1236 
The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
September  29,  1923 
This  One  Engine 
Does  Every 
Farm  Job 
Try  Tfiis 
There  is  no  other  farm  engine 
like  it.  Simple  in  construction 
and  easy  to  operate.  It  is  only 
one  engine,  yet  it  takes  the 
place  of  six  engines.  It  will  give 
from  1}4  to  6  H.  P.,  yet  it  is  so 
light  that  two  men  can  carry  it 
easily.  Set  it  anywhere  and 
put  it  to  work. 
Change  Power 
as  Needed 
It  is  a  6  H.  P.  when  you  need 
6,  or  1  yi  H.  P.  when  you  need 
only  1  yi,  or  any  power  in  be¬ 
tween.  Fuel  consumption  in 
proportion  to  power  used  and 
remarkably  low  at  all  times. 
Adjustment  from  one  power  to 
another  is  instantaneous. 
Barns  Kerosene 
Operates  with  kerosene  or  gaso¬ 
line.  Easy  starting,  no  crank¬ 
ing.  The  greatest  gas  engine 
value  on  the  market.  And  you 
can  prove  all  of  these  statements 
to  your  own  satisfaction. 
What  Users  Say 
Ivan  L.  Blake,  of  Hannibal, 
New  York,  says:  “Only  engine 
economical  for  all  jobs.  I  run  a 
28-inch  cord  wood  saw,  a  24- 
inch  rip  saw,  a  washer,  a  pump, 
and  a  grinder,  and  it  sure  runs 
them  fine.  It  has  perfect  run¬ 
ning  balance,  and  it  sets  quiet 
anywhere.” 
Clarence  Rutledge,  of  Mani- 
toulan  Island,  Ontario,  says: 
“Have  given  my  Edwards  four 
years'  steady  work  and  like  it 
fine.  It  uses  very  little  fuel.  I 
run  a  28-inch  cord  wood  saw, 
also  a  rip  saw,  8-inch  grinder, 
ensilage  cutter,  line  shaft  for 
shop,  churn,  washer,  separator 
and  pump.  Have  had  ten  other 
engines  and  the  Edwards  beats 
them  all." 
Frank  Foell,  of  Cologne,  New 
Jersey,  says:  “It’s  a  great  pleas¬ 
ure  to  own  an  Edwards  engine. 
I  run  a  wood  saw.  cement  mixer. 
“  I  set  out  to  build  a  farm  engine 
that  would  have  every  feature 
the  farmer  wanted  and  none  he 
didn't  want.  It  has  now  been 
on  the  market  six  years.  Thou¬ 
sands  of  satisfied  users  tell  me 
I’ve  succeeded.  I’m  proud  to 
have  this  engine  bear  my  name.  ” 
— A.  Y.  Edwards 
EDWARDS 
FARM 
ENGINE 
Engine 
threshing  machine,  etc.  Do 
work  for  my  neighbors.  Easy 
to  move  around  and  easy  to  run. 
I  would  not  have  any  other.” 
Free  Trial  Offer 
Now—  I  want  to  prove  my 
claims  to  you.  I  want  to  send 
you  an  Edwards  Engine  for  ab¬ 
solutely  free  trial.  Just  write 
your  name  and  address  on  cou¬ 
pon  and  mail.  I  will  send  at 
once  complete  details  about  my 
farm  engine  and  about  my  free 
trial  offer.  No  cost  or  obliga¬ 
tion.  Mail  coupon  now. 
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WHEELER  CO.  Electric  Generator 
Switch  Board,  Reostaff,  116  Cells.  Cost  $3,000.  Can 
be  bought  for  less  than  half.  Fine  condition.  In¬ 
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We  will  send  you  as  many  gallons  as  you 
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Reduces  Strained,  Puffy  Ankles* 
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$2. 50  a  bottle,  delivered.  Describe  your  case 
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W.  F.  YOUNG,  INC.,  288  Lyman  St.,  Springfield,  Mass. 
Organized  Co-operation 
A  NEW  BOOK 
By  JOHN  J.  DILLON 
This  book  is  written  in  three 
parts. 
PART  ONE. — The  Develop¬ 
ment  of  the  Agricultural  Indus¬ 
try.  In  five  chapters, 
PART  TWO.  —  Fundamental 
Principles  and  Adaptable  Forms 
of  Co-operative  Organization.  In 
ten  chapters. 
PART  THREE.  —  Application 
of  Co-operation  to  Efficient  and 
Economic  Distribution  of  Farm 
Products.  In  seven  chapters. 
This  is  a  new  treatment  of  the 
co-operative  subject.  Heretofore 
writers  of  books  have  contented 
themselves  with  accounts  of  co¬ 
operative  work  where  established. 
