1224 
The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
September  29,  1923 
SDCDNY 
MC.V4.MT.  orr. 
GASOLINE  and  MOTOR  OIL 
Uniform  Quality 
Best  Results 
STANDARD  OIL  CO.  OF  NEW  YORK 
26  Broadway 
Safe  as  a  good  farm  mortgage 
and  far  more  convenient 
Federal  Farm  LoanBonds 
Interest  Sure— Readily  Salable— Safe— Tax-free 
These  Bonds  are  equivalent  to  first  mortgages  on  improved 
farms  in  New  England,  New  York  and  Newjersey  — all  cultivated 
by  their  owners.  The  twelve  powerful  Federal  Land  Banks  guar¬ 
antee  prompt  payment  of  interest  and  principal.  Can  be  had  in 
amounts  of  $40,  $100,  $500,  $1000  and  up.  For  details  write  to 
The  FEDERAL  LAND  BANK  of  SPRINGFIELD,  MASS. 
LONEY  Guaranteed  TREES 
VINES,  BERRIES,  SHRUBS 
We  know  the  varieties  sent  you  are  ,ust 
what  you  order  and  guarantee  them  to  be 
absolutely  healthy  and  vigorous — we  sell 
direct  from  our  400-acre  Nursery  at  cost 
of  production  plus  one  profit.  That’s  why 
Maloney  customers  get  better  trees  at  such  ex¬ 
ceptionally  low  price.  Send  for  our  free  catalog 
of  hardy  upland-grown  stock  and  order  early. 
FALL  PLANTING  PAYS 
We  Prepay  Transportation  Charges.  See  Page  1  of  Fall  Catalog 
MALONEY  BROS.  NURSERY  CO.,  INC. 
30  Main  Street,  Dansville,  N.  Y. 
We’re  responsible  ;  look  up  our  rating.  Dansville  Pioneer  Nurseries 
K$llrS 
TREES 
Place  Your  Order  This  Fall 
Although  we  have  our  usual  fine  assortment  of  high 
grade  fruit  trees  to  offer  for  Fall  delivery,  the  demand 
is  exceptionally  strong  and  we  recommend  that  our 
old  and  new  customers  place  their  orders  early  this 
season. 
You  will  never  regret  planting  Kelly  trees.  Our  trees 
are  all  perfect  specimens  and  our  guarantee  is  your 
protection.  We  offer  you  a  big  money  saving  and 
reliable  stock. 
Send  for  Fall,  1923,  Catalog  and  Price  List 
KELLY  BROS. 
NURSERIES,  1160  Main  St.,  Dansville,  N.  Y. 
— — — — — — — —— — — ■  II  Bill 
ORGANIZED 
CO-OPERATION 
A  NEW  BOOK  By  JOHN  J.  DILLON 
(1)  How  has  the  need  of  farm 
co-operation  developed? 
(2)  What  is  organized  co-opera¬ 
tion,  and  how  does  it  differ  from 
the  ordinary  help  of  neighbors 
among  each  other? 
(3)  What  are  the  principles  of 
organization  and  practice  best 
suited  to  success  in  organized  co¬ 
operation? 
(4)  How  may  organized  co-oper- 
q>oou  trom 
25  Peach  Trees 
Away  up  in  Maine, 
C.  M.  Clark  sold  $550 
worth  of  f  ru  it  from  25 
Barnes  Peach  Trees  in  one  season.  The 
outlook  is  bright  for  those  who  plant  now; 
and  we  have  husky,  clean  Trees  in  the  right 
varieties  for  the  Northeastern  States. . 
Write,  stating  conditions;  we  will  advise 
as  to  varieties.  Ask  for  our  free  Fruit  Book. 
It  describes  our  Peach,  Apple,  Pear,  Plum 
and  Cherry  Trees.  Also  Bush  Fruits  and 
Strawberries  for  home  table  and  market. 
The  Barnes  Bros.  Nursery  Co. 
Box  8  Yalesville,  Conn. 
Pioneer  New  England  'Nurserymen. 
ation  serve  the  farmer  in  the  mar¬ 
keting  of  crops  so  as  to  return  him 
a  fair  price  and  an  equitable  share 
of  the  consumer’s  dollar? 
