The  RURAL  NEW-YORKEk 
1311 
YOU’LL  get  quick  relief  from 
pain  with  the  first  appli¬ 
cation  of  Gombault’s  Balsam. 
It  penetrates  without  blister¬ 
ing,  drives  out  the  pain,  leaves 
you  feeling  fit  as  a  fiddle. 
Sprains,  bruises,  burns,  open 
cuts,  deep  seated  strains, 
muscular  and  inflammatory 
rheumatism,  lumbago,  sciat- 
ica,sore  throat  and  chest  colds 
yield  to  its  healing  power  with 
but  one  or  two  applications. 
It’s  so  effective  that  one  bottle 
lasts  a  long  time. 
For  forty  years  Gombault’s  Bal¬ 
sam  has  been  the  one  indispensable 
remedy  in  thousands  of  households 
here  and  abroad.  You’ll  adopt  it, 
too,  once  you’ve  had  a  chance  to 
prove  its  remarkable  healing  quali¬ 
ties. 
Don’t  wait  till  you  feel  the  sting 
of  pain.  Get  a  bottle  of  Gombault’s 
Balsam  today. 
Sold  by  druggists  everywhere  for 
$1.50  per  bottle  or  sent  by 
parcel  post  upon  receipt  of  price. 
GOOD  FOR  ANIMALS  TOO 
Gombault’s  Balsam  is  a  reliable 
and  effective  remedy  for  most  horse 
troubles.  Keeps  your  horses  sound 
and  working.  The  Lawrence- Wil¬ 
liams  Company,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Sole  Distributors  for  the  United 
States  and  Canada. 
GOMBAULT'S 
-  BALSAM 
l  The  Imported  Liniment 
HEAtjdNC  and  ANTISEPTIC 
/CANVAS  COVERS n 
FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 
Protect  your  machines,  wagons  and  tools  from  the  sun 
and  storms  and  they  will  last  twice  as  long.  We  make 
canvas  covers  of  all  sizes.  Write  for  prices  today 
BOWMAN  -  DURHAM  .  ROBBINS,  Inc.* 
Dept,  R,  26  Front  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
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Is  there  a  single  book  in  the  public 
library  in  your  town  which  gives  an  ac¬ 
curate  picture  of  farm  life  of  an  interest¬ 
ing  story  of  real  farm  people? 
Many  city  people  form  their  opinion  of 
farmers  and  farm  life  from  the  books  they 
read.  Therefore,  there  ought  to  be  at 
least  one  good  book  picturing  real  farm 
life,  with  its  mixture  of  bright  and  dark 
sides,  in  every  town  or  grange  library. 
“Hope  Farm  Notes”  is  a  well-printea 
224-page  book,  containing  25  interesting 
stories  of  farm  life  and  country  people. 
Many  consider  it  the  best  book  of  country 
life  which  has  ever  been  published. 
Ask  for  this  book  at  your  library,  and 
if  it  isn’t  there  tell  them  they  ought  to 
have  it.  You  will  enjoy  the  book  your¬ 
self,  and  it  will  give  those  not  familiar 
with  farm  life  a  better  understanding  of 
real  country  people. 
Many  people  are  making  a  present  of 
this  book  to  city  friends  or  to  their  town, 
grange  or  school  library,  and  it  is  always 
considered  a  welcome  gift. 
The  price  is  only  $1.50,  postpaid.  Just 
fill  out  the  coupon  below  and  mail  with 
a  check  or  money  order. 
RURAL  NEW-YORKER, 
333  West  30th  St.,  New  York. 
Gentlemen. — Enclosed  Ond  $1.50,  for  which 
mail  me  a  cloth-bound  copy  ot  Hope  Farm  Notes. 
{fame 
Street  or  R.  F.  D 
Postofflce 
State 
Making  a  Concrete  Roof 
Several  of  our  readers  have  written  us 
of  late  about  concrete  roofs,  and  whether 
they  have  proved  efficient.  They  prob¬ 
ably  refer  to  the  statements  that  were 
made  some  years  ago  about  using  a  coating 
of  concrete  over  old  shingle  roofs.  At 
that  time  it  was  recommended  to  put  a 
covering  of  chicken  wire  or  woven  wire 
fencing  over  the  ‘roof  on  top  of  the  old 
shingles.  Then  we  were  to  pour  on  soft 
concrete,  making  a  coating  from  2  to  3 
in.  all  over  the  wire.  The  wire  was  to 
strengthen  the  concrete,  and  the  theory 
was  that  this  would  provide  a  concrete 
roof  that  would  last  for  years,  and  give 
good  satisfaction.  A  number  of  these 
roofs  were  actually  made,  and  as  they  ap¬ 
peared  to  be  satisfactory  the  first  year 
or  two  the  owners  were  quite  enthusiastic 
over  the  plan.  We  hear  very  little  about 
them  now.  however,  and  think  that  they 
failed  after  a  few  years.  The  heavy 
weight  of  concrete  on  the  old  roof  seems 
to  have  smashed  in  the  rafters  after  a 
time,  and  there  was  some  trouble  from 
cracks  in  the  concrete,  which  grew  into 
bad  leaks.  There  may  be  a  few  of  these 
roofs  now  in  use,  but  on  the  general  rec¬ 
ord  this  plan  cannot  be  advised. 