It  has  been  mostly  propaganda 
and  exhortation.  This  was  all 
good  in  its  time.  But  we  have 
grown  beyond  it.  Farmers  are 
now  committed  to  co-operation. 
Once  shy  of  it,  they  are  at  last  a 
unit  for  it.  What  they  want  now 
is  principles  and  definite  policies 
that  have  proved  successful.  This 
book  is  the  first  real  attempt  to 
supply  this  want.  Other,  and  it 
is  to  be  hoped  better,  books  will 
follow  on  this  line;  but  for  the 
present  there  is  no  other  book 
seriously  treating  the  subject  of 
organized  co-operation. 
Bound  in  Cloth 
Price  $1,00 
The  Rural  New-Yorker,  333  West  30th  St.,  New  York 
Live  Stock  Matters 
Conducted  By  Prof.  F.  C.  Minkler 
Pasture  and  Hay  for  Dairy  Cows 
I  would  like  to  re-seed  an  eight-acre  lot 
to  grass  for  dairy  cows.  I  had  the  lot 
plowed  in  Spring,  kept  free  of  weeds ; 
had  it  limed,  one  ton  to  the  acre,  in  Au¬ 
gust,  and  will  re-seed  in  early  Fall.  As  I 
have  often  heard  that  Timothy  is  no  good 
for  cows,  I  would  like  information  as  to 
a  good  grass  mixture  for  Winter  hay,  and 
more  or  less  permanent,  as  I  will  not  have 
the  ground  plowed  up  soon  again.  It  will 
cost  me  over  .$400  by  the  time  it  is  re¬ 
seeded.  Could  I  let  the  cows  pasture  on 
this  hay  lot  in  Fall  without  injuring  it 
for  the  next  hay  crop?  a.  R. 
Great  Neck,  N.  Y. 
You  are  correct  in  calculating  that 
straight  Timothy  hay  is  ill  suited  either 
for  pasture  or  to  be  used  as  a  roughage 
for  dairy  cows.  More  variety  in  the  seed 
mixtures  used  for  meadows  and  pastures 
has  many  advantages.  Under  ordinary 
circumstances  it  is  safe  to  put  in  a  grass 
seed  mixture  with  some  such  nurse  crop, 
as  oats  or  barley,  during  the  early 
Spring ;  this  is  common  practice  through¬ 
out  the  Eastern  section.  On  the  other 
hand,  where  seeding  is  made  in  Septem¬ 
ber,  the  other  plan  that  you  propose 
should  'be  adopted.  The  ground  should  be 
plowed  as  early  as  possible,  Summer-fal¬ 
lowed  in  order  to  destroy  the  weeds,  limed 
in  order  to  establish  fertility  and  favor¬ 
able  conditions  for  the  seed  bed.  The 
following  mixture  of  grass  seeds  is  pro¬ 
posed  :  Alfalfa,  2  lbs. ;  Alsike  clover,  4 
lbs. ;  Timothy,  5  lbs. ;  Red-top,  2  lbs. ; 
White  clover,  1  lb. ;  Meadow  fescue,  1  lb. 
This  should  be  seeded  at  the  rate  of 
seven  quarts,  or  15  lbs.,  per  acre. 
If  it  is  intended  for  meadow  purposes 
rather  than  pasture,  a  mixture  consisting 
of  five  parts  Timothy,  four  parts  of  Al¬ 
sike,  two  of  Red  clover,  two  of  Alfalfa, 
two  of  Red-top,  one  of  White  clover,  one 
of  meadow  fescue,  and  one  o‘f  Sweet  clover 
is  suggested.  The  advantage  of  a  va¬ 
riety  of  this  character  is  twofold.  In  the 
first  place  it  will  enable  one  to  determine 
the  particular  varieties  of  grasses  that  do 
well  under  soil  conditions  that  prevail ; 
and  in  the  second  place  it  will  provide 
ample  variety  to  meet  any  condition  of 
forage  or  roughage.  This  mixture  should 
he  drilled  or  seeded  on  a  well-prepared 
seed  bed  as  early  in  September  as  it  is 
possible  to  provide  favorable  conditions  of 
moisture. 
Feeding  for  Baby  Beef 
Would  you  advise  a  ration  for  a  hull 
calf,  now  five  months  old,  that  I  wish  to 
kill  in  November  for  my  own  consump¬ 
tion  this  Winter?  Up  to  date  he  has  had 
only  skim-milk  and  plenty  of  grass,  and 
estimated  to  weigh  about  300  lbs. 
Potsdam,  N.  Y.  a.  e.  m. 
