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=  His  Own  Builder  i 
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1  THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER  1 
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When  you  write  advertisers  mention 
The  Rural  New-Yorker  and  you’ll  get 
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Live  Stock  Matters 
Conducted  By  Prof.  F.  C.  Minkler 
Grain  Ration  with  Pasture 
I  wish  a  ration  for  a  mixed  herd  of 
cattle  on  pasture  which  will  contain  glu¬ 
ten,  cottonseed  meal,  linseed  oilmeal, 
wheat  bran  and  a  mixture  of  corn  and 
cob  meal  and  oats  (nine  bushels  of  corn 
on  cob  to  7 Yj  bushels  oats).  f.  A.  Y. 
New  York. 
If  your  cows  have  access  to  luxuriant 
pasture  grass,  a  very  satisfactory  grain 
ration  for  Summer  use  would  result  from 
combining  the  ingredients  mentioned  in 
the  following  proportions:  Corn  and  cob 
meal.  400  lbs. ;  ground  oats,  2(H)  lbs.  ; 
cottonseed  meal.  200  lbs. ;  bran*  100  lbs. ; 
gluten  meal,  100  lbs. 
It  would  not  be  necessary  to  use  any 
of  the  linseed  meal  nor  very  much  wheat 
bran  during  the  Summer,  especially  if  a 
unit  of  protein  chances  to  be  cheaper  in 
cottonseed  meal  and  gluten  meal  than 
from  linseed  meal.  This  ration  is  a  safe 
one  to  feed  in  conjunction  with  grass, 
and  will  not  be  as  washy  as  certain  com¬ 
binations  that  might  be  compounded  if 
linseed  meal  were  incorporated  in  the 
mixture. 
Ration  for  Cows 
I  send  a  sample  of  cow  feed  and  would 
like  like  your  opinion  on  it.  f.  v.  ii. 
Pennsylvania. 
The  sample  of  feed  that  you  submitted 
apparently  is  a  combination  of  ingredi¬ 
fell  the  other  day  and  split  this  bunch 
open,  leaving  it  suppurating  and  the  en¬ 
tire  leg  swollen  and  stiff.  We  have 
washed  it  with  hot  water  containing  an 
antiseptic  and  bound  it  up.  Would  con¬ 
crete  floors  cause  this,  or  should  we 
look  elsewhere  for  the  trouble?  c.  R.  p. 
New  York. 
The  so-called  “bunches”  referred  to  as 
appearing  on  the  knees  of  your  cows  had 
best  be  let  alone.  Any  attempt  to  release 
the  accumulated  matter  would  only  result 
in  its  enlargement  or  possible  exaggera¬ 
tion  of  the  trouble.  Aside  from  being 
unsightly  it  is  not  injurious.  At  the  out¬ 
set  oftentimes  enlargements  of  this  char¬ 
acter  can  be  reduced  through  the  use  of 
iodine; ‘but  this  treatment  is  not  advised 
where  the  condition  is  of  long  standing. 
The  condition  is  brought  about  where  an 
insufficient  amount  of  bedding  is  given 
cows  that  are  stanchioned  on  concrete 
floors.  In  case  the  wound  ruptures  it 
should  be  cleansed  thoroughly  with  an 
iodine  solution. 
Handling  40-Herd  Dairy 
I  have  the  management  of  a  dairy  of 
about  40  cows  where  nearly  all  feed  is 
bought.  Shall  grow  a  small  amount  of 
Alfalfa  and  have  corn  silage  next  Win¬ 
ter.  What  would  be  the  best  grain  mix¬ 
ture.  cheapness  considered  as  much  as 
possible?  There  is  not  much  pasture. 
Maryland.  ii.  J.  n. 
This  shows  Mr.  C.  W.  Danforth  of  Maine  and  his  “cosset”  sheep.  Sorry  Mr.  Dan- 
forth’s  head  was  cut  off  by  the  camera — but  that  is  the  safest  kiud  of  decapitation. 
