Iht  RURAL.  NEW-YORKER 
1067 
Soil  Tested 
Before  it  is  too  late  find  out  if  you 
have  sour  soil.  We  show  you  how. 
We  send  all  necessary  materials.  Same 
test  used  by  soil  experts.  FREE  — No 
obligation.  Write  today  for  catalog-price. 
HOLDEN 
lime  and  phosphate  distributor 
cures  sour  soil  at  low  cost.  Insures  bumper 
crops.  Spreads  lime,  phosphates,  all  fer¬ 
tilizers  1 ft.  wide  —twice  width  of  others. 
Cuts  work  and  time  in  half.  Fits 
any  end  gate  wagon  or  motor  truck. 
Handle  material  once.  Freight  cat  SPREADS 
to  field.  Write  for  latest  price. 
THE  HOLDEN  CO.  In< 
PEORIA,  D«pt.  229  ILL 
Kills 
aphis 
and  similar 
insects 
NICOTINE  SULPHATE 
Hall  Tobacco  Chemical  Co. 
114  E.l  6th  St.  New  York  City 
By  making  every  field  yield  100%. 
Brain!  Ditch!  Terrace!  Protect  soil 
from  washing.  The  low-priced  MARTIN 
DITCHES  and  TERRACES 
Cuts  new  ditches— cleans  old  ones  to  4  feet  deep. 
Open  or  tile  and  irrigation.  All-steel  adjustable,  reversible. 
Horses  or  tractor.  There’s  money 
in  the  ditching  business.  tO  DayS 
Trial.  Write  for  the  facta  today a 
OWENSBORO 
DITCHER  &  GRADER  CO..IIIO* 
Box  434  Owansboro,  Ky. 
\  of  | 
/DIAMOND 
K//  LIGHT  ' 
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Introducing  this  wonderful  new 
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Burns  Kerosene  or  Gasoline 
Clean,  odorless,  economical.  Burns 
96%  air,  4%  fuel.  Absolutely  safe. 
Lights  with  match.  10  0  times 
brighter  than  wick  lamps.  Patented. 
Greatest  improvement  of  age.  Table 
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missions  paid  same  day  you  take 
orders.  No  experience  necessary. 
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now  on.  Write  today  for  catalog 
and  special  agents  offer. 
SHE  AKRON  LAMP  CO, 
668  Lamp  Bldg.,  Akron,  0. 
ORGANIZED 
CO-OPERATION 
A  NEW  BOOK  -;-  By  JOHN  J.  DILLON 
(1)  How  has  the  need  of  farm 
co-operation  developed? 
(2)  What  is  organized  co-opera¬ 
tion,  and  how  does  it  differ  from 
the  ordinary  help  of  neighbors 
among  each  other? 
(3)  What  are  the  principles  of 
organization  and  practice  best 
suited  to  success  -in  organized  co¬ 
operation? 
(4)  How  may  organized  co-oper¬ 
ation  serve  the  farmer  in  the  mar¬ 
keting  of  crops  so  as  to  return  him 
a  fair  price  and  an  equitable  share 
of  the  consumer’s  dollar? 
These  questions  arc  answered  in 
the  new  book.  It  is  a  logical,  con¬ 
cise  treatment  of  the  whole  sub¬ 
ject.  Every  farmer  should  read  it. 
The  price  has  been  placed  at  the 
cost  of  production  because  of  the 
author’s  interest  in  the  subject. 
In  Cloth,  Postpaid,  $1.00 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
333  West  30th  St.,  New  York  City 
Control  of  Wheat  Smut 
There  are  two  kinds  of  smut  on  wheat. 
