JOSEPH BRECK & SONS 
(Corporation) 
53 
Timothy, or Herd’s Grass 
Cover and Soiling Crops for Orchards 
One of the most important points in successful orchard¬ 
ing is the intelligent use of proper cover crops, and the 
orchardists of New England are giving this particular sub¬ 
ject more and more careful attention, as the proper use 
of such crops conserve the nitrates in the soil after the 
growth of fruit trees is stopped, which would otherwise 
be washed away by the heavy fall or winter rains. They 
also help to break up, during time of their growth, the 
old sod, and later in the season when plowed under, fur¬ 
nish humus for the soil. 
We can recommend the following cereals and legumes 
as the best suited for cover crops under New England 
climatic conditions: 
Winter Rye. Sow at the rate of 1% to 2 bushels per acre; 
this can be sown from the middle of August up to the 
time the ground freezes late in the fall. 
Japanese Buckwheat. Sow at the rate of 1 to 1% bushels 
per acre. Especially valuable where it can be sown 
early in spring on newly plowed sod land, as it is very 
effective in rotting down the old sod and at the same 
time enriching the soil. 
Yellow Soya Beans. \Vz to 2 bushels per acre. These do 
best if sown in drills about the middle of June and 
cultivated several times to promote vigorous growth. 
Winter Vetch (Vicia villosa). If sown alone, use 1 bushel 
to the acre broadcast. In this latitude it should be sown 
, before September 15th, so that it may be well rooted 
and established before cold weather. One of the best 
to cover and protect the ground during the winter. 
Crimson Clover. Sow at the rate of 15 to 20 lbs. per acre 
the last of June or first of July, and plow under early 
the following spring. 
AGRICULTURAL GRASSES 
(Prices quoted are subject to market changes, net 
f. o. b. Boston, bags extra). 
The following list of Agricultural Grasses includes the 
varieties used most extensively in permanent pasture and 
other grass mixtures. 
We make a specialty of mixtures for permament pas¬ 
ture and mowing lands, to which we would call attention. 
Directly following these descriptions is a set of tables 
giving complete information about our special mixtures. 
Awnless, or Smooth Brome Grass (Bromus inermis). An 
erect-growing perennial that attains a height of from 
three to five feet. It is especially recommended for dry 
and arid soils where the more delicate grasses will not 
grow. Weight, 12 lbs. per bushel. 15c lb.; $12.00 100 
lbs. 
Creeping Bent or Firoin (Agrostis Stolonifera). The dis¬ 
tinctive feature of this species is, as the name implies, 
its compact, creeping, rooting stems. It prefers low 
bottom-lands, especially if they are somewhat sandy. 
It is rapid of growth and spreading habit, and the 
stoloniferous roots form a strong enduring turf, that 
is positively improved by constant trampling. Being of 
fine texture, it is one of the most valuable of our lawn 
grasses. Weight, 15 lbs. per bushel. 50c lb.; $48.00 
100 lbs. 
TIMOTHY 
Timothy (Herd’s Grass or Catstail) (Phleum Pratense). 
Perennial. Roots are fibrous in moist soils, but in dry 
soils often become bulbous; blooms in June and July. 
While this grass is commonly known as Timothy, it is 
frequently called Herd’s Grass, as this is the name un¬ 
der which it was originally cultivated. It is the most 
valuable grass for hay, especially in the North, thriving 
best on moist, loamy soils of medium tenacity. Grows 
very readily and yields, on favorable soils, three or four 
tons of best quality hay per acre. Should be cut just 
when the blossom falls. Weight, 45 lbs. per bushel. 
12c lb.; $5.00 per bu., subject to market changes. 
BroimiK InermiH 
