V»  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
1495 
GIFTS  FOR 
EVERY  MEMBER 
of  the  Family 
NEW  IMPROVED  YANKEE 
The  ideal  watch  for  the  every  ■  day 
American.  $2.00 
YANKEE  RADIOLTTE 
Particularly  valuable  to  motorists ,sports 
men,  nursing  mothers,  etc.  $3.00 
JUNIOR 
Small  size,  thin  model.  The  favorite 
watch  of  millions  of  men  and  boys.$3.50 
MIDGET 
For  women,  girls  and  small  boys.  $3.50 
WATERBURY 
A  jeweled ,  iz-size  watch  that  combines 
stamina  with  style.  $5.00 
RELIANCE 
A  fine7-jeweled  watch.  Thin  model.  A 
thoroughbred  in  every  detail.  (In  gold 
filled  case  gio.oo.)  $7.00 
Highest  Quality — Longest  Wearing 
Work  Shoe  Made 
Chocolate  brown  up¬ 
pers  of  heavy  chrome 
re-tanned  leather,  pli¬ 
able,  water-resisting. 
Two  insoles  of  oak  tan 
sole  leather,  heavy  out- 
sol  es  of  toughest  fibre. 
Outwears  leather  two  to 
one.  Easily  resoled.  Rubber 
heel.  Many  customers  wear 
them  for  two  years  and  longer. 
SATISFACTION  GUARANTEED  . 
Satisfaction  guaranteed  or  money  back.  For 
medium  width  order  London  Last.  Order 
Munson  Last  for  extra  broad  toes.  State  size 
and  last  and  pay  postman  only  $4.50  plus 
postage  for  style  C.  J.  illustrated.  To  save 
cost  of  postage,  send  $4.50  with  your  order 
and  shoes  will  be  sent  prepaid.  If  shoes  are  not 
satisfactory  in  every  way,  return  shoes  un¬ 
worn  and  your  money  will  be  refunded  imme¬ 
diately.  Guaranteed  by 
RUBBERHIDE  COMPANY 
Dept.  19  683  Atlantic  Ave.  Boston,  Mass. 
Sure  Relief 
FOR  INDIGESTION 
6  Bell-ans 
Hot  water 
Sure  Relief 
ELL-ANS 
25$  and  75$  Packages  Everywhere 
CHAPTER  VII 
PRINCIPLES  OF 
COOPERATION 
Do  you  know  the  three 
cardinal  principles  that  mark 
a  Cooperative  Organization  ? 
They  are  defined  in  the  new 
book,  “Organized Cooperation” 
with  several  other  rules  essential 
to  full  and  permanent  success. 
This  Chapter  should  be  read 
and  reread  by  every  member  of 
all  Farm  Cooperative  Associa¬ 
tions.  If  these  principles  are 
faithfully  applied  to  farm  coopera¬ 
tion  they  will  not  only  avert  many 
disappointments  and  losses,  but 
insure  permanent  success. 
The  book  is  sent  postpaid  for 
one  dollar. 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
333  West  30th  St.,  New  York  City 
When  you  write  advertisers  mention 
The  Rural  New-Yorker  and  you’ll  get 
a  quick  reply  and  a  “square  deal.”  See 
guarantee  editorial  page .  :  :  : 
Legal  Questions 
■  -  .  ■  — g 
Ownership  of  Fallen  Tree 
If  a  large  tree  blows  down  so  that  the 
top  of  it  for  about  12  ft.  falls  over  a  line 
fence  and  breaks  the  tops  of  two  of  my 
neighbor’s  (valuable)  apple  trees,  who 
is  liable  for  damage  done?  I  am  renting 
this  farm,  and  I  told  my  neighbor  that 
if  he  cared  to  cut  the  part  of  the  tree 
that  had  fallen  on  his  side  of  the  fence 
and  nse  it  for  wood  he  should  do  so,  as 
I  thought  it  rightfully  belonged  to  him. 
Did  it?  The  owner  of  the  farm,  which 
I  occupy,  wishing  to  make  trouble,  in¬ 
sists  that  the  wood  should  not  have  been 
so  disposed  of.  and  I  am  wondering  if 
he.  might  not  be  liable  for  damage  to 
trees  and  loss  of  fruit,  as  the  ground 
was  covered  with  beautiful  Winter  ap¬ 
ples,  m.  M. 