The  sheep  is  three  years  old  and  broken  to  harness.  She  can  really  haul  a  good 
load,  and  clipped  9%  lbs.  of  wool. 
ents  that  show  a  high  fiber  content.  It 
would  seem  that  there  is  a  generous 
amount  of  oat  hulls  as  well  as  flax  plant 
by-product  in  the  combination.  One  is 
never  justified  in  using  mixed  feeds  of 
this  character  and,  if  you  chance  to  pur¬ 
chase  a  ready  mixed  feed,  by  all  means 
select  oire  that  will  carry  at  least  20  per 
cent  of  protein  and  not  more  than  10  per 
cent  of  fiber.  If  your  cows  are  on  grass 
a  home-mixed  combination  of  400  lbs.  of 
corn  and  cob  meal.  200  lbs.  oats,  200  lbs. 
43  per  cent  cottonseed  meal,  200  lbs. 
gluten  feed  will  give  you  good  results. 
If  the  cows  are  in  milk  this  ration  will 
suffice ;  but  if  they  are  dry  it  can  be 
limited  to  corn  and  oats,  with  10  per  cent 
of  linseed  meal  added. 
Machine  for  Feed  Mixing 
I  am  a  farmer  and  believe  in  mixing  my 
own  feeds.  Is  there  a  machine  on  the 
market  suitable  for  my  use?  G.  L.  s. 
New  York. 
It  is  doubtful  whether  you  would  be 
justified  in  installing  a  feed  mixing  ma¬ 
chine.  The  initial  expense  involved  is 
considerable,  and  in  a  great  many  in¬ 
stances  they  are  not  regularly  used  after 
being  installed.  While  they  simplify 
home  mixing  their  operation  involves 
more  or  less  expense  and  annoyance.  I 
would  either  chance  some  one  of  the  bet¬ 
ter  grades  of  compounded  feed  or  con¬ 
tinue  shovel  mixing,  which,  after  all.  is 
not  a  difficult  task.  Their  use  suggests 
the  possibility  of  one  more  piece  of  ma¬ 
chinery  getting  out  of  repair  and  needing 
attention. 
A  few  years  ago  an  attempt  was  made 
to  put  out  a  machine  that  would  grind 
concentrates  as  well  as  roughages.  The 
distributors  claimed  that  ground  rough- 
age  was  superior  to  bulk  roughage,  and 
sold  a  great  many  farmers  on  this  false 
idea.  It  is  difficult  indeed  to  find  a  ma¬ 
chine  that  will  grind  roughages  and  con¬ 
centrates  satisfactorily,  and  in  reality 
very  little  is  to  be  gained  by  cutting  or 
grinding  hay  intended  for  dairy  cows. 
It  does  not  seem  to  me  that  a  farmer  with 
a  small  number  of  cows  would  be  justified 
in  going  to  the  expense  of  installing  a 
feed  mixing  machine. 
Bunches  on  Cow’s  Knees 
We  have  several  cows  with  bunches  on 
the  knee  which  seem  soft  and  sore.  One 
While  there  is  nothing  quite  as  help¬ 
ful  to  a  cow  during  the  Summer  as  lux¬ 
uriant  pasture  grass  the  dairyman  whose 
acreage  is  limited  must  resort  to  other 
sources  for  succulence  and  concentrates. 
Most  dairymen  dislike  to  feed  beet  pulp 
or  silage  during  the  Summer.  Neverthe¬ 
less*  it  is  quite  as  important  that  a  cow 
be  provided  with  succulence  during  the 
Summer  as  it  is  that  she  be  fed  silage 
during  the  Winter.  Experience  has  satis¬ 
fied  many  dairymen  that  the  growing  of 
soiling  crops  is  an  expensive  practice. 
Where  the  pasture  is  limited  the  best  so¬ 
lution  centers  around  the  use  of  silage 
during  the  entire  year.  A  smaller  silo 
for  Summer  and  a  larger  one  for  Winter 
should  be  provided,  if  possible. 
In  the  absence  of  silage  beet  pulp  is 
next  in  line  and  can  be  economically  fed 
during  the  entire  seasons  of  the  year. 
With  Alfalfa  and  corn  silage  available 
next  Winter  and  assuming  that  the  cost 
of  concentrates  will  bear  right  relation¬ 
ships  it  is  proposed  that  arrangement  be 
made  to  feed  the  following  mixture  :  300 
lbs.  cornmeal.  200  lbs.  bran,  150  lbs.  lin¬ 
seed  meal,  150  lbs.  cottonseed  meal,  200 
lbs.  gluten  feed.  This  combination  com¬ 
bines  variety  and  palatability  in  the  right 
proportion  and  yields  a  21  per  cent  mix¬ 
ture,  although  it  is  faulty  since  it  re¬ 
quires  the  dairyman  to  purchase  all  the 
feed  with  the  exception  of  the  cornmeal. 
