and  well  tramped.  If 
you  have  some  straw  or  cured  forage  that 
is  not  palatable,  it  can  be  run  into  the 
silo  with  the  corn  if  desired.  This  will 
prevent  excessive  fermentation,  undue 
heating  and  burning,  and  will  increase 
the  palatability  of  the  combination. 
A  Practical  Ration 
I  have  for  roughage  silage  with  much 
corn  in  it,  clover  hay  and  corn  stover. 
The  only  grain  I  have  is  corn,  although 
I  am  buying  locally  oats  at  65  cents  per 
bushel  cottonseed  meal  (41  per  cent)  at 
$60  per  ton,  linseed  meal  (35  per  cent) 
at  $60  per  ton.  wheat  bran  at  $35  per 
ton,  middlings  also  at  $40.  H.  H. 
Pennsylvania. 
With  clover  hay,  silage  and  corn  stover 
for  roughage,  and  assuming  that  you  will 
use  cornmeal  rather  than  corn-and-cob 
meal,  a  combination  consisting  of  250  lbs. 
of  corn,  200  lbs.  oats.  200  lbs.  bran,  150 
lbs.  linseed  meal  and  200  lbs.  43  per  cent 
cottonseed  meal  will  give  you  a  22  per 
cent  protein  feed. 
Even  though  the  41  per  cent  cottonseed 
meal  sells  for  the  same  rate  per  ton  as 
the  35  per  cent  linseed  meal,  I  should 
include  some  of  both  of  those  ingredients 
in  any  mixture  intended  for  dairy  cows. 
It  is  the  raw  linseed  oil  as  well  as  the 
protein  that  is  necessary  to  tone  the  sys¬ 
tem  and  establish  satisfactory  assimila¬ 
tion.  Bran  at  $35  per  ton  would  be  pre¬ 
ferable  to  bran  with  middlings  at  $40  a 
ton.  Actually  standard  middlings  today 
are  nothing  but  ground  bran.  One  chief 
function  of  bran  is  to  provide  both  hulk 
and  mineral  matter,  and  for  use  with 
dairy  cows,  especially  where  oats  are  in¬ 
corporated  in  a  ration  to  induce  chew¬ 
ing,  it  is  well  known  that  bran  is  superior 
to  middlings. 
Mindful  of  your  suggestion  that  it  is 
impossible  to  buy  either  brewers]  grains 
or  corn  germ  meal,  we  have  limited  the 
concentrates  to  cottonseed  meal  and  lin¬ 
seed  meal.  More  variety  would  perhaps 
make  the  combination  more,  palatable, 
but  not  necessarily  more  nutritious. 
Whey  for  Calves 
I  am  going  to  raise  two  Holstein  heifer 
calves,  and  would  like  advice  on  feeding 
them.  We  send  our  milk  to  the  cheese 
factory,  so  have  no  milk  to  feed  them 
after  they  are  three  weeks  old.  Is  whey 
good  to  feed  them,  and  what  kind  of  grain 
and  how  much  at  a  feeding?  We  have 
plenty  of  nice  clover  hay  as  soon  as  they 
are  old  enough  to  eat  it.  F.  p.  H. 
Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y. 
Whey-fed  calves  will  scarcely  make  as 
rapid  gains  as  those  fed  skim-milk,  but 
nevertheless,  it  provides  a  splendid  source 
of  nutriment  for  growing  youngsters.  At 
the  Wisconsin  Station  eight  calves  were 
changed  from  whole  milk  to  whey  when 
three  weeks  of  age.  and  when  provided 
with  a  mixture  consisting  of  three  parts 
of  cornmeal,  three  parts  of  middlings  and 
four  parts  of  linseed  meal,  with  legume 
hay  for  roughage,  gained  an  average  of 
1.48  lbs.  per  day.  The  allowance  of  whey 
was  gradually  increased  from  4  lbs.  to 
14  lbs.  per  head,  and  the  calves  were  on 
full  allowance  of  whey  when  six  weeks 
old.  The  companion  lot  of  calves  that 
were  fed  skim-milk  gained  1.68  lbs.  per 
day.  Whey  does  not  carry  as  much  pro¬ 
tein  as  skim-milk,  and  this  is  why  the 
liberal  allowance  of  linseed  meal  is  pro¬ 
vided. 
If  you  have  an  abundance  of  nice  clover 
hay  and  will  keep  this  before  the  calves 
at  all  times,  and  will  provide  as  much  as 
14  lbs.  of  whey  per  calf  per  day  after 
they  have  become  accustomed  to  this  ra¬ 
tion,  and  will  also  supplement  it  with  a 
grain  ration  as  suggested  above,  your 
calves  will  growr  and  gain  in  a  satisfactory 
manner.  No  doubt  the  Wisconsin  Sta¬ 
tion  would  be  very  glad  to  send  you  their 
recent  bulletin  on  calf  feeding,  which  con¬ 
tains  much  helpful  information. 
Ration  Deficient  in  Protein 
I  am  having  feed  for  cows  ground,  and 
would  like  to  get  as  near  as  possible  24 
per  cent  protein  from  home-grown  grain. 
I  am  having  my  grist  ground  as  follows : 
20  bu.  oats,  6  bbls.  cm'n  on  cob,  adding 
500  lbs.  of  bran.  What  protein  am  I 
receiving,  and  how  can  I  improve? 
