Notes 
87 
25 From the context it is apparent that “ He ” does not refer to Coronado, who 
started for Cibola prior to the outbreak of the Mixton War (Winship, The Coronado 
Expedition, p. 408), but, most likely, to the “ said Cristóbal de Oñate,” mentioned in the 
next sentence. Evidently the confusion is due to an omission. 
26 Cristóbal de Oñate was lieutenant-governor of Nueva Galicia at the time of the 
Coronado expedition to Cibola. During the absence of Governor Coronado the defense 
of the province fell to him during the uprising known as the Mixton War (Bancroft, 
Mexico, II. 490 ff.) 
27 Don Alonso de Avalos was one of the first conquerors of Colima. As late as 1742 
the region conquered by him was known as “ the provinces of Avalos ”. Matías Ángel 
de la Mota Padilla, Historia de la Conquista de la Provincia de la Nueva-Galicia escrita 
. ... en 1742 (Mexico, 1870-1872), p. 69. 
28 Vasco de Puga, an oidor of the Audiencia of New Spain, compiled and published 
in the year 1563, by order of the king, his famous Provisiones, Cédulas, Instrucciones 
de su Magestad para la Administración y Governación de esta Nueva España . . . desde 
el año 1525 hasta . . . 1562. This contained such regulations as were then in force 
within the audiencia district of New Spain and was a forerunner of the later Recopila¬ 
ción de Leyes de los Reinos de las Indias. See Bancroft, Central America, I. 285-286. 
29 For a list of the viceroys and governments of New Spain, with date, see H. E. 
Bolton, Guide to Materials for the History of the United States in the Principal Archives 
of Mexico (Washington, 1913), pp. 469-470. 
30 Castañeda lists Don Tristán de Arellano as one of the captains of the Coronado 
expedition (“Relación de la Jornada de Cibola”, loe. cit., p. 420). When Coronado 
and the advance guard left Culiacán Don Tristán was left in command of the main army 
with instructions to follow (ibid., p. 423). See also ibid., pp. 443 and 445. 
31 This expedition commanded by De Luna in 1559 contained over 1500 persons. See 
Lowery, op. cit., pp. 358 ff., for details. 
32 On Dec. 8, 1526, Francisco de Montejo was named the first royal governor of Yuca¬ 
tán. In addition to being named governor and captain-general for life, he and his heirs 
were to have the perpetual titles and honors of alguacil mayor and adelantado. Montejo 
made his first permanent settlement in 1528, but, on account of Indian hostility, the 
province was not fully conquered until 1549 (Hackett, “ Delimitation of Political Juris¬ 
dictions in Spanish North America to 1535”, loc. cit., p. 58, and references cited). 
33 Don Guillén de las Casas was governor of Yucatán between the years 1577 and 1582 
or 1583. E. Ancona, Historia de Yucatán (Barcelona, 1889), II. 109-117. 
34 Evidently a corruption of “Tiguex”. The province of Tiguex, in the upper Rio 
Grande valley, contained in 1540 twelve pueblos. In this province Coronado and his 
army spent the winters of 1540-1541 and 1541-1542 (Winship, The Coronado Expe¬ 
dition, pp. 392-402). 
35 Dr. Francisco de Sandes, after having seen service in New Spain, was named 
governor of the Philippines in 1575. In 1580 he returned to Mexico, having been suc¬ 
ceeded as governor by Don Gonzalo Ronquillo. Upon his return to Mexico he became 
oidor of the Audiencia. In 1594 he went to preside over the Audiencia at Guatemala City. 
Two years later he was appointed president of the Audiencia of Granada (Cartas de 
Indias, pp. 840-841), where he was serving at the end of the century. (Moses, Spanish 
Dependencies, I. 301). 
36 On June 16, 1567, Dr. Luís Carillo, Alonso Muñoz, and one Jarava were appointed 
to go to New Spain to investigate the acts of the second Marqués del Valle. Jarava died 
en route. The other two commissioners entered upon the assigned duty in Nov., 1567. 
Because of the high-handed and despotic acts of the two they were very unpopular 
and were suspended from power in 1568. They returned to Spain on the same ship 
that carried the ex-viceroy, the Marqués de Falces (Cartas de Indias, pp. 734, 810-811). 
37 The king received as his share one-fifth of all mined metals. 
38 The Holy Office of the Inquisition. 
39 The city of Puebla de los Ángeles, about fifty miles southeast of Mexico City. 
40 Coronado was governor of Nueva Galicia and not of Jalisco. 
41 Bernal Diaz del Castillo was one of the most gallant and romantic of the early 
conquistadores. He was a member of the Córdoba expedition of 1517, that of Grijalva 
of 1518, and that of Cortés of 1519—the only person, so far as is known, who was in 