These  questions  arc  answered  in 
the  new  book.  It  is  a  logical,  con¬ 
cise  treatment  of  the  whole  sub¬ 
ject.  Every  farmer  should  read  it. 
The  price  has  been  placed  at  the 
cost  of  production  because  of  the 
author’s  interest  in  the  subject. 
In  Cloth,  Postpaid,  $1.00 
IH7DDV  DI  illVTTC  Strawberry  plants  for 
l  L/\I  1  1  ij  October  and  November 
planting.  Pot  •  grown 
and  runner  plants  that  will  bear  fruit  next  summer. 
Raspberry,  Blackberry,  Gooseberry,  Currant,  Grape 
plants  ;  Asparagus,  Rhubarb  roots. 
FLOWER  PLANTS 
Delphinium,  Holly- 
hoc  k ,  Columbine, 
„  Foxglove,  Hardy 
Carnation,  Hardy  Pink,  Gaillardia,  Bleeding  Heart, 
Oriental  Poppy  and  other  Hardy  Perennials,— plants  that 
live  outdoors  all  winter  and  bloom  year  after  year  ; 
also  Roses  and  Shrubs.  Catalogue  free. 
IIAKKY  L.  SQUIRES,  Hampton  Bays,  N.  Y. 
Russian  Pitkus  s«d  Rye-  X”*S'°„S  SSffiS 
Pays  big  as  cover  crop.  $1.10  per 
bush.  f.  o.  b.  Cash  with  order.  Cloverdala  Farm.Charlolte.N.V. 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
333  West  30th  St.,  New  York  City 
APPLE  BARRELS  KoTh^o1'^: 
J.  H.  BEAVER  .  Esopus,  New  York 
Commercial  Fruit  Culture 
Another  Successful  Sod  Orchard 
The  sod  versus  tillage  argument  is  an 
old,  old  story,  yet  every  so  often  it  bobs 
up  to  cause  its  share  of  commotion.  Im¬ 
mediately  the  sod  advocates  have  been 
downed  by  force  of  numbers,  up  jumps 
another  successful  sod  orchard. 
The  Bullard  Orchard. — Not  far  from 
the  city  of  Schuylerville,  N.  Y.,  named 
for  one  of  the  greatest  of  Colonial  pa¬ 
triots,  Gen.  Philip  Schuyler,  and  within 
sight  of  such  historic  spots  as  Starks’ 
Knob  and  the  monument  marking  the  bat¬ 
tle  that  resulted  in  Burgoyne’s  defeat,  is 
located  the  successful  sod  orchard  of  Dr 
T.  E.  Bullard.  It  consists  of  about  23 
acres,  planted  mostly  to  McIntosh  and 
Northern  Spy  apples.  The  oldest  section 
tural  practices  alone.  Dr.  Bullard  has 
used  some  of  the  methods  of  the  physician 
or  the  surgeon  in  growing  his  trees.  There 
are  any  number  of  trees  which  upon  close 
examination  at  their  crowns  show  what 
might  have  developed  from  mouse  injury 
or  collar  rot  into  ‘‘root  trouble”  had  not 
careful  bridge-grafting  and  thorough  dis¬ 
infection  and  painting  been  brought  into 
play.  Diseased  trees  have  apparently 
been  helped  to  overcome  their  troubles  by 
this  careful  treatment. 
Bracing  Weak  Crotches. — This  year 
the  crop  promises  to  be  a  good  one,  and 
Northern  Spy  trees  are  notoriously  weak 
at  the  crotches,  so  that  in  these  days  of 
labor  shortage  on  the  land  the  problem 
of  bracing  becomes  of  major  importance. 
