The  RURAL  NEW. YORKER 
969 
Garden  and  Farm  Notes 
Frame  for  Cabbage  and  Tomato  Plants 
Will  you  give  instructions  for  mak¬ 
ing  a  col  cl  bed  frame  for  pansies  and 
how  to  grow  them  for  selling  plants 
next  Spring?  Do  you  sow  the  seed 
and  leave  it  in  the  cold  bed  frame  all 
Winter  or  do  you  hove  to  transplant 
them  and  when?  How  can  I  make  a 
hotbed  for  tomato  and  cabbage  plants, 
and  could  they  both  be  sown  in  the 
same  frame?  How  large  a  bed  is  nec¬ 
essary  for  about  200  tomato  and  1,000 
cabbage  plants?  Would  window  sash 
do?  Would  it  be  advisable  to  buy  and 
put  out  rose  bushes  and  shrubbery  this 
Fall  or  next  Spring  and  if  so  when  is 
the  right  time  to  send  for  them? 
Greene  Co.,  N.  Y.  mrs.  r.  it. 
In  making  a  cold  frame  for  pansies, 
take  a  lxl5-ft.  board  for  top  and  an  8- 
in.  by  15-ft.  board  for  lower  side  of 
bed,  nail  lx6-ft.  boards  on  ends.  Fit 
or  nail  1%-in.  by  3-in.  by  6-ft.  long 
bars  across  frame  3  ft.  apart,  to  slide 
the  sash  off  and  on.  The  sash  should 
be  3  by  6-ft.  This  frame  will  hold 
about  60  dozen  pansies.  The  seed 
should  be  sown  August  15,  in  rows 
three  inches  wide  and  one-fourth 
inch  deep.  The  soil  should  be  quite 
moist  when  seed  is  sown  and  the 
ground  partly  shaded  till  the  seed 
germinate.  The  young  plants  should 
be  transplanted  in  cold  frame  October 
15.  Do  not  put  sash  on  until  December 
1.  One  ounce  of  seed  should  make  you 
enough  plants  for  a  frame  6xl5-ft. 
Trimardeau  or  giant  pansies  are  about 
the  best  mixture.  They  will  be  in 
bloom  ready  to  sell  by  April  1. 
A  frame  6x6-ft,  will  be  large  enough 
to  grow  1,000  cabbage  and  200  toma¬ 
toes.  Dig  a  pit  18  inches  deep,  fill  this 
with  fresh  stable  manure  that  is  heat¬ 
ing,  March  1.  Tramp  it  down  and  put 
on  four  pails  of  water;  then  put 
frame  on  it,  bottom  side  towards 
south,  four  inches  lower  than  top.  Then 
put  six  inches  of  very  rich  soil  on  top 
of  manure.  This  soil  should  be  pre¬ 
pared  this  Fall  and  kept  where  it  will 
not  freeze  so  as  to  be  ready  to  put  in 
bed  March  1.  'Sow  one  ounce  of  cab¬ 
bage  seed  under  one  sash  and  two  rows 
of  tomato  seed  under  the  other  sash. 
When  the  plants  are  up  put  a  board 
under  crossbar,  so  as  to  give  the  cab¬ 
bage  plants  more  air  than  the  tomatoes. 
The  cabbage  plants  can  be  transplanted 
from  seed  bed  to  open  ground  about 
April  1.  When  the  tomato  plants  are 
four  inches  high,  pull  them  all  out  of 
the  bed,  stir  the  soil  thoroughly  and 
set  plants  back,  10  rows  with  20  plants 
to  each  row,  which  will  make  the  200 
plants  needed.  One  package  of  Bonnie 
Best  for  early,  and  one  package  of 
Stone  for  late. 
Plain  window  glass  is  O.  K.  A  straw 
mat  should  be  used  to  cover  sash  on 
cold  nights.  Give  the  cabbage  plants 
plenty  of  air,  and  strip  sash  entirely 
off  on  warm,  sunny  days,  or  they  will 
grow  too  spindling.  I  would  advise 
setting  roses  and  shrubbery  this  Fall. 
