1238 
The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
September  29,  1923 
WM.  LOUDEN 
Exhibited,  In  1907, 
the  first  all-steel  stall 
ever  displayed  at  a 
N ational  Dairy  Show. 
Increase  The  Milk  Checks 
DecreaseTne  Expense 
In  a  nutshell,  this  is  what  every  milker  of  cows  is 
striving  to  do.  More  milk  from  less  feed,  fewer  hours 
in  the  barn  and  a  saving  of  wages  in  caring  for  the 
cows,  mean  more  profit  each  day — a  bigger  milk  check 
coming  in  month  after  month  and  smaller  expense 
checks  going  out — results  that  definitely  increase  the 
profits  from  your  cows. 
Equip  Your  Barn  to  the 
Cows’  Advantage 
Louden  Steel  Stalls  and  Stanchions  make  cows  comfort¬ 
able  and  contented,  protect  their  health,  provide  sani¬ 
tation  for  cows  and  milk,  and  prevent  waste  of  feed. 
The  strongest  and  most  sanitary  stalls  and  stanchions 
built — the  most  comfortable  cow  tie  made.  Simple 
and  neat  because  properly  designed — not  cluttered  up 
with  troublesome  attachments.  Couplings  are  dust- 
proof,  smooth  on  top  and  made  of  certified  malle¬ 
able  iron— tough  and  strong.  Tubing  is  of  high  carbon 
Open-Hearth  Steel  and  will  last  a  lifetime. 
Are  You  Going  to 
Build  or  Remodel 
a  Barn? 
Fill  out  the  Coupon.  Send 
at  once  for  the  Louden 
Burn  Plan  Book  —  no 
charge.  112  pages  of  bam 
building  information  that 
every  bam  builder  should 
have.  Pictures  50  up-to- 
date  barns  with  floor 
plans.  Shows  details  of 
best  arrangement  and 
mosteconomicalconstruc- 
tion,  modem  methods  of 
framing,  best  types  of 
roofs,  ventilation,  drain¬ 
age,  etc , 
Farmers  who  use  this  book 
to  help  them  build  a  bam 
Save  Lumber 
Save  Time 
Save  Labor 
Louden  Barn  Experts 
Will  Help  You 
Get  More  Mow  Capacity 
and  a  Better  Arranged 
Barn  That  Saves  Hun¬ 
dreds  of  Steps  Daily . 
These  trained  barn  plan  men  will  gladly  suggest  how 
to  arrange  your  barn  to  save  thousands  of  time-taking 
steps  in  feeding,  cleaning  the  bam  and  taking  care  of  the  herd  — 
savings  that  frequently  cut  the  time  for  doing  bam  work  square 
in  two.  Perhaps  they  can  suggest  a  few  little  changes  in  your  old 
bam  that  will  make  it  new  again,  so  far  as  convenience  and  the 
saving  of  drudgery  are  concerned.  This  service  is  without  cost  or 
obligation  to  you.  It  adds  nothing  to  the  cost  of  Louden  Equip¬ 
ment— infact  thetime  andlaborit  saves  the  farmer, year  afteryear, 
materially  increase  his  savings.  Let  us  help  you  with  your 
Fill  Out  and  Mail  CouponTqday 
The  Louden  Machinery  Co, 
2664  Court  Street,  Fairfield,  Iowa 
Without  obligation  please  send  me 
the  Louden  Barn  Plan  Book. 
Nairn . . . . 
Town . . . . . . 
R.  F.  D. . . Stats . 
I  expect  to  build  (remodel)  a  barn 
(date) . for  (how 
many )  ...........horses - cows. 
sr ""  1. 1  sa 
Dunamg  proDiems — write  to  us  today. 
The  Louden  Machinery  Company 
2664  Court  St.  (Bst.  1867)  Fairfield,  Iowa 
Branches: 
Albany,  N.  Y.  Chicago,  III.  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
K»MUJf  1^ 
STEEL  STALLS  and  STANCHIONS 
5AVED 
£3020 
fietBmmsNew 
CUT  PRICES. 
pr  W.  T.  Greathouse  writes: 
Fence  received  yesterday.  1 
saved  $30.00  in  buying  from 
you."  Our  new  cut  prices  are 
•ray  below  others— and 
Brown  Pays  Freight 
Write  for  our  new  1923  cut  price 
.  ®*talojr— *e«  the  dollare  you  rave, 
r  150  styles.  Double  galvanized,  open 
hearth  wire.  Roofing  and  paints. 
