XIIL 
GLOSSARY. 
Panicle! a flower cluster with a central stem 
and several flowering branchlets. The 
lower branchlets are often longer than 
those above, the form of the cluster in 
that case being on the whole conical or 
blunt spire-like. 
Pedicel: a stalklet carrying a single flower. 
Peduncle: a stalk carrying a group of flowers, 
or a single flower that fills the place of a 
group. 
Peltate: having the footstalk attached at the 
back of the leaf blade like the handle of 
an ancient soldier’s shield. 
Perfoliate: having the leaf blade united round 
the stem on which it grows. 
Perianth: those parts of a flower that surround 
the stamens and pistil, or either of them 
separately, usually consisting of two 
whorls, the calyx without and the corolla 
within. 
Petals: the leaves that form the corolla of a 
flower, and are in very many cases 
brightly coloured. 
Petiole : the footstalk of a leaf. 
Pilose : hairy, the hairs being soft and distinct. 
Pistil: the female part of a flower, including 
the ovary, the style, and the stigma. 
Plant : any vegetable organism from the tiniest 
fungus to the largest forest tree. 
Pollen: the fertilizing cells or grains contained 
in the anthers. 
Raceme: a flower cluster consisting of a slen¬ 
der unbranched rod furnished all round 
with stalked flowers, the youngest being 
nearest the tip. (See Spike.) 
Rachis: the axis or central stemlet of a com¬ 
pound leaf or of a flower cluster. 
Reniform : kidney-shaped. The term is ap¬ 
plied to anthers when the two thecae 
diverge. 
Seed: the fertilized and reproductive contents 
of any (phanerogamic) seed-vessel. 
Sepals: the modified leaves forming the outer 
whorl or ring of the perianth. 
Serrate: with sharp teeth at the edge like 
those of a saw. 
Serrulate: with very fine sharp teeth at the 
edge. 
Sessile: attached without a footstalk or stalk- 
let, as a stalkless leaf to a twig or a 
stalkless flower to a peduncle. 
Species: a group of plants that are apparently 
very closely related and may be re¬ 
garded as derived from one parent stock. 
Such a group is stable, but not immu¬ 
table. Climatic conditions and hybridism 
may oj)erate to modify it. Nurserymen 
and foresters must therefore persistently 
select for propagation the individual 
specimens that are most vigorous and 
best adapted to the purposes for which 
the plants or trees are to be cultivated. 
Spike: a flower cluster consisting of a slender 
unbranched rod furnished all round with 
sessile or stalkless flowers, the youngest 
being nearest the tip. (See Raceme.) 
Stamens : the pollen-producing organs of a 
flower, each usually consisting of a slen¬ 
der stalk or filament and a head or anther 
which contains the pollen sacs. (See 
Filaments.) 
Stellate : arranged in star-like clusters. 
Stigma: that organ at the summit of the style 
which receives the pollen grains. 
Stomata: respiration pores, of which there are 
countless numbers in the leaves of plants. 
(Singular stoma.) 
Style : the little stem or shaft connecting the 
stigma with the ovary. It is pervious 
to the fertilizing pollen cells. 
Terete: cylindrical and smooth. 
Tissue: any one of the forms in which cells 
are shaped and grouped in the structure 
of a plant. If the cells rarely have 
length greater than breadth and depth, 
if they are thin-walled, and if they are 
rich in protoplasm, the tissue is called 
parenchyma. If the cells are long and 
fibre-like or spindle-shaped, with pointed 
and interlocking ends, thick-walled, and 
less rich in protoplasm, the tissue is called 
prosenchyma. Out of these two forms 
of tissue, subject to endless resource of 
modification, the Creative Power builds 
the trees of the forest as well as the 
herbage of the field. The student who 
would enter deeply into this realm of 
truth must obtain a good textbook on 
botany or attend lectures at the Univer¬ 
sity. 