If  you  grow  oats  then  you  can  substitute 
for  a  part  of  the  'bran.  If  you  have 
enough  Alfalfa  to  feed  it  exclusively  then 
the  amount  of  protein  concentrates  can 
be  substantially  reduced,  and  a  ration 
that  yields  about  IS  per  cent  of  protein 
can  be  substituted. 
The  farmer  who  buys  at  least  a  portion 
of  his  concentrates  during  the  Summer 
usually  finds  that  he  has  put  them  in 
storage  during  the  period  of  the  year 
when  their  cost  per  ton  is  the  least.  In 
about  seven  years  out  of  ten  records 
show  that  the  month  of  May  is  a  good 
time  to  buy  feeds  for  Winter  use. 
Thriftless  Bull  Calf 
I  bought  an  Ayrshire  bull  calf  last 
November  at  six  weeks  old.  Have  fed  it 
skim-milk,  kept  it  clean,  dry  and  warm  ; 
plenty  of  clover  and  Timothy  hay,  fresh 
water  twice  a  day,  and  one  pound  daily 
of  a  mixture  of  cornmeal,  ground  oats, 
bran  and  linseed.  Fie  has  a  good  appetite 
June  :;o,  192:; 
and  looks  well,  but  is  lazy  and  hates  to 
move;  seems  a  little  stiff  in  his  hind 
parts.  j.  l.  s. 
New  York. 
•It  would  se*em  that  the  Ayrshire  bull 
calf  in  question  was  fed  extravagantly 
on  skim-milk  and  roughage  and  not 
given  enough  concentrates  to  enable  him 
to  grow  and  gain  as  rapidly  as  desired. 
The  chances  are  that  when  this  bull  can 
be  given  the  run  of  a  pasture  lot  and.  in 
addition,  fed  generously  of  a  grain  ra¬ 
tion  now  being  used  he  will  assume  a 
form  and  growth  that  will  he  pleasing. 
The  fact  that  he  is  lazy  and  moves  with 
some  pain  indicates  incomplete  nutrition. 
Make  sure  that  he  is  not  annoyed  by  lice 
and  increase  the  grain  ration  tliat  you  are 
now  using  up  to  two  and  a  half  pounds 
per  day.  Use  clover  hay  exclusively, 
rather  than  clover  and  Timothy,  and  get 
(he  cnlf  out  in  the  sunshine  and  let  linn 
have  the  run  of  a  pasture  paddock  if  at 
all  possible. 
BOYS  AND  GIRLS 
List  of  June  Contributors 
These  are  the  readers  who  answered  the  May 
Page  before  this  one  went  to  the  printer.  Tii'e 
name  itself  indicates  that  a  letter  was  received 
from  that  boy  or  girl.  Following  each  name  is 
the  age,  wherever  given,  and  a  series  of  alpha¬ 
betical  symbols  referring  to  various  contribu¬ 
tions,  according  to  the  following  key: 
b — Words  for  the  box. 
d — A  drawing, 
e — An  essay. 
g — A  game.  *• 
k — A  new  book  puzzle. 
1 — Correct  answer  to  last  book  puzzle, 
m — A  new  nature  puzzle, 
n — Correct  answer  to  last  nature  puzzle, 
o — An  original  poem. 
P — A  photographic  picture, 
r — A  rhyme  for  drawing, 
s — A  story. 
t — Signs  of  Spring  list, 
v — A  memory  verse, 
x — Correct  answer  to  last  riddle, 
z — A  new  riddle. 
Connecticut:  Stella  Rich  (15,  d.  n),  Wil¬ 
liam  Policar  (9,  n),  Margaret  Kimberly  (12.  b. 
d.  n),  Hetty  Kamsey  (10,  p),  Mary  Barbarchek 
(12,  d,  r,  z),  Helen.  Truesdell  (13,  k,  m.  n). 
Charles  Stefanee  (12,  d,  1,  n),  Elizaheth  Steed 
(13,  d,  1,  n,  r),  Vivian  Bushnell  (12,  d.  n), 
Annie  Mayers  (14,  d),  Mabel  Seymour  (v). 