THE  BROWN  FENCE  &  WIRE  CO. 
Dept.  4304  Cleveland.  Ohio 
PERFECT  ION  ANTI-COW 
THE  MOORE  BROS..  64  GREEN  STREET. 
>J  De- 
j  lirered 
KICKE  R 
ALBANY,  N.  Y 
“The  Truth  About  Wire  Fence’ 
SOLUTION  OF  THE  MYSTERY 
THAT  HAS  COST  FARMERS 
MILLIONS  OF  DOLLARS 
A  cedar  post  outlasts  a  pine, so 
two  rolls  of  wire  fence  may 
look  alike,  and  cost  the  same, 
yet  one  will  last  twice  as  long 
as  the  other.  Our  circular 
BoIve9  the  puzzle  and  shows 
you  how  to  save  that  100  per 
cent.  You  can  know  what  you 
are  buying  just  as  surely  as 
Write  for  a  copy  today.  you  can  tell  Oak  from  Poplar. 
BONO  STEEL  POST  CO.,  38  East  Maumee  St,  ADRIAN,  MICH. 
KITSELMAN  FENCE 
“I  Saved  263fc  a  Rod,”  Bays  J.  E. 
Londry,  Weedsport,  N.  Y .  You  also  save. 
We  Pay  the  Freight.  Write  for  Free 
Catalog  of  Farm,  Poultry,  Lawn  Fence. 
KITSELMAN  BROS.  Dept.  230  M  UN  Cl  E,  IND. 
Illll| 
I 
Good  fence  is  as  necessary  to  the 
farmer’s  welfare  as  a  good  plow. 
Royal  Fence  is  a  positive  invest¬ 
ment  that  pays  you  dividends  in 
stock  and  property  protection. 
Your  dealer  has  Royal  Fence  in  stock 
for  quick  delivery. 
k. 
t 
AMERICAN  STEEL  &  WIRE  COMPANY 
Chicago 
New  York 
Boston 
Dallas 
Denver. 
II 
Live  Stock  Matters 
Conducted  By  Prof.  F.  C.  Minkler 
Planning  the  Nutritive  Ratio 
What  is  the  proper  proportion  of  pro¬ 
tein,  fat  and  carbohydrates  for  a  Winter 
grain  ration  for  a  cow  that  gives  a  good 
mess  of  milk?  Her  only  other  food  is 
hay  of  a  fine  (not  coarse)  variety.  What 
proportion  if  I  feed  clover  hay,  or  if  I 
feed  oat  straw  instead  of  hay  at  noon? 
What  proportions  when  she  is  out  on 
pasture?  How  much  by  weight  should 
be  fed  in  each  case?  Wliat  is  the  analy¬ 
sis  of  common  cornmeal?  Mixed  feed, 
tests  14-3%-55;  bran  is  $2;  cotton¬ 
seed,  $3 ;  cornmeal,  $2.  T  can  get  Buf¬ 
falo  bran  and  gluten  meal  at  $2.75. 
Monroe,  Me.  E.  C. 
The  nutritive  ratio,  or  the  proportion 
of  protein  to  carbohydrates  that  should 
apply  in  any  given  ration  intended  for 
dairy  cows,  must  of  necessity  vary  ac¬ 
cording  to  the  conditions  presented.  While 
standards  have  been  established  that 
serve  as  reasonable  guides  for  compound¬ 
ing  rations,  no  fixed  rule  can  be  definitely 
applied  to  all  conditions.  Much  depends 
upon  the  degree  of  flesh  that  the  cows 
carry.  Again,  consideration  must  be 
Dakotas,  where  corn  and  wheat,  coupled 
with  oats  and  barley,  when  supplemented 
with  linseed  meal  and  gluten  feed,  enable 
the  dairy  farmers  in  these  sections  to 
produce  milk  profitably. 
