Ill the Aquarium, in Kapiolani park, adjoin¬ 
ing the public baths, there is a wonderful exhibit 
of marine life, from the unprepossessing squid to 
specimens that look like finned rainbows or ocean 
butterflies. Along the coast of the Island of Oahu, 
within easy reach of Honolulu, are many delight¬ 
ful spots where rod and reel may be used to acl- 
vantage. Fishing on the reefs, by torchlight, is 
great sport among Hawaiians. 
THE HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE 
There are but twelve letters in the Hawaiian 
language—a, e, i, o, u, li, k, 1, m, n, p, and w. 
The vowels are given their values as in Spanish, 
and are always pronounced, not slurred. Every 
vowel ends a syllable; no syllable ends in a conso¬ 
nant. 
English is the official language and is the first 
consideration in the public schools. The stranger 
in Hawaii needs to know none but the English 
tongue. However, he finds it interesting to learn 
a few words of Hawaiian; indeed he is not in the 
Islands long before he becomes aware of the 
fact that certain words of Hawaiian are in gen¬ 
eral use. 
Of Hawaiian words universally used throughout 
the Territory, “mauka” and “makai” are two of 
the most common, being terms of direction. 
“Mauka” means “toward the mountains/’ and 
“makai” means “toward the sea.” Since central 
mountain masses mark all the islands, it will be 
readily understood how conveniently these terms 
apply. 
“Aloha” is an exceedingly comprehensive word 
and is heard all over the world. It is a nreethm 
o o 
or a farewell, or it conveys the idea of good will, 
friendship or deep affection, all according to the 
occasion of its use and the emphasis and inflection 
given. It is usually the first Hawaiian word the 
visitor hears when he reaches the Islands, and the 
last as he departs. 
“Kamaaina” and “malihini” are frequently 
heard in English conversation, the former being 
equivalent to “old-timer,” while the latter means 
'newcomer" or stranger. 
A wreath of flowers is a “lei.” Lei-sellers are 
always on hand at the arrival or departure of 
steamships, ready to supply friends of passen¬ 
gers with wreaths to hang about the necks of 
those coming or going. 
“Pan” (ordinarily pronounced “pow”) is an 
expressive word. It signifies you are through 
with whatever you have been doing; or you wish 
to say you have had enough. It may be used in 
the sense of a request or command to cease. A 
discharged employe is “pm.” One who has passed 
away is “pan.” 
“Ha man ke ea o ka aina i ka pono” is the 
motto of the Islands, appearing on the Hawaiian 
coat of arms—“The life of the land is perpetu¬ 
ated in righteousness.” 
Other words of the native language in common 
use are: 
Ae—Yes. 
Akamai—Clever. 
Aole—No. 
Hale—House. 
Hana—To work. 
Haole—Foreigner or 
white man. 
Hapai—Lift up. 
Heiau—Ancient temple. 
Hele—Walk, go. 
Holoku—Gown. 
Hoomalimali—Flattery. 
Huhu—Angry. 
Hula—Dance. 
Kaa—Car. 
Kahuna—Charm doctor. 
Kane—Man. 
Keiki—Child. 
Ko—Sugar. 
Kokua—Help. 
Kulikuli—Be quiet. 
La—Sun. 
Lanai—Porch. 
Likepu—The same. 
Mahope—By and by. 
Maikai—Good. 
Pali—Cliff. 
Pehea—How goes it? 
Pehea oe—How are you? 
Pilikia—Trouble. 
Poi—Native dish (taro). 
Wahine—Woman. 
Wai—Water. 
Wikiwiki—Hurry up. 
LEADING ENGLISH PERIODICALS IN 
HAWAII TERRITORY. 
Two English daily newspapers are published in Hono¬ 
lulu. The Honolulu Advertiser is issued every morn¬ 
ing. The Honolulu Star-Bulletin appears every after¬ 
noon except Sunday. 
In Hawaii Island, two dailies (six issues a week) 
are printed. They are the Hilo Daily Tribune and the 
Hawaii Post-Herald. 
In Wailuku, Maui Island, a semi-weekly and a weekly 
are published, namely, the Maui News and the Wailuku 
Times. 
The Garden Island, a weekly published at Lihue, is 
the newspaper of Kauai Island. 
The Mid-Pacific Magazine and the Paradise of the 
Pacific are illustrated monthly magazines. The former 
is the official organ of the Pan-Pacific Union. The 
Friend, also a monthly, largely devoted to matters of 
religious welfare, enjoys the distinction of being “the 
oldest newspaper west of the Rockies.” It appeared 
first in 1842. 
The long recognized reference book of general infor¬ 
mation and statistics concerning Hawaii is Thomas G. 
Thrum’s Hawaiian Almanac and Annual, issued regu¬ 
larly since 1875. 
The Hawaiian Historical Society issues occasional 
papers and publishes annual reports. 
Memoirs of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum from 
time to time contribute valuable and authoritative addi¬ 
tions to Hawaiiana. 
A bulletin is issued every week by the Hawaiian Vol¬ 
cano Research Association. 
Bulletins and annual reports have been published by 
the Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station at Hono¬ 
lulu since 1900. 
The Hawaiian Forester and Agriculturist is issued 
monthly under the direction of the territorial board of 
commissioners of agriculture and forestry, which also 
publishes various bulletins and reports. 
The Planters’ Monthly and other publications are is¬ 
sued under the direction of the Hawaiian Sugar Plant¬ 
ers’ Association Experiment Station. The monthly 
magazine dates from 1895. 
The territorial department of public instruction pub¬ 
lishes a monthly (except July and August), entitled 
Hawaii Educational Review. 
There are many other periodical publications in the 
English language, most of which are published in the 
capital city—trade, religious, club, technical, financial, 
military, naval, school, fraternal, marine, labor, and 
association publications. 
In Honolulu there are four Japanese dailies, two 
Chinese dailies, besides numerous different weekly and 
semi-weekly Hawaiian, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese, 
Korean, and Filipino papers. In Hilo there is a Japa¬ 
nese daily, and other publications in Hawaiian, Japa¬ 
nese and Portuguese. 
