1015 
Getting  Hay  into  the  Bam 
WORKING  SHORT-HANDED— At  the  Tall 
Pine  Farm  they  are  having  the  usual  dif¬ 
ficulties  of  farmers  everywhere;  lots  of  work  and 
no  hired  man.  Fortunately  the  family  is  able  to  do 
a  good  deal,  and  the  work  is  going  along  pretty 
well.  The  hay  loader  is  almost  invaluable.  It  is 
work  for  one  man  to  load  after  the  loader,  but  it  is 
not  always  possible  to  have  an  extra  man  there. 
Some  of  the  time  a  10-year-old  boy  drives  the  team, 
and  of  course  it  is  necessary  to  stop  occasionally  and 
catch  up.  You  get  more  hay  at  a  time  with  a 
loader,  for  the  load  readily  runs  higher,  and  com¬ 
monly  it  is  wider.  Besides,  the  hay 
stays  on  well,  for  it  is  considerably  -  ■  ■  — ■ 
bound  together.  Down  at  the  barn  a 
gasoline  engine  and  a  hoist  with  a 
splendid  grappling  fork  take  the  hay 
into  the  mow  with  as  little  exertion  as 
it  is  possible  to  make  in  unloading. 
MOWING  AWAY— Now  I  suppose 
that  you  may  be  wondering  about 
mowing  away,  and  that  is  the  thing 
I  had  in  mind  when  I  started,  for  it 
is  different.  I  didn’t  like  the  idea 
when  first  mentioned,  and  cannot  say 
that  I  am  particularly  pleased  with 
it  now,  but  circumstances  make  a  dif¬ 
ference.  The  mows  are  18  ’’by  40  ft., 
and  from  the  top  of  -the  load  to  the 
bottom  of  the  mow  is  almost  20  ft. 
The  barn  posts  are  22  ft.,  and  the 
space  is  all  clear  to  the  ridge.  That 
fork  will  take  the  hay  in  when  the 
mow  is  filled.  The  point  I  was  to 
make  is  that  not  much  mowing  away 
being  done.  The  hay  is  dropped 
lht  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
of  horse  manure  it  is  possible  to  build  a  screened 
house  or  shed  where  the  manure  can  safely  be  kept. 
Sometimes  a  room  is  built  in  the  stable,  or  a  shed 
is  built  on  the  outside.  This  is  made  fly-tight  by 
covering  the  windows  and  the  doors  with  fine  wire 
screens,  so  that  the  flies  cannot  enter  or  escape. 
Twice  a  day  the  manure  mixed  with  acid  phosphate 
or  kainiit  is  carried  into  this  room  or  house  and 
left  there,  the  doors  and  windows  being  kept  closed. 
Thus  the  flies  are  unable  to  get  to  the  manure,  and 
there  is  practically  no  breeding,  so  that  the  fly  sup¬ 
ply  is  practically  cut  off.  In  some  cases  where 
there  is  a  larger  supply  of  manure  it  is  hauled  out 
w 
is 
along  the  18  ft.  line  across  the  mow, 
and  it  fills  up  like  the  ridge  of  a  barn. 
Some  throwing  down  toward  the  ends 
of  the  mow,  which  are  20  ft.  from  the 
center  line,  is  done,  sometimes  when 
the  hay  is  being  unloaded  and  at  other 
times  after  the  load  is  off,  and  occas¬ 
ionally  not  at  all.  I  was  in  there  to¬ 
day,  and  I  can  tell  you  that  throwing 
the  hay  down  is  different  from  pitch¬ 
ing  it  up. 
GETTING  IT  OUT.— Probably  you 
are  thinking,  as  I  was  at  first,  of  the 
way  the  hay  comes  out  in  the  Winter. 
This  is  not  the  first  time  that  the  plan 
has  been  tried,  so  it  is  possible  to  re¬ 
port  on  this  point.  First,  one  is  hardly 
hurried  as  much  in  Winter  as  in  hay¬ 
ing  time.  You  cannot  say  that  there 
is  time  enough  to  get  the  hay  out  in 
Winter  because  the  dairy  farmer  has 
work  enough  every  day  in  the  year. 
Really,  however,  the  hay  came  out  bet¬ 
ter  than  you  might  think.  I  was  sur¬ 
prised  at  it.  More  difficult  than  when 
the  mow  is  level,  but  not  enough  more 
to  make  the  plan  undesirable.  One 
cut  through  from  front  to  back  with 
the  hay-knife  helps;  besides  one  must 
remember  that  the  hay  needs  to  come 
out  in  about  the  reverse  order  that  it 
went  in.  It  is  useless  to  fight  against 
that  principle.  Using  your  head,  a 
good  hay-knife  and  some  strength  and 
the  hay  comes  out  fairly  well.  Under 
the  circumstances  we  will  excuse  the 
folks  who  get  the  hay  into  the  mow 
the  easiest  and  quickest  way,  es¬ 
pecially  in  these  times  when  help  is 
secure. 