Research  work  reported  from  the  Wis¬ 
consin  Experiment  Station  leads  us  to  be¬ 
lieve  that  rations  carrying  as  low  as  17 
per  cent  of  protein  compare  favorably 
with  those  carrying  22  per  cent  of  protein 
in  the  economical  production  of  milk 
when  one  considers  the  importance  of  the 
reproductive  function.  A  number  of  years 
ago  it  was  quite  definitely  established  that 
the  use  of  rations  carrying  extravagant 
amounts  of  protein  interfered  substan¬ 
tially  with  the  reproductive  function. 
This  deduction  was  made  from  the  com¬ 
pilation  of  the  records  of  the  A.R.O. 
cows,  wherein  it  was  found  that  in¬ 
dividuals  that  established  the  highest  rec¬ 
ords  failed 'in  many  instances  to  demon¬ 
strate  their  continued  usefulness  and 
value  as  breeders.  Production  and  re¬ 
production  must  maintain  definite  rela¬ 
tionships.  Unless  a  cow  can  produce 
milk  economically  and  during  the  same 
period  produce  a  calf  regularly  her  value 
There  seems  no  question  about  the  fact  that  sheep  are  coming  back  to  the  New 
York  farm.  We  find  everywhere  evidence  of  this.  The  flocks  are  generally  small, 
but  they  are  of  good  quality  and  farmers  will  increase  the  size  of  the  flock  as 
business  seems  to  warrant  it.  One  good  feature  about  it  is  that  farmers  are  inter¬ 
esting  their  children  in  this  line  of  live  stock.  There  are  few  better  animals  than 
sheep  to  serve  as  a  companion  for  the  young  people.  In  some  respects  they  are 
better  than  calves  or  hogs.  It  is  a  good  thing  to  see  this  change  work  out.  The 
picture  shows  Paul  and  Wilbur  Ganoung,  of  Interlaken,  N.  Y„  who  are  starting 
the  live  stock  business  by  taking  care  of  four  orphan  lambs.  The  first  thing  you 
know,  these  boys  will  have  a  flock  of  sheep  that  will  be  worth  something  and  a 
credit  to  them  and  to  the  farm  as  well. 
given  to  the  amount  of  milk  that  the  in¬ 
dividual  is  producing  and,  in  addition,  the 
successful  dairyman  gives  consideration 
to  the  underlying  principles  of  heredity 
which  often  determine  feeding  qualities 
or  a  lack  of  them ;  in  other  words,  the 
predominating  characteristic  of  certain 
families  and  certain  types  of  dairy  cattle 
is  toward  the  consumption  of  large 
amounts  of  feed.  It  is  natural  for  them 
to  consume  what  as  applied  to  other  in¬ 
dividuals  would  be  extravagant  amounts. 
They  can  utilize  this  excessive  amount  of 
feed  efficiently  in  the  production  of  milk 
or  in  the  storage  and  maintenance  of 
bodily  energy,  and  from  this  it  is  easy 
to  conclude  that  their  milk-making  pro¬ 
clivities  have  been  systematically  de¬ 
veloped. 
Again,  there  is  a  difference  of  opinion 
as  to  whether  wide  rations  or  narrow  ra¬ 
tions  should  prevail.  In  Wisconsin  the 
tendency  is  for  wide  rations.  In  this  sec¬ 
tion  corn,  barley,  oats,  and  carbohydrate 
carriers  of  this  group,  are  available  at 
reasonable  cost ;  in  fact,  the  producer 
protests  nowadays  that  cost  of  produc¬ 
tion  is  not  being  obtained  for  wheat  and 
barley.  Cows  that  are  fed  wide  rations 
are  apt  to  put  on  flesh,  although  here 
again  the  question  of  inheritance  be¬ 
comes  a  factor.  A  dairy  cow  that  is  bred 
intensively  for  milk  production  cannot 
easily  be  fattened  even  though  the  ration 
consist  largely  of  carbohydrates.  Through, 
out  the  dairy  districts  of  Wisconsin  this 
type  of  cow  predominates,  and  there  is  a 
tendency  on  the  part  of  Wisconsin  farm¬ 
ers  to  feed  rations  believed  to  be  deficient 
in  protein. 