There  is  a  form  of  concrete  shingle  put 
out  by  some  of  the  manufacturers,  and 
in  some  cases  these  shingles  or  narrow 
slabs  can  be  homemade.  These  are  fas¬ 
tened  on  to  the  rafters,  and  appear  to 
have  given  fair  satisfaction  in  some 
cases.  In  other  cases  metal  rafters  are 
fastened  and  the  forms  are  laid  on  them, 
with  concrete  poured  in  so  as  to  make  a 
solid  roof  or  cover.  Some  manufactur¬ 
ing  buildings  are  covered  in  this  way, 
apparently  with  satisfaction,  but.  gener¬ 
ally  speaking,  for  small  buildings  or  farm 
use,  the  concrete  roof  is  not  very  satis¬ 
factory. 
If  any  of  our  people  have  had  experi¬ 
ence  with  this  and  have  been  able  to 
make  the  concrete  top  remain  on  the  old 
shingle  roof,  we  shall  be  glad  to  hear 
from  them.  In  some  cases  where  work 
of  this  kind  is  done  cinders  are  used  in 
making  the  concrete.  This  gives  a  lighter 
weight,  and  of  course  that  is  an  advan¬ 
tage  in  a  roof. 
Logs  with  the  Bark  On 
I  am  about  to  build  a  log  hut.  I  desire 
to  use  logs  with  the  bark  on  them.  Can 
you  advise  me  what  time  the  tree  should 
be  cut  in  order  to  prevent  the  bark  from 
peeling.  I  have  been  told  that  they 
should  be  girdled  while  the  sap  is  running 
down.  C.  H.  S. 
The  proper  time  to  cut  trees  to  retain 
the  bark  is  when  the  sap  is  down,  prefer¬ 
ably  in  the  Winter.  When  they  are  cut 
they  should  be  rolled  up  on  to  a  skidway 
(a  couple  of  small  logs  placed  so  as  to 
keep  the  logs  from  resting  on  the  ground) 
one  tier  deep,  and  allowed  to  stay  there 
until  the  latter  part  of  June  or  the  first 
of  July,  so  as  to  dry  out  thoroughly. 
After  that  they  can  be  used  without  much 
fear  of  the  bark  coming  off.  Very  often 
such  logs  are  slabbed  and  used  for  interior 
decorations  in  rustic  cottages  with  good 
success.  -  s.  J. 
Heating  Garage 
Would  you  give  me  information  as  to 
correct  and  best  method  of  heating  ga¬ 
rage  for  one  car  in  Winter?  f.  t. 
The  problem  of  heating  a  garage  ’n 
cold  weather  would  seem  to  be  merely 
one  of  supplying  the  needed  warmth  in 
the  most  convenient  and  economical  man¬ 
ner.  There  are  special  garage  heaters 
on  the  market,  these  consisting  of  hot 
water  pipes  to  be  canned  along  an  out¬ 
side  wall  and  connected  with  a  simple 
coal  burning  heater  in  the  building,  but 
I  see  no  particular  advantage  which 
these  would  have  over  a  coal  stove  of 
sufficient  size  to  keep  the  temperature  of 
the  room  above  the  freezing  point. 
But  little  heat  is  required,  where  pro¬ 
tection  from  freezing  is  the  only  object 
in  heating  the  garage,  and,  in  some  cases, 
it  might  be  feasible  to  connect  the  ga¬ 
rage  with  a  steam  or  hot  water  heating 
plant  in  the  dwelling-house,  carrying  a 
protected  pipe  for  steam  or  hot  water 
underground.  If  the  garage  happens  to 
be  near  a  factory  using  steam,  it  might 
be  possible  to  use  waste  steam  from  a 
boiler  for  this  purpose. 