The  tree  belongs  to  the  owner  of  the 
land — no  matter  where  it  fell,  but  the 
owner  would  have  no  legal  right  to  go  on 
his  neighbor’s  land,  without,  permission, 
and  cut  up  the  top.  The  owner  in  such 
a  case  is  responsible  for  any  damage  done 
by  the  falling  tree,  and  we  consider  a 
sensible  and  just  way  of  settling  such  a 
trouble  to  permit  the  neighbor  to  cut  up 
the  top  for  fuel. 
Ownership  of  Manure 
In  case  all  grain  and  hay  are  pur¬ 
chased  by  a  tenant,  does  the  manure 
from  his  cattle  belong  to  him,  to  be  sold 
or  moved  from  the  farm  he  rents?  H.  M. 
Under  such  conditions  the  manure 
would  belong  to  the  tenant.  If  such  ma¬ 
nure  were  made  from  grain  or  fodder 
grown  on  the  farm  it  would  be  considered 
part  of  the  real  estate,  and  thus  belong 
to  the  owner.  The  evident  origin  of  this 
rule  was  to  prevent  the  loss  of  fertility 
from  the  farni.  In  the  old  English  land 
laws  it  was  often  agreed  that  the  flocks 
of  the  tenant  must  be  folded  on  the  lord’s 
land  at  night,  so  as  to  save  the  manure 
for  him. 
Posting  Muskrat  Land 
Some  time  ago  I  read  directions  for 
posting  farm  land  against  trespass.  I 
have  on  my  farm  a  large  ice  pond  with 
a  small  creek  running  through  it.  There 
are  quite  a  lot  of  muskrats  in  the  pond, 
and  every  year  someone  else  gets  them.  I 
consider  that  this  crop  of  fur  is  as  much 
mine  as  the  crop  of  ice  which  I  sell  off 
the  pond.  Will  you  give  me  information 
regarding  the  posting  of  this  land?  Do 
I  have  to  post  the  entire  farm?  A  rail¬ 
road  runs  between  my  house  and  rhe 
pond,  and  I  would  prefer  to  post  only  the 
land  south  of  the  railroad.  J.  E.  w. 
New  York. 
Under  the  law  you  can  post  the  whole 
or  any  part  of  your  land  against  tres¬ 
pass  in  accordance  with  the  directions  re¬ 
cently  published  in  The  R.  N.-Y.  When 
your  land  is  properly  posted  it  is  unlaw¬ 
ful  for  anyone  to  disturb  or  take  fish  or 
game  on  your  posted  land,  or  trespass 
thereon  with  a  rod,  gun,  trap  or  any 
other  device  by  which  fish,  birds  or  quad¬ 
rupeds  maye  be  disturbed  or  killed. 
Mortgage  on  Inherited  Property 
Three  years  ago  my  father  died,  and 
a  large  estate  in  South  Dakota  was  left 
to  me  and  the  rest  of  the  family.  The 
oldest  brother  in  the  family  was  ap¬ 
pointed  administrator.  The  will  had  been 
made,  but  was  not  recorded.  We  would 
like  to  know  the  South  Dakota  law  con¬ 
cerning  the  sale  of  the  land.  Must  it  be 
sold  at  public  auction,  or  has  he  right 
to  sell  it  to  private  individuals?  One 
of  the  heirs  has  a  mortgage  against  his 
share  of  the  inheritance.  Does  that  hinder 
the  settling  of  the  real  estate?  Should 
not  the  administrator  ask  the  consent  of 
all  the  other  heirs  when  one  of  the  heirs 
asks  for  a  loan  on  the  estate?  There  are 
three  children  of  minor  age.  Does  that 
hinder  the  settling  of  the  real  estate?  If 
the  heirs  wish  to  know  concerning  the 
distribution  of  the  money  or  any  other 
questions  should  not  the  administrator 
answer  them?  J.  D.  L. 
New  York. 
