THE INFINITIVE DENOTES NECESSITY. 
99 
The idiom occurs with so many different verbs in prose that it seems impos¬ 
sible to make helpful groups thereof. The verbs most frequently occurring 
in this construction are cy&an, 1 make known; ’ don, 1 do/ * make/ ‘ cause; ’ 
forlcetan , 1 leave/ 1 forsake;’ geliefan, ‘ believe; ’ ge'dencan, 1 think/ ‘ con¬ 
sider; ’ healdan, ‘ hold/ 1 consider; ’ manian, ‘ admonish 9 (which occurs about 
243 times, in Alfred); secgan, ‘ say/ 1 tell ; 9 smeagan, 1 consider;’ understandan , 
* understand; ’ witan , ‘ know ; 9 and wundrian, ‘ wonder.’ 
Typical examples are: — 
cyban, make known: 
Greg. 263.9: Baet is to cySanne be him swingellan ondraedab, bast hie etc. 
= 198.12: Dicendum namque est flagella timentibus. — lb. 287.3: Ongean baet 
is to cyftanne baem be beob to hrade, . . . baet etc. = 216.19: 0. — lb. 189.1: 
Suabeah is baem to cy&anne, baet etc. = 140.20: Quibus profecto intimandum est 
etc. — lb. 201.15: Dam hlafordum is eac to cytSanne baette hie etc. = 150.15: 
Domini admonendi sunt quia etc. — lb. 301.14: Baem eabmodum is to cySanne 
baette etc. = 228.6: Dicatur ergo humilibus, quia etc. 
don, do, make, cause: 
Bede 50.10 a : raeddon hwaet him to donne wcere, hwaer him waere fultum to 
secanne = 30.16: est consilium, quid agendum, ubi quaerendum esset praesidium. 
— Ib. 128.13: hwaet him selest to donne ware = 108.18 b : quid ageret (or 
with adjective?).-— Ib. 68.7: bonne is hit of lufan to donne = 50.7: agendum 
est. 
Chron. 215 4 , 1083 E a : nj^ston hwet heom to donne ware. 
Laws 368, II Cnut, c. 84 a : smeage swybe georne, hwaet him sig to donne 7 
hwaet to forganne. 
Bl. Horn. 199.30: beahsodan, hwaet him baes to donne ware. 
JElf. Horn. I. 314 b 2 : hwaet is us to donne? 
Wulf. 173.4: ah hi dydon, swa heom to donne was. 
Lace. 62.21: bas bing sint to donne. 
forlaetan, leave, forsake: 
Bede 70.12: seo aeftere cneoris . . . alle gemete is to forbeorenne 7 to 
forlatenne = 51.3: secunda . . . a se omni modo debet abstinere. — Ib. 292.14: 
wundor . . ., be us nis to forlatenne = 224.20: Sane nullatenus praetereundum 
arbitror miraculum. 
Warf. 23.18: ne wene ic no, baet me sy an baera spella to forlatanne = 164 
B 2 : Sed unum dicam, quod ab eo narratum pratereundum nullo modo aestimo. 
— Ib. 109.18: baet nis na mid swigunge to forlatanne = B. 140 A 1 : quod silentio 
pratereundum non est. 
Pr. Gu. XIX. 1 : Swylce nys eac mid idelnysse to forlatanne baet wundor 
= Non me . . . praesagium narrarre piget. 
Wulf. 51.20: hwaet him to donne sy and hwaet to forlatanne. 
Lace. 5.28: Laecedomas on hwilce tid blod sie to forganne, on hwilce to 
■forlatenne. 
geliefan [-y-], believe: 
Bede 224.22: baes sebel ware ece to gelyfenne in heofonum = 172.6: cujus 
sedes aeterna ... in caelis esset credenda. — Ib. 372.27: Is baet to gelyfenne, 
baette etc. = 275.16: ut credibile est. — Ib. 228.23: to gelyfanne is baet etc. 
= 174.9: credendum est quia etc. 
Chron. 158 b , 1036 C: Nu is to gelyfenne to ban leofan Gode. 