Handy  Cart  for  Carrying  Orchard  Tools  and  Supplies 
was  set  in  1902,  in  sod,  and  has  been  un¬ 
disturbed.  The  newer  part  was  planted 
in  1914,  also  directly  in  sod,  and  left  that 
way  until  the  Great  War  cried  for  in¬ 
creased  production,  when  it  was  put  into 
corn  from  1917  to  1921.  In  1922  Alfalfa 
was  planted,  and  this  year  an  enviable 
field  of  Alfalfa  stands  where  formerly 
stood  corn.  No  one  could  ask  for  a  better 
piece  of  Alfalfa  than  lies  between  the 
rows  of  apple  trees.  The  trees  in  the  oid 
orchard  were  set  30x30  and  30x35,  while 
in  another  section  they  are  20  ft.  apart  in 
rows  40  ft.  wide,  a  Northern  Spy  between 
each  two  McIntosh  trees.  In  the  owner’s 
opinion  the  trees  are  too  close,  and  would 
not  be  closer  than  40x40  if  he  were  plant¬ 
ing  again.  The  first  heavy  crop  was  in 
1916,  when  the  orchard  produced  some¬ 
thing  like  S00  barrels  of  Northern  Spy 
and  400  barrels  of  McIntosh. 
Excellent  Condition'.  —  This  all 
sounds  very  dry  and  prosaic,  but  a  walk 
through  the  orchard  would  show  that  the 
site  is  not  only  picturesque  in  its  scenic 
and  historic  setting,  but  it  is  also  all  that 
an  orchard  man  could  ask.  It  is  high 
enough  to  escape  severe  frost  damage,  and 
has  sufficient  slope  to  afford  excellent  wa¬ 
ter  and  air  drainage.  The  trees  are  sym¬ 
metrical  and  vigorous,  and  the  carpet  of 
grass  or  Alfalfa  is  thick  and  heavy — 
altogether  something  worth  coming  to 
see.  And  one  who  judges  an  orchard  by 
the  number  of  “skips”  or  missing  trees 
will  find  here  a  refreshing  sight. 
Painstaking  Attention  Given. — Yet 
the  excellent  condition  of  the  tract  cannot, 
be  laid  to  the  soil  or  the  grass  or  the  cul¬ 
The  method  now  being  tried  out  is  at 
least  rapid.  It  consists  in  wrapping 
tarred  rope  about  the  scaffold  branches  a 
few  feet  above  the  crotch,  much  as  one 
would  tie  up  a  bunch  of  celery. 
The  Secret  of  Success. — We  have 
purposely  left  until  last  what  appears  to 
Hs  to  be  the  secret  of  success  in  this  sod 
orchard.  In  the  first  place  the  orchard 
is  on  heavy  land,  with  a  stiff  clay  subsoil 
or  hardpan.  This  means  that  the  soil  is 
letentive  of  moisture.  Second,  the  ground 
is  underlaid  with  water,  evidenced  by  the 
fact  that  even  with  the  rapid  natural 
slope  it  is  found  advisable  to  tile  drain. 
Just  over  the  fence  from  this  successful 
orchard  is  a  refinery  which  accumulates 
a  200-gallon  tank  of  liquid  fertilizer  about 
every  two  weeks,  and  which  considers  it  a 
privilege  to  be  able  to  rid  itself  of  the 
excess  by  pouring  it  between  the  rows  of 
nearby  trees  1  H.  B.  T. 
Removing  Shading  From  Greenhouse 
I  painted  my  greenhouse  roof  with 
naphtha  and  white  lead  last  Spring,  and 
now  I  wish  to  take  off  one  section.  It 
comes  off  very  hard.  What  could  I  use 
ta  take  it  off  and  not  injure  the  paint 
and  woodwork?  j  f  w 
Red  Bank,  N.  J. 
A  10  per  cent  solution  of  caustic  soda, 
ordinary  “lye,”  will  work,  but  is  hard 
on  the  hands.  Equal  parts  of  the  strong¬ 
est  ammonia  water  and  denatured  alco¬ 
hol  will  also  work,  but  is  hard  on  the 
nose  and  somewhat  hard  on  the  hands.  A 
thin  boiled  flour  paste  may  be  stirred 
with  washing  soda  till  it  will  take  no 
more,  stiiened  with  more  flour  if  needed, 
and  painted  on,  all  being  taken  off  after 
a  few  hours,  hut  this  is  slow. 