A  hull  calf  now  five  months  old  that 
has  been  reared  largely  on  skim-milk  and 
grass  would  respond  to  a  ration  consist¬ 
ing  of  five  parts  of  ground  oats,  two  parts 
of  corn,  two  parts  of  bran,  and  one  part 
of  linseed  meal.  Feed  as  much  of  this 
mixture  as  is  required  to  insure  rapid 
and  regular  gains.  Do  not  make  the  mis¬ 
take  of  forcing  this  youngster  during  his 
early  stages  to  such  an  extent  that  he 
puts  on  too  much  flesh.  The  oats  will 
have  a  tendency  to  develop  bone  and  mus¬ 
cle,  and  the  other  ingredients  will  bring 
the  basal  ration  into  balance.  Make  sure 
that  the  calf  has  access  to  clover  or  Al¬ 
falfa  hay  when  the  pasture  season  closes, 
for  legumes  of  this  character  are  rich  in 
mineral  matter,  and  these  constituents 
are  essential  for  growing  animals. 
A  Satisfying  Ration 
On  page  933  a  correspondent  gives  the 
best  hog  feed  he  has  ever  known.  The  ra¬ 
tion  is  200  lbs.  shelled  corn,  50  lbs.  oil- 
meal  and  75  lbs.  ground  oats.  Is  the 
corn  ground  or  left  whole?  It  said  so 
good  for  calves  too,  so  that  made  me 
think  it  must  be  ground.  j.  K.  A. 
Esperance,  N.  Y. 
Perhaps  the  correspondent  who  made 
this  assertion  that  a  combination  of 
shelled  corn,  oilmeal,  and  ground  oats 
was  the  best  hog  feed  ever  known  should 
qualify  the  statement  by  saying  that  it 
was  the  best  combination  that  he  had 
ever  utilized.  'So  far  as  I  know  there  is 
no  one  best  mixture  of  ingredients  in¬ 
tended  for  live  stock  of  any  age  or  type. 
This  combination  would  be  expensive,  for 
there  is  no  justification  in  incorporating 
so  much  oilmeal  into  a  ration  intended 
for  growing  or  fattening  hogs.  Ten  per 
cent  of  tankage  based  upon  the  amount 
of  corn  fed  is  sufficient  to  meet  all  de¬ 
mands  for  swine  feeding. 
Assuming  that  the  tankage  parries 
twice  as  much  protein  as  oilmeal,  the  use 
of  20  per  cent  of  linseed  meal  would 
more  than  meet  the  requirements ;  how¬ 
ever,  if  as  much  as  20  per  cent  of  lin¬ 
seed  meal  were  incorporated  in  rations 
for  pigs  it  would  make  the  ration  too  lax¬ 
ative  for  best  results.  A  mixture  consist¬ 
ing  of  200  lbs.  shelled  corn,  75  lbs.  ground 
oats.  15  lbs.  tankage  or  25  lbs.  linseed 
meal,  would  be  equally  as  efficient.  For 
pigs  under  three  months  of  age  there  is 
an  advantage  in  grinding  the  shelled 
corn ;  for  pigs  older  than  three  months 
the  shelled  corn  is  quite  as  satisfactorv 
as  cornmeal. 
If  the  mixture  were  intended  for  use 
in  feeding  calves  the  corn  of  course  should 
be  ground,  and  the  linseed  meal  used  ex¬ 
clusively,  for  the  tankage  would  not  be 
palatable  for  growing  calves. 
Care  of  Brood  Sows 
Will  you  advise  proper  care  of  two 
brood  sows?  I  must  get  my  feed  from 
local  feed  store,  I  have  Timothy  hay, 
skim-milk,  corn  and  corn  husks;  no  pas¬ 
time  at  present,  but  will  have  it  later. 
What  age  to  farrow?  They  are  six 
months  old,  Chester  White.  w  R 
New  York. 
Timothy  hay  has  praeticallv  no  value 
as  a  feed  for  brood  sows.  All  classes  of 
swine  require  concentrated  feed;  but  the 
use  of  clover  or  Alfalfa  hay  has  served  to 
reduce  the  cost  of  maintenance,  especially 
of  brood  sows.  Since  you  are  forced  to 
purchase  all  of  your  concentrates,  the  fol¬ 
lowing  mixture  is  proposed  :  50  lbs.  corn- 
meal,  25  lbs.  ground  oats,  20  lbs.  white 
middlings,  5  lbs.  digester  tankage.  If  it 
is  inconvenient  to  obtain  the  digester 
tankage,  then  substitute  10  lbs.  of  linseed 
meal.  This  will  be  a  relatively  expensive 
combination,  although  its  cost  can  be  re¬ 
duced  by  feeding  clover  and  Alfalfa  hay. 