During  the  last  few  years  the  plan  of  dusting  to  take  the  place  of  liquid 
spraying  has  rapidly  come  into  use.  The  picture  shows  a  power  duster  at 
work  in  a  potato  field  in  Cumberland  County.  N.  J.  Usually  a  combination 
of  sulphur,  arsenate  of  lead,  dry  sulphate  of  copper  and  tobacco  dust  is  blown 
out  upon  the  potato  vines.  This  seems  to  be  a  cure-all  for  most  potato 
diseases  and  insects,  from  blight  to  plant  lice,  and  generally  speaking  the 
dust  seems  to  give  about  as  good  satisfaction  as  the  liquid.  It  can  be  ap¬ 
plied  faster,  although  on»the  whole  it  is  more  "expensive.  Various  forms  of 
dusters  are  in  use.  The  one  shown  is  of  a  popular  make  and  is  operated  by 
power.  It  is  certainly  well  qualified  to  kick  up  a  dust. 
This  picture  shows  an  arrangement  for  spraying  melon  vines,  practiced  in  the 
Southern  part  of  New  Jersey.  Of  course,  it  will  be  impossible  for  the  sprayer 
to  drive  through  such  a  field.  That  would  do  great  damage  to  the  vines  and 
the  melons  and  so  it  is  necessary  to  adopt  some  kind  of  a  device  for  putting  on 
the  spray  without  stamping  down  the  crops  too  much.  This  is  carried  out 
through  the  plan  shown  in  the  picture.  The  spray  wagon  drives  down  the 
lane  or  path  with  a  long  rubber  hose  attached  and  several  men  are  on  hand 
to  hold  up  and  carry  the  hose  forward  beginning  close  to  the  path,  and  spray 
is  put  on  by  a  combination  of  nozzles  held  in  place  by  a  long  pole.  Then  on 
return  another  stretch  of  the  pole  is  made  and  so  on  until  half  across  the 
field,  when  the  spraying  can  be  completed  from  the  other  side.  In  this  way 
it  is  possible  to  do  fair  work  and  'take  good  care  of  the  melons. 
recover  the  cost  of  a  fence  that  you  built  after  the 
refusal  of  a  neighbor  to  build  same,,  would  not  the  cost 
of  suing  be  greater  than  damages  obtained?  c.  o. 
New  York. 
E  see  no  illegality  in  the  writing  of  letter 
by  justice  of  the  peace  such  as  you  describe. 
2.  An  adjoining  land-owner  can  expect  a  fence 
sufficient  to  protect  his  lands  from  the  cattle  com¬ 
monly  pastured  there. 
3.  If  any  person  shall  neglect  to  erect  or  repair  a 
division  fence  for  the  period  of  one  month  after  re¬ 
quest  in  writing  to  make  or  repair  the  fence,  the 
party  injured  may  make  or  repair  the  fence  at  the 
expense  of  the  party  so  neglecting  or  so  refusing. 
4.  If  the  stone  wall  is  not  sufficient 
.  to  prevent  animals  from  ti’espassing, 
yes.  - 
5.  If  the  fence  viewers  nf  the  town 
have  established  the  heights  of  the 
fence  you  can  procure  the  dimensions 
from  them.  If  not  paragraph  2  an¬ 
swers  this  question. 
6.  The  new  amendment  to  the  fence 
law  provides  “Barbed  or  other  wire 
may  be  used  in  the  construction  of 
any  division  fence,-  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  the  person  or  corporation 
desiring  to  use  such  material  shall 
first  obtain  from  the  owner  of  the  ad¬ 
joining  property  his  written  consent 
that  it  may  be  so  used.  If  the  owner 
of  the  adjoining  property  refuses  to 
consent  to  the  building  of  such  a  fence, 
it  may  nevertheless  be  built  in  the 
following  manner:  The  fence  shall  be 
of  at  least  four  strands  of  wire  with 
a  sufficient  bar  of  wood  at  the  top ;  and 
the  size  of  such  top  bars  and  of  the 
posts  and  supports  of  such  fence,  and 
their  distances  apart,  shall  be  such  as 
the  fence  viewers  of  the  town  may 
prescribe,  and  with  the  posts  no  fur¬ 
ther  apart  than  14  ft. ;  and  such  fence 
shall  be  otherwise  substantially  built 
and  a  reasonable  sufficient  inclosure 
for  holding  the  particular  kind  or 
class  of  cattle  or  animals  usually  pas¬ 
tured  on  either  side  of  the  fence. 
Nothing  contained  in  Section  367  shall 
be  construed  to  authorize  the  electors 
of  any  town  to  prohibit  the  use  of  wire 
fences,  for  division  fences,  if  such 
fences  comply  with  the  requirements 
of  this  section.  Whenever  such  fence 
shall  become  so  out  of  repair  as  to  be 
unsafe,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
owner  or  owners  to  immediately  repair 
the  same.  But  any  person  building 
such  a  fence  without  the  written  con¬ 
sent  of  the  owner  of  the  adjoining 
property  shall  be  liable  to  all  damages 
that  may  be  occasioned  by  reason  of 
such  fence.” 
7.  To  procure  the  service  of  the  fence 
viewers  one  must  pay  them  for  their 
services.  The  fence  viewers  are  the 
assessors  of  the  town  if  no  others  are 
elected. 