The  common  stinking  smut  which  is  char¬ 
acterized  by  the  smut  spores  being  con¬ 
tained  within  the  grain,  is  controlled  by 
the  formalin  treatment.  The  other,  or 
loose  smut,  is  characterized  by  visible 
black  spore-masses  which  sometimes  cov¬ 
er  the  entire  head.  Since  the  fungus  of 
the  latter  winters  within  the  seed,  the 
formalin  treatment  will  not  reach  it,  and 
some  other  means  of  control  must  be 
employed.  The  hot-water  treatment  is 
used  largely  for  this  purpose.  Write  to 
the  United  States  Department  of  Agri¬ 
culture  at  Washington  for  full  and  def¬ 
inite  information  about  the  control  of 
these  troubles.  They  have  bulletins 
which  treat  the  subject  fully.  H.  b.  t. 
A  Seed  Crop  and  Rats 
Lord  Howe  Island  appears  on  the  map 
as  a  tiny  speck  in  the  Pacific  Ocean, 
lying  about  520  miles  northeast  of 
Sydney,  Australia.  It  is  a  volcanic  island, 
surrounded  by  coral  reefs,  but  it  has 
been  favored  with  a  crop  monopoly  that 
has  supported  its  inhabitants — less  than 
200 — and  made  it  very  important  to  the 
florist  trade.  It  is  the  native  home  of 
two  palms,  commonly  known  as  Iventia, 
but  correctly  called  Howea,  that  are 
grown  in  enormous  quantities  for  florist 
use.  These  palms  are  grown  from  seed, 
and  as  the  seed  ripened  profusely  on  Lord 
Howe  Island,  and’  very  litt,le  anywhere 
else,  the  trade  has  continued  to  derive  its- 
supply  from  the  island,  by  way  of  Aus¬ 
tralia,  growers  in  this  country  being  large 
buyers.  Now  it  appears  that  this  crop  is 
threatened  with  annihilation  in  a  very 
curious  way. 
Some  time  ago  a  vessel  was  wrecked 
upon  the  reefs  around  the  shore,  and 
from  the  wreck  a  number  of  rats  escaped 
to  the  island.  First  these  rats  attacked 
the  nests  of  native  birds  nesting  on  the 
ground,  destroying  the  eggs,  and  prac¬ 
tically  exterminating  some  species.  Then 
they  turned  their  attention  to  Iventia 
seeds.  These  seeds  do  not  ripen  the  first 
season  they  form,  but  require  three  years 
to  become  fully  mature,  when  they  are 
quite  hard.  The  rats  eat  the  seed  when 
in  the  milk  stage,  and  the  gradual  failure 
of  the  crop  has  now  reduced  the  islanders 
to  such  penury  that  they  are  asking  the 
Australian  government  for  aid.  It  is  a 
strange  situation  when  a  shipwreck  on  a 
faraway  Pacific  island  seriously  affeets 
the  American  florist  trade.  The  first  step 
to  prevent  the  extinction  of  the  Kentia 
seed  crop  will  be  the  suppression  of  the 
rats,  which  is  a  difficult  problem.  It  will 
be  remembered  that  some  years  ago  the 
mongoose  was  introduced  into  Jamaica, 
to  control  the  destructive  cane  rat,  with 
the  result  that  this  little  rat-killer  be¬ 
came  even  a  greater  nuisance  than  the 
original  vermin.  It  is  probable  that  both 
climate  and  lack  of  organized  efforts  of 
control  have  contributed  to  this  rat 
plague. 
Plums  Pitless  and  Worthless 
I  am  sending  you  a  sample  of  plums 
from  a  tree  in  my  yard.  Can  you  tell  me 
the  cause  of  their  being  pitless  and  worth¬ 
less?  I  have  several  of  these  trees. 
West  Burlington,  N.  Y.  G.  E.  E. 