Anna  Folk  (d,  k,  n).  Milton  Anderson  (9  d) 
Susan  LeGendre  (12,  n,  p),  Anna  Doublik  (10, 
m,  n),  Alice  Stevens  (m.  n,  o,  z),  Lueilln  Main- 
waring  (1,  n),  Vera  Bushnell  (13.  (  ,  g.  n,  r). 
Delaware;  Gwendolyn  Marshall  (1,  z) 
Florida:  Nettie  Young  (10,  1),  Ruth’ Young 
(In,  d). 
Illinois:  Mabel  Ahrens  (14,  1,  n,  r). 
Louisiana:  Eugenie  Davignon  (1). 
Maine:  Mardel  Launt  (15,  1),  Alice  Cray  (1 
d).  Ormand  Dow  (13,  d). 
Maryiand:  Clara  Cox  (n,  v),  Anna  Hales, 
Charlotte  James  (10,  d). 
Massachusetts:  Myrtis  Dill  (12,  d,  m,  n  z) 
Ann  Southwiek  (9,  r),  Elizabeth  Field  ’(7’d)’ 
Florence  Field  (9,  d,  n),  Evelyn  Sylvia  (11  d 
r),  Aileen  Leclair  (12.  1.  n),  Beatrice  Stevens 
(b,  k.  1.  n.  r,  z),  Mildred  Gillfether  (n,  r) 
Evelyn  Haskell  (13.  d,  c.  m,  n),  Julia  Buzzell 
<12'  ,1'  lI!arb;lra  Wilson  (10.  n),  Caroline 
Powell  (13,  b,  d,  m,  n,  r.  z).  Harriet  Brewer 
(7  o)  ’  BCtty  l0rd  (1°'  k)'  Haniet  Milligan 
Michigan:  Agnes  Berglund  (14,  d  1  n) 
Elizabeth  Wagner  (12,  d,  o),  Milo  Brown' 
(12,  z). 
Missouri:  Freddie  Backliaus  (10,  d) 
New  Hampshire:  Earl  Anderson  (Hi  b  1  n 
°'  r’,,A)’  Pai’Ia  Hartfiel  (d,  v),  Patricia  Saw¬ 
yer  (10,  n),  Mildred  F'rench  (d) 
New  Jersey:  Laura  Mixner  (14.  d),  Robert 
Roth  (11,  d,  n),  June  Herder  (11,  r,  z),  Harriet 
Clark  (10,  m  n),  Thelma  Mingin  (1),  Zelda 
Evans  (d),  Eleanor  Bra.v  (12.  d,  n)  Harriet 
Beach  (d),  Walter  Wittman  (9,  d),  Anna  Per- 
rong  (15.  d,  1,  p,  r).  May  Wright  (14) 
New  York:  Eleanor  Smith  (14,  d  1  n) 
Gladys  Ellison  (12,  o),  Esther  Root  (e  1  n) 
Alice  Williams  (11,  d,  n),  Allene  William’s  (l' 
">•  Dorothy  Berry  (d),  Dorothy  Lee,  Milton' 
Berns  (10),  Peggy  Shaw  (d,  1),  Helen  Blair  (It, 
o),  Dorothy  Fisher  (o),  Helen  Barry  (16  (|) 
Charlotte  Saar  (12,  d),  Esther  Merwin  ’  (1) 
Josephine  Gierisch  (9,  d).  Muriel  Hedges  no’ 
d.  z).  Margaret  Carroll  (12.  d.  z).  Dawn  Wil- 
<n-  d-n)  Elizabeth  Phelps  (9,  d),  Gladys 
1  eldberg  (1_,  d,  n,  r,  v),  Elizabeth  Workman 
(.e.-  b,  “)*  Mildred  Wilson  (16.  d).  Elizabeth 
Aker  (9,  n),  Franklin  Aker  (6,  d),  Eleanor  Her¬ 
bert  (1.  m,  n.  r),  Margaret  Parris  (11,  d  n ) 
Curiotta  Baker  (16,  d,  e.  1,  n),  Dorothy  Denton 
(12,  d.  1,  v),  Olive  Hetherlev  (11,  d,  n)  Mil 
dred  Deniston  (11,  d),  Jennie  Beatty  (n),  James 
