GARDEN without Roses would be sadly deficient, and, even were we to omit the Hybrid 
Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals which we grow just for Roses, that we may cut with a lavish 
hand their beautiful, fragrant blooms for our home decoration, there would still remain 
that other class of Roses so rapidly increasing in popularity and so rich in the abundance 
of new varieties being constantly introduced, so useful in all landscape work, from the 
smallest garden with its simple shrubbery border to the most comprehensive scheme of 
the largest estate, that they are absolutely indispensable. 
The Rugosas, with their beautiful, leathery foliage, their strong, vigorous growth and 
their perpetual-blooming qualities, give a rich color to the shrubbery border throughout the summer, after 
the grand spring display is over; their large, persistent, scarlet hips carrying the color scheme well into the 
winter, aided by the Sweetbriers as a background. These grow to a height of from 10 to 12 feet and, aside 
from their usefulness in the border, they may be planted in great masses in wild, rocky places where they 
will take care of themselves and produce a beautiful effect. 
The trailing Wichuraiana hybrids, with their slender branches, 20 to 30 feet in length, covered with 
almost evergreen, glossy foliage, and with a mass of blooms in almost every shade known among Roses, 
may be used most effectively for completely covering sloping banks, terraces or rocky places. They may also 
be used staked as pillar Roses, or to cover pergolas and verandas. 
The stiff-growing, upright Ramblers or Polyantha Roses may be used for covering old walls, fences, 
pergolas or any unsightly spot, where they may be allowed to grow wild at will. 
All these classes, with a few exceptions, are perfectly hardy in all parts of the country. 
The Hybrid Perpetuals are hardy, but only a few are really perpetual, most of them blooming in great 
profusion in June with but an occasional bloom the rest of the season, while the Teas, which bloom contin¬ 
ually, are too tender for northern latitudes. Consequently, they are being almost entirely supplanted by 
the new Hybrid Teas, which combine the everblooming habit of the one with the large size and fragrance 
of the other. They are hardy enough to be grown almost anywhere with moderate protection. Wonderful 
advances have been made in this class, and many varieties of the highest merit are introduced each year. 
In making a selection, I have been guided by my own observations in our trial-grounds and by the 
advice of some of the best-informed rosarians. I believe it would be very difficult to improve on the list 
of varieties here offered, containing, as it does, the cream of the standard varieties and the very best of the 
newest introductions, having in view their merits for outside planting, as many of the best known Roses 
are suitable only for greenhouse forcing. 
Culture. —The Rugosas, Briers and Climbers are hardy, rank growers, and will thrive anywhere, but 
the Ffybrid Teas should be planted by themselves, 18 inches apart, in an open, sunny position, away from 
the roots of large trees or shrubs. They do best in a heavy clay loam, enriched with well-rotted cow manure. 
They should be severely pruned in the spring, cutting back all but the strongest shoots to within 10 to 12 
inches of the ground, thinning out the oldest wood each season. 
Winter Protection. —South of Philadelphia but little protection is needed. In the middle states all 
that is necessary is to hill earth or foliage high about the base of the plants, and after the ground is per¬ 
manently frozen, give them a good mulch of coarse straw or litter, increasing this in depth farther north. 
In very cold sections, the branches may be bent to the ground and entirely covered with earth or ashes, or 
the plants may be lifted and heeled-in in a trench, to be replanted in the spring. Heavy covering should be 
gradually removed as the weather becomes mild, to prevent the plants from starting growth prematurely. 
They may be kept free from insect pests and fungous diseases by spraying at frequent intervals 
throughout the season with bordeaux-arsenate of lead mixture, at the rate of eight ounces to five gallons of 
water, applied with any sprayer or with a whisk-broom to the under side of the leaves. 
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