260 THE INFINITIVE IN THE OTHER GERMANIC LANGUAGES. 
‘ cause; ' waurkjan, ‘ make/ 1 cause; ' naupjan, ‘ compel; ' baidjan, 1 compel;' 
afhugjan, 1 bewitch/ ‘ entice;' gahvotjan , ‘ threaten; ' and ga-arman, passive, 
in the sense of ‘ be worthy/ However, for reasons given above, concerning 
wairps, I should exclude the verb last named; and the factitives ( taujan , gatau- 
jan, and waurkjan) I should likewise exclude, as they occur almost exclusively 
in the accusative-with-infinitive construction, already treated. I quote a few 
illustrations of the infinitive with the remaining verbs: L. 14.23: jah naupei 
innatgaggan = nal dvdyKaa-ov dcreXOeiv ) Gal. 6.12: pai naupjand izwis bimaitan = 
ovtol avayKaCovcriv vfxds 7repiTe/j.vecr6aL ;— Gal. 2.14: hvaiwa piudos baideis judai- 
wiskon 2 = rt ra ZOvrj dvayKd£a<s lovdd&iv ? Gal. 3.1: hvas izwis afhugida sunjai ni 
ufhausjan? = tis vpas i/SdcrKave rfj aXrjOeLa pr] TretOccrOai ? — Skeir. I, C: diabulau 
pairh liugn gahvotjandin ufargaggan anabusn. In all the foregoing examples, 
it will be observed, the Gothic uses the simple infinitive, which corresponds 
to the same construction in Greek. 
Very rarely does Ulfilas translate the Greek consecutive infinitive preceded 
by wore by a consecutive infinitive in Gothic; he usually renders it by a finite 
verb. Examples of the infinitive are: II Cor. 2.7: swaei pata andaneipo izwis 
mais fragiban jah gaplaihan = wcrre rovva vtlov pdXXov vpds xapicraa-Oa.L kcu TrapaKaXe- 
crai; Mat. 8.24: swaswe pata skip gahulip wairpan = oWe to -n-Xolov KoXviTTca-Oat} 
It is agreed on all hands 2 that the infinitive in Gothic here is due to Greek 
influence. 
Of the consecutive infinitive with verbs in the Scandinavian languages, 
Professor Nygaard, l. c., p. 229, speaks as follows: “ Infinitiv bruges efter sva 
at for at betegne fplgen af det udsagtes maade eller grad, naar subjektet for 
infinitivens handling er det samme som for hovedudsagnet, og handlingen 
udsiges som en forestilling, ikke som noget virkelig stedfindende. ,, I quote 
only one or two of the examples given by Nygaard: S. E. 30.8: ef hann kvsemi 
sva i foeri at sla hann it pribja hpgg; — S. E. 26.21: spurbi hverr annan, hverr 
pvi hefbi rabit at spilla loptinu ok himninum sva at taka paban sol ok tungl. 
In Old High German the following verbs are followed by an infinitive that 
may be considered consecutive: spanan, ‘persuade;' ganuhtsamon, ‘suffice;' 
noten , ‘ compel;' ginoten, ‘ compel;' beiten, ‘ compel;' cruazzit, ‘ provokes;' 
manon , ‘admonish;' irfaran, ‘reach.' Typical examples are: (1) uninflected: 
B. R. 102: spanames kihaltan = suademus custodire; 3 ib. 34.4: die kenuhtsamont 
fehtan - qui sufficiunt pugnare; 4 Denkm. liv. 21: daz er za sonatage ni uuerde 
canaotit vadja urgepan = ne ante tribunal Christi cogatur rationem exsolvere; 5 
Tatian 233.22: beiti ingangen = compelle intrare; 6 — Otfrid IV, 13.53: ther thir 
so irfare, gisunten uns thir derien = ‘ der dich so erreicht, dass er dir schaden 
konnte, so lange wir wohlbehalten sind.' On this passage from Otfrid, O. Erd¬ 
mann, 1 1. c., p. 204, comments: “ Freier schliesst sich der Inf. einmal in consecu- 
tivem Sinne an ein mit demonstrativem so verbundenes Verbum an; er gibt die 
Tatigkeit an, zu welcher in dem mit so angezeigten Zustande die Bereitschaft 
und Fahigkeit vorhanden ist." He adds: “ Auf ahnliche Weise denke ich mir 
an das stark betonte thu angeschlossen den scheinbar absoluten Infinitiv, III, 
1 From Apelt, 1 L c., p. 290. 
2 See Gabelentz and Loebe, l. c., p. 273; Apelt, 1 l. c., p. 290; Streitberg, 2 l. c., p. 205; Wilmanna, l. c., 
p. 119. — Since the above sentence was written, Professor G. O. Curme, 2 l. c.,pp. 359ff., has published what seems 
to me an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow this theory of Greek influence. 
3 From Denecke, l. c., p. 20. 4 Ibidem, p. 21. 5 Ibidem, p. 34. 9 Ibidem, p. 35. 