8.  It  is  necessary  to  sue  in  order  to 
collect  the  costs  of  the  fence.  A  ver¬ 
dict  would  carry  costs.  n.  t. 
Locating  a  Water  Supply 
so  hard  to 
H.  H.  L. 
Preventing  the  Fly  Nuisance 
Will  you  advise  me  what  to  use  about  a  barn  to  kill 
and  get  rid  of  flies  from  the  structure?  I  use  acid 
phosphate  in  the  manure  to  kill  the  maggots  breeding 
there,  but  still  I  have  plenty  of  flies.  Is  there  any¬ 
thing  I  can  use  as  a  spray  to  drive  them  away  or  kill 
them?  w.  L.  . 
Elizabeth,  N.  J. 
T  is  the  habit  of  the  house-fly  to  breed  and  lay 
its  eggs  in  horse  manure.  Other  forms  of  filth 
are  used  to  a  less  extent,  but  horse  manure  is  the 
usual  medium.  The  use  of  acid  phosphate,  kainit, 
and  some  other  chemicals  will  help  to  prevent  this 
egg-laying,  or  will  kill  the  young  flies,  but  these 
chemicals  wall  never  entirely  prevent  the  trouble. 
A  strong  solution  of  borax  *in  water,  sprayed  over 
the  manure  at  intervals,  or  in  the  stalls,  will  help 
further,  but  in  spite  of  the  use  of  these  chemicals 
there  will  always  be  more  or  less  of  this  fly-breeding. 
In  many  cases  where  there  is  only  a  small  quantity 
and  spread  on  the  fields  frequently,  so  as  to  keep 
it  away  from  the  house  and  barn.  Any  plan  to 
lessen  the  fly  nuisance  must  take  into  consideration 
this  fact,  that  the  young  flies  are  bred  in  horse 
manure  While  the  use  of  chemicals  will  help,  the 
removal  of  the  manure  as  described  above  is  the 
only  sure  preventive  for  this  trouble. 
A  Discussion  of  Fence  Laws 
1.  Is  it  legal  for  a  justice  of  the  peace  to  write  a  letter 
to  Brown  saying  “Jones  wishes  to  inform  you  that  he 
demands  a  fence,”  etc.?  Jones  gets  the  justice  to 
write  for  him  thinking  this  will  frighten  Brown,  but 
Jones  does  not  sign  letter.  2.  Can  Jones  order  a  new 
fence  where  a  «fence  already  exists?  3.  If  Brown  re¬ 
fuses,  can  Jones  tear  down  Brown’s  old  fence  in  30 
days  and  build  a  very  expensive  one,  and  send  his  bill 
to  the  town  and  have  same  collected  as  assessment 
with  tax  bill?  4.  Is  it  necessary  to  build  a  fence  on 
top  of  a  stone  wall?  5.  How  high  must  a  fence  be, 
and  how  high  may  it  he?  6.  -With  the  exception  of 
barbed  wire,  there  are  no  other  restrictions,  are  there  ! 
7.  Is  a  tax-payer  entitled  to  the-  services  of  the  fence 
viewers,  or  must  he  pay  for  them  and  how  much? 
Also,  to  whom  does  one  apply  for  the  services  of  the 
fence  viewers?  8.  If  it  is  necessary  to  sue  in  order  to 
We  are  farmers,  and  have  been  for 
- —  several  years,  but  in  changing  our  loca¬ 
tion  there  are  some  things  that  we  do 
not  know  how  to  figure  out.  The  most  puzzling  is  the 
water.  Is  there  any  way  to  tell  if  a  spring  or  well  is 
likely  to  dry  up?  Are  there  any  indications  that  would 
guide  a  person  in  sinking  an  artesian  well,  and  about 
what  would  the  cost  be?  A  little  place  I  have  in 
view  has  a  veil  that  dries  up  in  a  dry  season,  but 
there  is  a  valley  about  100  ft.  lower  and  400  ft.  dis¬ 
tant  that  has  a  brook  running  through  it,  and  the 
Character  of  the  land  of  this  farm  is  quite  heavy.  About 
200  ft.  distant  and  about  10  or  12  ft.  higher  than  the 
house  is  a  place  where  the  ground  is  muddy,  and 
coarse  swamp  grass  and  alders  grow.  Is  it  likely  that 
by  digging  in  that  spot  I  would  find  a  reliable  spring? 
Are  there  men  whose  opinion  on  such  things  could  be 
relied  on  ?  A- 1-  P- 
Patterson,  N.  Y. 
S  I  understand  the  inquiry  you  have  three  pos¬ 
sible  sources  of  water  supply.  As  a  gravity 
system  is  the  cheapest  and  best,  I  should  surely  in¬ 
vestigate  that  swale  or  swampy  place  above  the 
house.  I  have  found  just  such  spots  to  be  giood 
springs.  Dig  some  ditches  through  the  swale  and 
study  the  inflow  or  seepage.  It  is  possible  that 
this  is  but  a  spot  where  outcropping  rock  comes  to 
or  near  the  surface,  and  some  water  seeps  through. 
Again,  if  there  is  heavy  fall  in  the  brook,  and  con- 