There  are  no  reasons  why  one  of  the 
heirs  could  not  give  a  claim  on  his  por¬ 
tion  of  the  estate  if  he  could  find  anyone 
to  take  it.  Of  course  the  fact  that  some 
of  the  heirs  were  minors  does  hinder  the 
selling  of  the  real  estate.  We  have  not 
sufficient  facts  to  make  a  definite  answer. 
Of  course,  you  will  have  to  have  an  at¬ 
torney,  and  he  should  be  able  to  advise 
you.  Probably  you  will  have  an  attorney 
in  South  Dakota  where  the  property  is 
located.  N.  T. 
Why  you  should  use 
Gargoyle  Mobiloil  Arctic 
in  your 
|  STUDEBAKER 
ENGINE  J 
/  BUICK 
ENGINE  \ 
i  MAXWELL 
ENGINE  1 
1  or  OVERLAND 
ENGINE  I 
during  winter 
WINTER  makes  fresh  demands 
upon  the  lubricating  system 
of  your  automobile  engine. 
It  is  essential  that  your  lubricating 
system  provide  immediate  and 
thorough  distribution  of  the  oil  to  all 
engine  parts. 
Some  lubricating  systems  distribute 
the  heavier-bodied  oils  under  summer 
operating  conditions,  but  due  to  cer¬ 
tain  features  of  design  will  require 
an  oil  of  special  fluidity  now  that 
winter  is  here.  This  is  not  true  of  all 
cars  as  some  are  designed  to  use  the 
same  oil  both  summer  and  winter. 
Among  others,  the  Studebaker, 
Maxwell,  Buick  and  Overland  lubri¬ 
cating  systems  employ  certain  features 
which  make  it  imperative  to  use  a 
winter  oil  which  will  not  unduly 
thicken  or  congeal  in  cold  weather. 
If  you  drive  any  of  these  cars  the 
following  information  should  not 
only  be  interesting,  but  helpful,  if  the 
recommendations  are  followed,  in 
improving  winter  performance  and 
reducing  the  troubles  which  cold 
weather  operation  produces. 
STUDEBAKER 
All  Studebaker  engines  are  lubricated  by  a 
Splash  Circulating  lubricating  system.  A 
gear  type  oil  pump,  located  on  the  rear  of 
the  engine  and  on  the  cam  shaft  level, 
about  10  inches  above  the  oil  level,  forces 
oil  directly  to  splash  troughs  under  each 
cylinder  bore. 
The  connecting  rods  dip  into  the  oil  in 
these  troughs,  creating  an  oil  mist  which 
lubricates  all  engine  parts. 
Oils  of  good  fluidity  atomize  more  easily 
and  more  thoroughly  than  heavier-bodied 
lubricants. 
Under  the  lower  operating  temperatures 
of  winter  it  is  important  that  the  oil  be  of 
good  fluidity  in  order  to  assure  thorough 
distribution  to  the  piston  pin  bearings, 
cylinder  walls  and  pistons,  as  well  as  all 
other  engine  parts. 
Gargoyle  Mobiloil  Arctic  meets  these 
requirements. 
MAXWELL 
The  positive  operation  of  the  Maxwell  Force 
Feed  lubricating  system  depends  upon  the- 
impellor  type  oil  pump  receiving  an  unfail¬ 
ing  supply  of  lubricating  oil. 
As  the  pump  is  located  at  a  considerable 
height  above  the  oil  level  with  both  the  oil 
suction  and  discharge  lines  outside  the 
crankcase,  it  is  important  in  cold  weather  to 
use  an  oil  of  exceptional  fluidity.  Otherwise 
circulation  of  the  oil  may  be  interrupted. 
Gargoyle  Mobiloil  Arctic  possesses  the 
proper  fluidity  to  assure  the  thorough  prim¬ 
ing  and  distribution  necessary  under  these 
conditions  and  has  the  proper  character  to 
provide  adequate  engine  lubrication. 
BUICK 
The  Buick  engine  employs  a  splash  cir¬ 
culating  system  of  lubrication.  In  this 
system,  lubrication  of  the  cylinders,  pis¬ 
tons,  piston  rings  and  piston  pin  bearings 
depends  solely  upon  an  oil  mist  created  by 
the  connecting  rods  dipping  into  the  oil  in 
troughs  located  in  the  crankcase. 