October  is  the  proper  time  in  this  lo¬ 
cality.  They  will  need  some  protec¬ 
tion  if  the  Winter  is  severe,  but  will 
Start  earlier  than  if  set  in  Spring. 
New  Jersey.  wm.  perkins. 
Storing  Vegetables 
I  am  building  a  house  and  would 
like  to  know  about  placing  the  veg¬ 
etable  cellar,  so  as  to  keep  the  fruit 
and  vegetables  from  wilting.  Will  you 
kindly  let  me  know  the  distance  to 
place  same  from  boiler,  and  how  walls 
should  be  built,  and  also  whether  the 
cellar  bottom  should  be  dirt  or  ce¬ 
ment.  and  any  other  information  that 
you  may  have  regarding  vegetable  cel¬ 
lars?  w.  G. 
New  York. 
A  cold  storage  apartment  in  a  cellar 
to  store  roots,  vegetables  and  fruits, 
should  be  built  in  the  northwest  cor¬ 
ner.  by  laying  a  cement  block  parti¬ 
tion  to  keep  out  heat  from  the  boiler. 
A  room  8x12  ft.  will  give  ample  room 
for  storage  of  same  for  an  ordinary 
family.  The  apartment  should  have 
at  least  one  window,  so  the  outdoor 
air  may  be  admitted  until  it  gets  freez¬ 
ing  weather.  It  should  not  be  located 
within  10  ft.  of  boiler.  A  dirt  floor  is 
preferable.  Turnips,  carrots,  etc., 
should  have  some  dry  earth  or  sand 
scattered  over  (them,  to  keep  them 
from  wilting.  Pack  celery  in  boxes, 
about  50  roots  to  box,  with  moist 
earth  around  roots.  A  long  box,  1x4 
ft.  is  best.  Apples  in  boxes  or  barrels 
will  not  wilt  as  quickly  as  if  kept  in 
baskets.  w.  p. 
Marketing  Onions. 
We  have  a  half  acre  of  onions  this 
year  for  the  first  time,  and  as  we  have 
never  marketed  onions,  want  to  ask 
your  opinion  as  to  best  way  to  sell 
them.  As  we  are  short  on  cash  this 
year,  would  like  to  market  so  as  not 
to  have  to  buy  containers,  if  possible. 
Are  there  purchasers  who  furnish  their 
own  containers?  These  onions  are  all 
grown  from  sets,  one-third  Ebenezer 
(or  Japanese)  and  two-thirds  Yellow 
Strasburg.  Our  farm  is  six  miles 
from  Trenton,  N.  J.  j.  c. 
As  J.  O.  lives  only  six  miles  from 
Trenton,  it  should  be  a  very  easy  task 
for  him  either  to  sell  his  onions  at  the 
different  stores  or  cart  them  in  to  a 
good  commission  merchant,  and  I  am 
glad  there  are  such  in  most  cities.  I 
have  no  trouble  in  securing  bushel 
hampers  free  from  the  stores  where 
I  sell  my  produce,  and  they  are  only 
too  glad  for  someone  to  cart  them 
away.  Take  one  year  with  another,  I 
have  always  found  it  pays  to  get  the 
onions  in  market  as  soon  as  possible. 
As  soon  as  the  tops  go  down  I  begin  to 
pull  and  sell.  The  price  is  generally 
better  here  early,  before  the  New  York 
State  onions  begin  to  come  in.  w.  p. 
