Fam. Sphingidae. 
Auct. H. Wagner. 
Sphingidae Sam., Ent. Comp. p. 243 (1819). — Westw., Brit. 
Moths 1, p. 5 (1843). — Walk., List Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. 8, 
p. 76 (1856); id., ibid. 31, p. 26 (1864); id., ibid. 35, p. 1849 
(1866). — Butl., Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 9, p. 511 (1877). — 
Fernald, Sphing. New Engl. 86 pp., 6 taf. (1886). — Smith, Trans. 
Am er. Ent. Soc. 15, p. 49 (1888). — Hamps. in Blanf., Fauna 
Brit. Ind., Moths 1, p. 65 (1892). — Comstock, Study Insects, 
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—- Holland, Moth-Book p. 41 (1903). — Tutt, Brit. Lep. 3, 4 
(1903—04). — Nagano in Nawa, Icon. Jap. Ins. 1, Lep. Sphing. 
(Gifu) (1904). — Jord. in Seitz, Groß-Schmett. d. Erde, Fauna 
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Sphinges Scopoli, Intr. Hist. Nat. p. 413 (1777) (part.) 
Sphingiadae Harris in Sillim., Journ. Sei. & Art 36, p. 290 (1839). 
Sphingidae -f- Orthidae Swains. & Shuck., Hist. Nat. Arrang. 
Ins. p. 101 (1840). 
Sphingidae -f- Sesiidae Steph., Illustr. Brit. Ent., Haust. 1, 
p. 104 (1828). 
Sphingides Latr., Hist. Crust. Ins. 14, p. 126 (1805) (part.). — 
Leach in Brewst., Edinb. Encycl. 9, p. 130 (1815). — Boisd., 
Spec. Gen. Lep. Het. 1, p. 1 u. f. (1875). 
Sphingidi Boisd., Ind. Meth. p. 32 (1829). 
Sphingina Swint., Naturalist 7, p. 45 (1882). — Plötz, Syst. d. 
Schmett., in: Mitt. naturw. Ver. Neuvorp. u. Rüg. 17, p. 10(1886). 
Allg. Biologie, Anatomie, Phylogenie, etc.: Baltzer, Arch. 
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Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) 3, p. 123 (1873). — Weissm., Stud. z. Descend. 
Theorie 2, p. XXII u. 336 (1876). — Breitenb., Jen. Zeitschr. 
Nat. 15, p. 151—214, t. 4—6 (1881). — Cattie, Zeitschr. wiss. 
Zool. 35, p. 304—20. t. 12 (1881). — Poult., Trans. Ent. Soc. 
Lond. p. 281—329, t. 7 (1885). — Düsing, Kosmos 19, p. 382 
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id., Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. 40, p. 135 (1886); id., Trans. Ent. 
Soc. Lond. p. 281, t. 10 (1887). — Buckler, Lary. Brit. Moths 
2, p. I—XI, 1—172, t. 18 — 35 (1887). — Beutenmüll., Bull. Am. 
Mus. N. H. 8, p. 291 (1896). — Holmgr., Svenska Ak. Handl. 
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