Spring Flora of Oklahoma 
CLASS 1. Monocotyledoaious Plants. 
Stems with the woody fiber and vessels in bundles or 
threads, which are irregularly imbedded in pithy tissue. 
Leaves mostly parallel-yeined and sheathing at the 
base, alternate, nearly always entire. Parts of the flow¬ 
ers commonly in 3’s. Embryo with one cotyledon. 
FAMILY 1. ARACEiE. Arum Family. 
Herbs with long-petioled, simple or compound leaves, 
rising from a corm or tuberous root; sap acrid or pun¬ 
gent. Flowers crowded on a spadix which is usually sur¬ 
rounded by a spathe. Perianth wanting, or of 4-6 scale¬ 
like segments. Fruit usually a berry. 
ARISiEMA Martins. 
Perennial herbs, springing from a corm or a tuberous 
rootstock. Leaves deeply divided, rising on long petioles, 
and sheathing the base of the simple scape. Spathe rolled 
up at base. Summit of spadix naked, the lower part 
flower-bearing; staminate flowers above, pistillate ones 
below. Stigma flat; ovary 1-celled; berry l-few.-seeded. 
Spathe hooded, open at the throat, enclosing the spa¬ 
dix. 1. A. triphyllum. 
Spathe convolute; summit of the spadix exserted. 
2. A. Dracontium. 
1. Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Torr. Jack-in-the-pulpit. Indian 
Tuknip. Leaves 3-foliate with elliptical-ovate, /pointed segments. 
Spathe green with purple stripes, broad and overhanging at the 
summit. Corm turnip-like, % but much wrinkled, very starchy, and 
filled with intensely burning juice. 
In moist woods. Oklahoma and Cleveland counties. May-July. 
2. Arisaema Dracontium (L.) Schott. Green Dragon. Dragon- 
root. Leaf usually single, divided into 5-17 rather narrow-pointed 