New  Sweet  Cherry 
The  New  York  State  Fruit  Testing 
Co-operative  Association,  with  head¬ 
quarters  at  Geneva,  announces  a  new 
sweet  cherry.  This  they  say  is  com¬ 
parable  in  every  way  to  the  Black  Tar¬ 
tarian,  but  it  ripens  two  or  three  weeks 
earlier  than  that  variety,  and,  in  fact 
is  earlier  than  any  other  cherry  now 
grown.  It  is  to  be  called  Seneca,  and 
represents  a  cross  between  an  unknown 
variety  and  Early  Guigne.  At  Geneva 
this  cherry  fully  ripens  its  crop  by 
June  20.  It  promises  to  become  one  of 
the  most  popular  sweet  cherries,  espe¬ 
cially  for  home  planting.  The  tree  is 
hardy  and  it  seems  like  a  prolific  and 
annual  bearer.  The  fruit  is  said  to  be 
large  for  a  sweet  cherry,  and  is 
smooth,  purplish  black,  with  an  un¬ 
usually  good  flavor.  Trees  of  this  va¬ 
riety  will  be  distributed  next  year  by 
the  Fruit  Testing  Association.  This 
organization  is  doing  excellent  work  in 
testing  out  these  varieties  and  seeing 
that  they  are  distributed  fairly. 
The  Rose  Chafer  Pest 
So  many  people  are  having  trouble 
with  rose  bugs  that  that  I  am  sending 
this  formula,  which  we  are  using  with 
success:  One-half  cup  molasses  in  one 
quart  of  boiling  water;  2 y2  gallons 
cold  water,  to  which  three  tablespoons 
dry  arsenate  of  lead  has  been  mixed. 
Use  as  a  spray.  f.  b.  t. 
Want  to  Know 
I  would  like  to  get  Hill’s  Manual,  a 
large  book  I  saw  about  25  years  ago.  It 
treated  on  all  rules  of  equity,  forms  of 
writing  out  checks,  resignations,  recom¬ 
mendations,  bills  and  accounts,  laws,  par¬ 
liamentary  rules;  in  fact,  almost  any¬ 
thing  a  man  needs  to  know  on  the  farm. 
New  York.  j.  m. 
R.  N.-Y. — Does  any  reader  know  who 
published  this  book,  or  where  it  may  be 
had  now? 
* 
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Think  of  the  windfalls  and  small, 
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Here  is  a  real  opportunity  for  orchardists.  Grade  your  apples  carefully.  Convert 
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A  Mount*  Gilead  Press  will  make  big  you’ll  have  a  profitable  income  from  this 
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SAVE  PACKAGE  COSTS 
FIRST  CLASS  SECOND- 
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Dept.  R,  801-808  Johnson  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
HETZEL’S 
ELASTIC  TREE  CEMENT 
NON-POISONOUS  NON-PENETRATING 
Made  in  Red,  Black,  Brown  and  Gray  Colors 
Write  for  free  sample  and  prices 
Estate  of  J.  G.  HETZEL 
Dept.  R.  N.  Newark,  N.  J. 
Organized  Co-operation 
A  NEW  BOOK 
By  JOHN  J.  DILLON 
This  book  is  written  in  three 
parts. 
PART  ONE.— The  Develop¬ 
ment  of  the  Agricultural  Indus¬ 
try.  In  five  chapters. 
PART  TWO.  —  Fundamental 
Principles  and  Adaptable  Forms 
of  Co-operative  Organization.  In 
ten  chapters. 
PART  THREE.  —  Application 
of  Co-operation  to  Efficient  and 
Economic  Distribution  of  Farm 
Products.  In  seven  chapters. 
This  is  a  new  treatment  of  the 
co-operative  subject.  Heretofore 
writers  of  books  have  contented 
themselves  with  accounts  of  co¬ 
operative  work  where  established. 
It  has  been  mostly  propaganda 
and  exhortation.  This  was  all 
good  in  its  time.  But  we  have 
grown  beyond  it.  Farmers  are 
now  committed  to  co-operation. 
Once  shy  of  it,  they  are  at  last  a 
unit  for  it.  What  they  want  now 
is  principles  and  definite  policies 
that  have  pn  ved  successful.  This 
book  is  the  first  real  attempt  to 
supply  this  want.  Other,  and  it 
is  to  be  hoped  better,  books  will 
follow  on  this  line;  but  for  the 
present  there  is  no  other  book 
seriously  treating  the  subject  of 
organized  co-operation. 
Bound  in  Cloth  Price  $1.00 
The  Rural  New-Yorker,  333  West  30th  St.,  New  York 