So  far  as  I  know,  there  is  no  one  best 
method  of  heating  a  garage ;  the  circum¬ 
stances  in  each  case  should  govern  the 
method  used.  M.  b.  d. 
How  lead  helps  to  put  color 
into  your  life 
LIFE  is  a  constantly  moving, 
j  flashing  panorama  of  color. 
And  much  of  the  beauty  of  this 
colorful  world  you  owe  to  lead. 
Lead  in  dyeing 
white,  lead  white,  and  Kremser 
white  are  pure  white- lead. 
Even  the  collapsible  tubes  in 
which  the  artist  buys  his  colors 
are  made  of  lead  or  a  lead 
alloy. 
Lead  is  important  in  keeping 
colors  alive  and  bright  in  dyed 
fabrics.  Lead  acetate  (or  some¬ 
times  lead  nitrate)  is  used  as  a 
mordant.  That  is,  it  combines 
with  the  dye  turning  what  was 
a  soluble  material  into  one  that 
is  insoluble.  Thus,  the  dye- 
maker  first  impregnates  the 
fabric  with  the  lead  compound 
by  dipping  it  in  tne  lead  acetate 
solution.  Then,  when  he  dips  it 
into  the  dye,  the  color  combines 
with  the  lead  compound  to 
form  a  color  compound  that 
will  not  wash  out. 
The  housewife  who  dyes  her 
clothes  or  rugs  often  uses  lead 
acetate  in  the  same  way  to  fix 
the  color.  But  when  she  buys 
it  at  the  store,  she  asks  for 
Sugar  of  Lead. 
Lead  nitrate  is  used  also  in 
printing  on  calico  and  other 
similar  materials. 
Lead  helps  to  color  papers 
as  well  as  fabrics.  It  is  in  some 
of  the  colors  with  which  the 
ground-up  pulp  is  dyed  before 
it  is  pressed  out  into  paper. 
In  the  artist’s  studio 
Lead  gets  on  the  artist’s  can¬ 
vas  twice.  First  he  applies  a 
surface  or  foundation  of  white- 
lead  or  litharge  before  starting 
to  paint.  Then  he  applies  his 
pigments,  several  of  which  have 
lead  in  them. 
Chrome  yellow  and  chrome 
red  are  lead  chromates.  Flake 
Another  kind  of  paint 
Another  of  lead’s  important  con¬ 
tributions  to  daily  life  is  as  ordi¬ 
nary  house  paint.  Manufacturers 
use  white-lead  as  the  basic  ingre¬ 
dient  in  their  paints  because  it 
makes  a  paint  that  gives  the  best 
protection  to  the  covered  surface. 
“Save  the  surface  and  you  save 
all,”  is  being  accepted  as  a  national 
maxim.  And  many  owners  are  sav¬ 
ing  the  surfaces  of  their  houses  by 
painting  them  with  white-lead 
paint. 
Look  for  the  Dutch  Boy 
National  Lead  Company  makes 
white-lead  and 
sells  it,  mixed  with 
pure  linseed  oil, 
under  the  name 
and  trade-mark  of 
Dutch  Boy 
White-Lead.  The 
figure  of  the  Dutch 
Boy  is  reproduced 
on  every  keg  and 
is  a  guarantee  of 
exceptional  purity. 
Dutch  Boy  products  also  include 
red-lead,  linseed  oil,  flatting  oil, 
babbitt  metals,  and  solder. 
Among  other  products  manufac¬ 
tured  by  National  Lead  Company 
are  battery  litharge,  battery  red- 
lead,  die  castings,  cinch  expansion 
bolts,  sheet  lead,  and  Hoyt  Hard- 
lead  gutters,  pipes,  flashings,  and 
other  fittings  for  buildings. 
More  about  lead 
If  you  use  lead,  or  think  you 
might  use  it  in  any  form,  write  us 
for  specific  information. 
NATIONAL  LEAD  COMPANY 
New  York,  111  Broadway;  Boston,  131  State  St.;  Buffalo,  116  Oak  St. ; 
Chicago,  900  West  18th  St.;  Cincinnati,  659  Freeman  Ave.;  Cleveland, 
820  W est  Superior  Ave. ;  Pittsburgh,  National  Lead  &  Oil  Co.  of  Pa. ,  316 
Fourth  Ave.;  Philadelphia,  John  T.  Lewis  &  Bros.  Co.,  437  Chestnut 
St.;  St.  Louis,  722  Chestnut  St.;  San  Francisco,  485  California  St. 
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