The  plum  that  you  sent  was  suffering 
from  the  attacks  of  brown  rot  and  from 
curculio  injury.  The  stone  was  present, 
but  the  kernel  inside  was  shrunken  and 
abortive.  The  former  two  troubles  would 
account  for  the  plums  being  “worthless,” 
though  spraying  with  lime-sulphur  and 
arsenate  of  lead  early  in  the  season  when 
the  shucks  are  off  the  young  fruits  and 
again  two  or  three  weeks  later  will  hold 
both  insect  and  disease  very  largely  in 
check.  Plums  usually  bloom  heavily  and 
frequently  set  light.  In  some  cases  the 
light  set  is  due  to  self-sterility,  yet  most 
Domestica  plums  are  self-fertile  in  the 
Eastern  States.  The  most  common  rea¬ 
son  for  poor  set,  bad  dropping  and  abortive 
seed  is  poor  weather  at  blooming  time. 
It  has  been  shown  that  wet  weather  at 
blooming  time  and  cold  temperature  will 
result  in  poor  pollination  and  fertiliza¬ 
tion  and  consequent  abortive  kernels  and 
poor  set.  h.  b.  t. 
Foreman  :  “Yes,  I’ll  give  ye  a  job 
sweepin’  an’  keepin’  the  plfice  clean.” 
“But  I’m  a  college  graduate.”  “Well, 
then,  maybe  ye  better  start  on  somethin’ 
Simpler.” — Life. 
Built  to  Give  You 
Lasting  Satisfaction 
When  you  put  a  heater  under  your  house,  you 
want  to  be  sure  it  will  do  its  job  well,  and  keep  on 
doing  it  well,  not  for  a  short  time,  but  for  many 
years  to  come.  That’s  the  only  kind  that  gives 
permanent  satisfaction. 
The  Onepipe  is  a  durable,  substantially  built  heater. 
For  instance,  the  radiator  is  in  one  continuous  piece 
without  a  joint ;  the  ashpit  also  is  in  one  piece.  Its 
dome  and  feed  chute,  taken  together,  are  in  one 
solid  piece.  All  unnecessary  joints  are  eliminated. 
Every  part  is  properly  designed  and  accurately 
-fitted.  That’s  why  it  stands  up  for  a.  lifetime  of 
thorough  going,  dependable  heating  satisfaction. 
It  burns  any  fuel  ordinarily  used  for  heating  purposes,  with 
great  economy.  That  is  proved  every 
winter  in  thousands  of  homes  where 
its  comforts  are  enjoyed  year  after  year. 
Choose  an  International  Onepipe  and 
you’ll  get  results  that  will  make  you 
more  satisfied  with  your  choice,  year 
after  year.  Send  for  booklet. 
We  make  all  standard  types  of  heaters  for 
Warm  Air,  Steam,  Vapor  Steam,  Hot  Water 
and  Onepipe  Heating.  We  are  therefore  with¬ 
out  prejudice  in  favor  of  any  one  type.  If  you 
are  interested  in  the  Onepipe  method  of  heating, 
send  _foY  special  catalog. 
If  interested  in  other  types 
send  for  our  booklet, 
“International  Heaters,” 
which  tells  all  about  the 
advantages  of  each  one, 
and  how  to  get  the  best 
results  in  your  home. 
at  the  jigiVof  good  heating 
HTER1WIOH/L 
HEATERS 
Long-Time  Farm  Loans 
This  Bank  has  loaned  to  the  farmers  in  New  England, 
New  York  and  New  Jersey  over  $25,000,000  and  has  re¬ 
turned  to  them  over  $137,000  in  dividends. 
If  you  operate  your  own  farm  or  intend  to  purchase  a  farm,  we  are 
prepared  to  make  a  long-time,  easy-payment  loan.  Interest  at  5'/2 %. 
Payments  semi-annually.  Loans  run  for  33  years  but  can  be  paid  at 
borrowers’  option  any  time  after  5  years.  Local  representative  in 
every  district. 
Look  ahead!  If  you  will  need  a  loan  this  season  write  now  for  information. 
The  FEDERAL  LAND  BANK  of  SPRINGFIELD,  MASS. 
Serving  New  England,  New  York  and  New  Jersey 