The  gilts  should  be  well  grown,  but 
should  not  be  permitted  to  reach  a  degree 
of  flesh  that  would  indicate  high  condi¬ 
tion.  Surplus  flesh  on  breeding  animals 
has  a  tendency  to  decrease  their  value 
and  interferes  materially  with  the  breed¬ 
ing  function.  The  gilts  may  he  bred  when 
they  are  10  months  old,  and  require  a  ges¬ 
tation  period  of  115  days.  It  is  well  to 
have  them  bred  so  as  to  farrow  in  April 
or  May,  for  a  larger  percentage  of  pigs 
can  be  raised  during  this  season  of  the 
year  than  where  they  are  farrowed  during 
February  or  March. 
You  will  find  the  Chester  White  breed 
of  swine  very  satisfactory,  for  they  are 
prolific  and  they  make  good  mothers.  Pro¬ 
vide  quarters  where  the  brood  sows  can 
get  some  regular  exercise,  and  remember 
that  the  more  legume  hay  that  you  can 
get  them  to  consume  the  greater  the 
chances  are  of  their  producing  for  you 
pigs  of  normal  size  and  of  normal  devel¬ 
opment.  If  you  have  either  corn  or  oats 
of  your  own  raising  it  is  not  necessary  to 
buy  the  midlings.  If  you  have  whole 
wheat  it  can  be  substituted  for  the  mid¬ 
dlings  at  prevailing  prices. 
The  Pastoral  Parson  and  His  Country 
Folks 
( Continued  from  Page  1234) 
necticut  is  not  large,  the  crop  is  of  high 
quality,  smooth  and  fine-flavored,  without 
a  sign  of  blight  anywhere.  The  Parson 
never  saw  the  tops  keep  green  so  long. 
Here  it  is  the  16th  of  September  and 
they  seem  to  be  still  growing  —  so 
green  are  the  tops.  Corn  fodder  is 
good,  but  the  ears  are  short  and  nubby ; 
at  least  on  the  Parson’s,  where  the  ground 
was  dry  anway.  Stock  has  to  feed  here 
just  as*  much  as  Winter  time  and  people 
need  to  turn  out  only  for  the  stock  to 
get  water.  Last  year  we  could  not  give 
away  cornstalks — we  actually  tried  to, 
but  already  three  parties  have  tried  to 
buy  what  few  we  may  part  with.  They 
have  to  use  up  their  silo  corn  before  they 
even  begin  to  fill.  It  would  seem  that 
next  year’s  hay  crop  must  needs  suffer, 
as  for  the  most  part  it  has  been  impos¬ 
sible  to.  seed  down  any  land  with  any 
degree  of  success  this  Summer. 
The  Drink  Problem. — A  teacher  in  a 
back  country  school  down  below  here 
asked  a  little  girl  the  other  day  what  in¬ 
vention  made  a  vast  difference  with  agri¬ 
culture  throughout  the  South — especially 
in  connection  with  cotton.  The  girl 
promptly  replied  “Cottage  gin.”  Well,  its 
invention  is  making  a  good  deal  of  dif¬ 
ference  with  the  back  country  regions  of 
Connecticut,  there  is  no  doubt  of  that, 
and  the  Parson  fears  the  girl  spoke  wiser 
than  she  knew.  While  in  old  days  the 
country  folk  went  to  town  to  get  their 
beer,  now  the  city  and  town  folk  go  out 
into  the  country  to  get  their  moonshine, 
and  it  is  a  hard  matter  for  the  country 
worker  to  grapple  with. 
The  Weed  Crop. — Perhaps  the  Parson 
has  not  prayed  for  rain  as  long  and  earn¬ 
estly  as  he  should.  He  has  been  much 
more  inclined  to  talk  about  keeping  the 
ground  well  cultivated  and  dust  covered 
the  first  part  of  the  season,  and  keeping 
the  weeds  down  the  whole  season.  There 
is  no  use  praying  for  rain  with  the  ground 
covered  with  ragweed,  or  complaining 
about  the  drought  with  great  smartweeds 
taking  the  moisture  all  out  of  the  land. 
It  is  perfectly  wonderful  what  good  crops 
there  are  about  here  this  year  where  they 
have  been  kept  clear  of  weeds. 
The  Parson  has  had  several  oppor¬ 
tunities  to  speak  on  his  proposed  trip  to 
St.  Louis.  He  ought  to  explain  that  he 
is  glad  to  meet  and  speak  with  the  people 
and  has  no  fixed  charge  for  speaking  any¬ 
where,  leaving  it  to  the  people  and  their 
ability  and  often  to  the  collection  if  that 
suits  them.  He  will  probably  go  by  way 
of  Chicago  and  return  by  way  of  Wash¬ 
ington,  D.  C. 