The  dairy  farmer  who  operates  in 
E.astern  territory,  notably  in  New  Jersey, 
Connecticut.  Massachusetts,  and  sections 
of  New  York  State,  has  adopted  rations 
that  contain  more  protein.  This  is  be¬ 
cause  they  have  of  necessity  purchased 
the  bulk  of  their  feed  rather  than  pro¬ 
duced  it,  and  have  calculated  that  protein 
can  be  purchased  more  advantageously. 
"While  it  is  true  that  in  the  aggregate  ra¬ 
tions  for  dairy  cows  do  not  contain 
enough  protein,  the  trend  of  research  as 
applied  to  animal  nutrition  seems  to  in¬ 
dicate  that  the  tendency  of  recent  years 
has  over-emphasized  the  importance  of 
narrow  or  high  protein  rations.  The 
choosing  of  the  source  of  protein  has 
quite  as  much  importance  as  the  item  of 
determining  the  total  amount  of  protein. 
This  fact  is  substantiated  throughout  the 
sections  of  Wisconsin,  Minnesota,  and  the 
as  a  dairy  animal  is  not  of  the  character 
which  will  enrich  the  dairy  farmer. 
Answering  your  question  in  the  con¬ 
crete,  assuming  that  you  must  limit  your 
ration  to  corn,  bran,  cottonseed  meal  and 
gluten,  and  realizing  that  it  is  not  your 
purpose  to  feed  succulence  of  any  sort, 
and  knowing  that  the  roughage  is  Tim¬ 
othy  hay  or  straw,  I  should  recommend 
a  ration  carrying  not  less  than  22  per 
cent  of  protein.  This  would  result  from 
combining  the  materials  in  the  following 
proportion:  300  lbs.  cornmeal.  200  lbs.  • 
bran,  150  lbs.  gluten  meal,  250  lbs.  cot¬ 
tonseed  meal,  100  lbs.  linseed  meal. 
I  should  not  use  any  of  the  mixed  feed 
since  it  carries  only  14  per  cent  of  pro¬ 
tein  and  naturally  is  an  expensive  source 
of_  energy  or  protein.  The  criticism  of 
this  ration  lies  in  the  fact  that  it  is  too 
concentrated,  lacks  'bulk,  and  would  not 
be  especially  palatable.  The  addition  of 
moistened  beet  pulp  or  ground  oats  would 
increase  its  usefulness.  Feed  1  lb.  of 
this  grain  ration  for  each  3%  lbs.  of 
milk  produced  per  cow  per  day  and,  in 
addition,  feed  all  of  the  roughage  that  the 
cow  will  eat.  Straw  has  very  little  value 
on  the  inside  of  a  cow ;  it  is  worth  more 
under  the  cow  than  in  the  cow,  and  for 
this  reason  it  must  be  recognized  primar¬ 
ily  as  a  filler  and  not  as  a  feeder. 
Cornmeal  of  average  quality  will  ana¬ 
lyze  about  8  per  cent  of  protein,  carries 
14  per  cent  of  moisture,  1.4  per  cent  ash. 
0  per  cent  of  crude  protein.  2  per  cent  of 
fiber  and  about  65  per  cent  of  nitrogen 
free  extract ;  100  lbs.  of  cornmeal  will 
produce  about  S5  lbs.  of  digestible  ma¬ 
terial. 
Fall  Treatment  of  Soil 
I  have  recently  purchased  a  farm  that 
has  not  been  plowed  in  the  last  five  years. 
The  ground  is  heavy  sod  (I  mean  is  very 
grassy;  the  ground  itself  is  sandy  loam). 
Will  you  advise  which  is  best,  to  plow 
now  and  seed  it  to  rye,  or  just  plow  it 
only,  or  leave  it  till  Spring  and  then 
plow  it,  same  as  any  other?  j.  G. 
South  Plainfield,  N.  J. 
We  should  plow  this  Fall  and  seed  to 
rye.  That  is  the  best  grain  for  such  land. 
The  soil  will  be  in  better  condition  for 
such  plowing.  You  can  -plow  under  the 
rye  next  Spring.  If  for  any  reason  you 
are  unable  to  plow  next  year,  you  will 
have  a  crop  of  grain  and  straw,  at  least. 