New  York.  w.  l*. 
Combining  oats,  corn  and  bran  in  the 
proportions  you  have  suggested  would 
produce  a  ration  deficient  in  protein  and 
ill-suited  for  the  production  of  milk.  It 
would  be  impossible  to  compound  these 
ingredients  in  such  a  manner  as  to  pro¬ 
duce  a  24  per  cent  protein  feed.  Both 
corn  and  oats  are  carbohydrate  carriers, 
and  bran  in  itself  only  carries  14  per 
cent  protein.  It  would  be  necessary ,  for 
you  to  add  some  concentrates  rich  in  pro¬ 
tein.  We  propose  that  you  combine  th<* 
ingredients  as  follows:  200  lbs.  corn  and 
cob  meal,  150  lbs.  bran,  150  lbs.  oats.  200 
lbs.  cottonseed  meal,  200  lbs.  linseed  meal. 
100  lbs.  gluten  meal.  It  is  assumed  that 
you  have  a  good  roughage,  such  as  clover 
or  Alfalfa  hay,  and  that  you  have  enough 
silage  to  use  until  grass  is  available. 
Otherwise  the  use  of  moistened  beet  pulp 
would  make  the  mixture  more  palatable 
and  more  satisfactory  for  high-producing 
animals.  Any  attempt  to  produce  mill: 
on  a  ration  exclusively  of  oats,  corn  and 
cob  meal  and  bran  would  he  expensive 
and  unsatisfactory.  The  cows  would  ap¬ 
pear  in  good  condition,  carry  an  abund¬ 
ance  of  flesh,  but  they  would  be  marking 
time,  since  these  three  ingredients  would 
not  provide  enough  protein  for  main  to 
nance,  let  alone  that  amount  required  for 
profitable  production. 
Milk  Fever;  Letting  Calf  Run  with  Cow 
1.  Will  you  tell  me  the  causes  of  “milk 
fever’’  with  cows,  if  there  is  any  preven¬ 
tion?  2.  Is  it  desirable  to  allow  new¬ 
born  Jersey  calves  to  run  with  their  moth¬ 
ers  until  they  are  two  or  more  weeks  old, 
or  is  it  preferable  to  take  the  calf  away 
from  the  cow  and  only  allow  it  to  suck 
at  the  same  time  you  are  milking  the  cow? 
New  York.  a.  c.  m. 
1.  The  so-called  milk  fever  is  only  en¬ 
countered  among  heavy  producing  cows. 
Usually  it  is  encountered  during  the  third 
or  fourth  lactation  period.  The  mainte- 
ance  of  cows  in  high  condition  and  the 
continuing  of  relatively  heavy  rations  up 
to  calving  time  is  believed  to  be  respon¬ 
sible  for  this  condition.  Instances  have 
been  reported  where  milk  fever  has  been 
encountered  previous  to  calving,  but. 
usually  it  follows  12,  24  or  36  hours  after 
parturition.  The  precaution,  of  course, 
is  to  reduce  the  grain  ration  previous  to 
calving,  thin  down  the  'blood  through  the 
agency  of  Epsom  salts  or  other  purgative. 
The  cow  should  not  be  milked  out  thor¬ 
oughly  dry  following  calving,  but  the 
amount  of  milk  should  be  gradually  re¬ 
moved.  After  the  milk  fever  is  encoun¬ 
tered  the  use  of  oxygen  can  he  resorted 
to  with  Surprising  results.  As  soon  as 
the  cow  evidenced  any  tottering  or  weak¬ 
ening  in  her  hind  quarters  the  udder 
should  be  pumped  up  as  tight  as  a  drum 
with  oxygen  or  air,  and  this  should  be 
confined  by  taping  the  teats  until  relief 
is  evidenced.  If  any  attempt  is  made  to 
drench  the  cow  with  stimulants,  mechan¬ 
ical  pneumonia  is  apt  to  result.  The 
oxygen  treatment  is  practically  all  that 
is  necessary  to  restore  normal  conditions. 
Precaution,  of  course,  is  better  than  at¬ 
tempts  to  remedy  the  condition  after  it 
appears.  Reducing  the  grain  ration  to 
practically  beet  pulp  and  bran  with  no 
silage,  with  some  clover  and  Alfafa  hay 
is  proposed.  The  blood  also  should  be 
cooled  and  thinned.  If  you  have  a  cow 
that  is  afflicted  with  milk  fever,  you  can 
rest  assured  that,  she  is  a  good  cow  and 
a  profitable  producer  of  milk. 
Personally  I  prefer  to  take  the  calf 
away  from  the  cow  on  the  third  day,  and 
under  no  circumstances  should  the  _cow 
be  milked  out  dry  during  this  period.  If 
the  feed  is  reduced  during  this  period  the 
chances  are  that  milk  fever  will  not  make 
its  appearance. 
The  Houston  Post  says  that  a  wildcat 
weighing  45  lbs.  was  killed  by  Fontain 
Malone  10  miles  north  of  Orange,  on  the 
Lemonville  road,  recently.  The  vicious 
cat  gave  two  bloodhounds  a  fight  for  their 
lives  after  a  three-hour  chase,  and  suc¬ 
ceeded  in  wounding  one  of  the  dogs  before 
he  was  finally  shot. 
