Innisfalien Greenhouses, Springfield, Ohio. 
into a larger one at any time. Yon can tell it it needs shifting by turning the plant 
and ball out in your hand. If the earth is full of roots, matted and protruding 
against the sides of the pot, it can be re-potted at once. To do this, set the ball in 
the middle of the new pot, taking care to place it no deeper than it was before, then 
fill in fine earth all around and pack it well to the bottom. 
Insects. These are the bughears which prevent many from cultivating the 
Queen of Flowers, but they offer little discouragement to loyal subjects. It is only 
the careless and indolent that suffer greatly from these pests. If proper attention 
is paid to the soil, planting, watering, &c., and a few simple directions heeded, you 
will rarely be greatly troubled. (See page 3 for Jurther information on this sub¬ 
ject.) 
Why Roses may Vary in Color and sometimes come 
Single and Imperfect when Planted, in describing Eoses, i try to 
give the prevailing color ot the perfect flower. Buds are sometimes very different in 
color from the same flower when fully open, and first blooms are frequently single 
and imperfect in form, as well as deficient in color and fragrance, because the roots 
are not sufficiently established to furnish the full amount of nourishment required. 
The same effects are also produced by other causes, as, for instance, poor ground, 
shade and Insufficient light, too much or too little moisture, too close proximity to 
buildings or larger and stronger plants, trees, vines, etc. In fact, anything which 
interferes with the growth of the plant or Impairs its vitality, will lessen the beauty 
and color of the flower. Give yo\ir Roses opportunity to grow strong, and they will 
not disappoint you in color or fullness of bloom and fragrance. 
WINTER PROTECTION. 
Where the mercury drops pretty low, our Roses must be well protected. Differ¬ 
ent persons use different methods, and often with equal success. We can tell you 
what not to do. Don’t cover closely with leaves or loose strawy material that will 
hold moisture about the plants, or furnish a sheltered haunt lor field mice. Any 
protection that will allow a speedy drying off, and free access of air, while prevent¬ 
ing the direct action of freezing and thawing, is excellent. It is well to clip out the 
latest soft growth, strip off the leaves, bend the branches down, and cover with 
loose earth to the depth of three or four inches, using a lew boards or boughs above 
as a light weight. Don’t remove the covering until the ground Is pretty well thawed 
out. 
Do not fall to consult the Home Florist in all matters pertaining to the 
cnltlyatlon of Boses. The new method of planting fonnd on page 120 Is worth 
the price of the work to any planting the tender Boses where they are not 
entirely hardy. There are also many other ralnable articles as to how to 
handle Boses so that yon may hare buds in the Winter. 
When to Plant. In the Spring 
Roses should not be planted in open 
ground until danger from freezing is past. 
Many people prefer to get their plants 
early, and grow in pots or boxes indoors 
till the season is favorable for setting out. 
Howto Plant- Whentheground 
is thoroughly prepared, wet the roots of 
the Roses so that the earth will adhere to 
them. Make holes of suitable size, put 
in the plant slightly deeper than It has 
grown, spread out the roots In their 
natural position, cover with fine soil, 
and pack down tightly with the hand. 
An important point in the setting out of 
any plant, but especially of a Rose, is 
having the soil firmly fixed about it. 
Never leave it loose in the ground to be 
blown about by the wind. 
Water. If the ground is dry when 
planted water thoroughly, so as to soak 
the earth down to the roots of the plants. 
After this not much water is required unless the weather is very dry. Plants will 
not thrive if kept too wet. 
Cultivation. After the plants are established they need but little cultiva¬ 
tion, except that the ground should not be allowed to bake or become hard, but 
should be frequently cultivated with hoe and rake, or other implements, so as to 
keep it light and friable, as well as clear from weeds and grass. Roses of the 
Ever-blooming class will begin to bloom almost as soon as they commence to grow, 
and as the plant gains in strength and size, the flowers will increase in strength 
and beauty. At the approach of Winter, it is a good plan to give the bed a cover¬ 
ing of coarse manure, forest leaves, partly decomposed sods, road scrapings, or 
any similar material that is convenient. This serves as as a slight protection, and 
induces a strong early growth the following season. 
Pruning. The Ever-blooming Roses do not require much pruning in the 
Summer except what may be necessary to keep the plants in reasonable shape 
and limit. In the Spring it is best to cut back at least one-half of the last season’s 
growth, and cut off all the dead shoots down to the live. A Rose may be Winter- 
killed, quite to the ground, but If the root is not injured, it will put forth new 
growth and bloom as well as before. 
The Hybrid and Perpetual Moss Roses bloom best 
on Strong new wood. They should therefore be cut back severely in the 
Spring before growth has commenced, and slightly shortened in after the season of 
first bloom. As these Roses will gradually attain considerable size, the pruning 
should be done with a view to the shapely appearance of the plant. 
GENERAL COLLECTION OF ROSES, 
EMBRACING NOVELTIES, SPECIALTIES AND STANDARD VARIETIES. 
T ea roses are celebrated the world over for their delicious fragrance and the 
exquisite forms and rich, charming tints of their flowers, and may well be 
taken as a synonym for all that Is beautiful. What refinement of color, 
what subdued yet powerful fragrance do they possess 1 They may justly be 
called the sweetest of all Roses. The flowers, many of them, are large and delicate 
in their shades of color, such as white, straw, salmon, and various tints of rose 
combined with them. While, as a rule, they are inferior to the Hybrid Perpetuals 
in brilliancy of color, and fullness of flower, the distinctions between varieties are 
very marked, and for bouquets and cut flowers they excel all other flowers. Like 
other tender Roses, their flowers improve in quality as the season advances, and 
reach perfection in the Autumn. In judging the merits of a Tea Rose, we do not 
consider the fullness of flower a requisite. A Hybrid Perpetual Is nothing If not at 
least moderately double, but many of our most valued Teas have but very few petals, 
and are comparatively single. All these have exquisitely formed buds, and are. 