In  the  1923  engine  slotted  covers  are 
placed  over  these  splash  troughs.  These 
covers  materially  cut  down  the  amount  of 
oil  mist  created  and  limit  the  quantity  sup¬ 
plied  to  the  working  parts. 
Where  the  cylinders,  pistons,  piston  rings 
and  piston  pin  bearings  are  so  lubricated, 
the  lubricant  used  during  winter  must 
possess  special  characteristics. 
It  must  be  of  the  proper  fluidity  at  the 
low  temperatures  encountered  to  be  atom¬ 
ized  immediately  and  thoroughly  by  the 
dipping  action  of  the  connecting  rods.  At 
the  same  time,  its  character  should  be  such 
that  adequate  lubrication  is  provided  under 
all  operating  conditions. 
Unless  a  lubricating  oil  is  used  which 
meets  these  requirements,  insufficient  lu¬ 
brication  and  poor  distribution  with  result¬ 
ant  premature  wear  of  the  working  parts 
may  occur. 
Gargoyle  Mobiloil  Arctic  perfectly  meets 
these  requirements.  This  oil  is  of  such 
fluidity  as  to  readily  and  thoroughly  atom¬ 
ize  at  low  temperatures  and  is  of  such 
character  as  to  provide  highly  efficient 
engine  lubrication. 
At  the  same  time,  due  to  its  clean  burn¬ 
ing  character,  Gargoyle  Mobiloil  Arctic  will 
result  in  a  minimum  of  carbon  deposits  and 
carbon  troubles. 
OVERLAND 
The  Splash  Circulating  lubricating  system 
of  the  Overland  differs  radically  from  the 
conventional  type.  The  flywheel  is  used  as 
an  oil  pump.  Running  with  its  lower  edge 
continually  immersed  in  the  engine  oil,  it 
throws  the  lubricating  oil  by  centrifugal 
force  into  a  small  pocket  where  it  passes 
through  a  strainer.  From  this  the  oil  flows 
by  gravity  through  a  distributing  pipe  to 
the  three  main  bearings  to  troughs  located 
under  each  cylinder  bore  and  to  the  timing 
gears. 
The  splashing  action  of  the  flywheel  also 
circulates  the  oil  in  the  transmission  and 
clutch  assemblies  and  thus  provides  for 
their  lubrication. 
Due  to  the  immersion  of  the  flywheel  in 
the  oil,  sufficient  quantities  may  not  be 
supplied  to  the  engine  for  its  lubrication  if 
the  oil  is  congealed  or  of  heavy  body.  Ex¬ 
cessive  fluid  friction  drag  will  also  result. 
Then  too,  heavy-bodied  oils  cause  clutch 
slippage.  Oils  when  congealed  or  too  heavy¬ 
bodied  do  not  squeeze  out  from  between  the 
clutch  plates  as  readily  as  the  lighter 
bodied,  free-flowing  lubricants. 
The  lighter  bodied  lubricants,  front  a 
distribution  standpoint,  are  most  efficient 
in  this  engine.  Due,  however,  to  the  fact 
that  the  engine  oil  also  lubricates  the  trans¬ 
mission  unit,  the  lubricant  must  have  the 
character  necessary  for  a  proper  cushioning 
of  the  gear  teeth. 
In  winter  Gargoyle  Mobiloil  Arctic  is  of 
the  proper  fluidity  to  provide  immediate 
and  thorough  distribution  in  an  Overland 
engine.  It  protects  against  an  undue 
amount  of  fluid  friction  drag.  It  provides 
adequate  transmission  lubrication. 
IMPORTANT 
If  your  car  is  not  among  those 
discussed  here,  see  our  Chart  of  Rec¬ 
ommendations  for  the  correct  winter 
oil.  Leading  dealers  have  the  Chart, 
or  our  nearest  Branch  will  gladly  send 
you  a  copy. 
Address  our  nearest  branch: 
New  York 
(Main  Office) 
Philadelphia 
Indianapolis 
Milwaukee 
Buffalo 
Boston 
Detroit 
Minneapolis 
Des  Moines 
Rochester 
Chicago 
St.  Louis 
Pittsburgh 
Kansas  City,  Mo. 
Dallas 
Oklahoma  City 
VACUUM 
OIL 
COMPANY 
