5i 
blows which he deals with his sharp forehoofs. The animal is, 
however, susceptible of a considerable degree of domestication, 
the writer having recently seen one which had been broken 
to harness and trotted on the track. The gait of the animal 
is a long, swinging trot, and is very rapid. 
Numerous attempts have been made in the Garden to keep 
specimens of the Woodland Caribou ( Rangifer caribou ), but 
in all cases the unsuitable climate and the impossibility of pro¬ 
viding the proper food have proved speedily fatal. The ani¬ 
mal has an extremely northern range. There are two species, 
the one referred to reaching from Maine and New Brunswick 
westward to Lake Superior, and the Barren Land Caribou 
(Rangifer grcenlandicus ), far to the north in Greenland and 
Arctic America. They subsist for the most part on lichens, 
mosses, and small shoots and twigs of trees. 
This is the only member of the deer family in which the 
female as well as the male has antlers. The antlers are very 
irregular in development, and differ much in shape; the tip 
and also the brow antler are generally palmated to some ex¬ 
tent. 
The Caribou represents in the New World the reindeer of 
the Old, and by training might be made useful to the Esqui¬ 
maux as the latter is among the Lapps. 
The Mule Deer ( Census macroiis ) and the White-tailed 
Deer ( Cervus leucurus ) are both found on the plains of the 
United States, west of the Missouri river. The latter much 
resembles the common deer, of which it is probably but a va¬ 
riety, while the former is considerably larger, and differs in the 
shape of its horns. 
In the creek back of the Deer Park are usually a number of 
birds, some of which are placed in different buildings during 
the winter. 
The Summer or Wood Duck {Aix sponsd ), of North Amer¬ 
ica, and the beautiful Mandarin Duck {Aix galericulata)j 
of China, will be seen occupying one of the small enclosures. 
The Summer Duck differs from all the other true ducks of 
this country in its habit of living in trees,—its nest being 
commonly made in a hollow limb at a considerable distance 
from the ground. A group known as Tree Ducks, approach¬ 
ing somewhat to the geese, are found from Mexico to South 
America. The White-faced Tree Duck (. Dendrocygna vidu- 
ata) and the Red-Billed Tree Duck ( Dendrocygna autum- 
nalis) are members of this group. 