Curry  (7,  d),  Alice  Vaughn  (12,  d),  Chester 
Swanson  (10,  d),  Alfrieda  Deyoe  (13.  d  1  n) 
Edna  Halterman  (15,  1),  Randall  Miller  (15  d)’ 
Althea  Stevens  (10,  n.  r).  Mildred  Riehl  ’(n)’ 
Fanna  Chase  (10,  d),  Edna  Carlson  (13,  d,  n 
r),  Mabel  Hewson  (11.  d),  Carl  Ratsch  (9,  d)' 
Robert  Stix  (6,  d).  Earl  Canfield  (11,  d),  Mabel 
Bassler  (12,  m),  Dorothy  Story  (15,  b.  d,  n) 
Ruth  Smith  (e,  n),  Lillie  Sprague  (11,  b  d  n) 
Edwin  Hafker  (d),  Ethel  Ro.vee  (d),  Adelaide 
Hilbert  (k),  G.  E.  S.  (13,  r),  George  Ackerman 
(10,  r),  Kathleen  Breen  (14,  e,  1,  n)  Lucille 
Freenmantle  (16,  e,  1,  n),  Verna  Colvin  (13  d 
n,  p),  Aili  Rantanen  (11,  n),  Marv  Wilbur  (11 ' 
d,  1,  u),  Ruth  Knight  (11,  d),  Isabel  Hoffman 
(12,  d),  Janet  Ingersoll  (8,  d),  Marv  Pavlichek 
(12),  Hazel  Duntz  (16,  d,  m,  n),  Emilie  Skid¬ 
more  (14,  v). 
Ohio:  Isabel  McLaughlin  (8.  n),  Marian 
Sweet  (15,  1),  Pauline  Miller  (b,  1,  n),  Jessie 
McConnell  (n),  Leona  McConnell  (12,  m,  n,  v), 
Mary  Browne  (11.  d),  Mildred  Poole  (d,  r) 
Demaris  Chapin  (11,  n),  Charlotte  Bell  (7  d,  r). 
Oklahoma:-  Eleanor  Henderson  (13,  e.  k, 
l,  n),  Mary  Lasle.v  (12.  d). 
Pennsylvania:  Sara  Sponagle  ill,  d,  r,  v,  z), 
Lucy  Chase  (14,  n),  Marianne  Pacano— ski  (17, 
d,  r),  Howard  Cogswell  (8,  d),  Edna  lioss  (12. 
d.  n,  z),  Anna  Ross  (9,  d),  Alma  Hemphill 
(d),  Margaret  Farabaugh  (b,  n,  r,  v),  Mar 
garet  Rergeson  (10,  d),  Clara  Ritier  (12.  d), 
John  Reynolds  (d.  n),  Elinor  Dible  (d,  m). 
Sadie  Hower  (14.  b.  k.  m,  n.  r),  Mary  Hower 
(8.  d),  Stuart  Fiehtborn  (r.  z).  Angem'ae  West 
(12,  d),  Vesta  Harner  (13,  b),  Clara  Hower  (13, 
d.  n),  Clarence  Heft  (9,  d),  Rose  Coil  (11), 
Gladys  Hall  (13,  1,  n),  Miriam  Kacbel  (13,  d. 
m.  n). 
Rhode  Island:  Louise  Judge  (10,  n,  o,  r). 
Hazel  Bailey  (12.  d,  n).  Hazel  Stone  (d). 
South  Carolina:  Margie  McIntyre  (11.  d). 
Vermont:  Margaret  Whitney  (12,  d.  in), 
Mildred  Whitney  (10,  in),  Evelyn  Thomas 
(12,  d). 
Virginia:  Pauline  Artz  (1.  n),  Myra  Stevens 
(11,  d),  Annie  Caljoma  (15,  d). 
West  Virginia:  Nellie  Eib  (d.  v),  Everett 
Alexander  (11,  b,  k.  1,  z).  Wilbur  Kidney  (12. 
b.  d.  m.  o,  p,  r,  z),  Marie  Legge  (11.  d).  Goldie 
Legge  (14,  d),  Josephine  Ridenour  (15,  <i). 
Quebec,  Canada:  Howard  Ayer  (10.  d). 
