90 
LABORATORY EXERCISES 
V. Note the call-notes of the early arrivals. What changes in 
these calls occur later in the season? At what time of day does this 
bird sing the most? How many call-notes does it have? Do its 
call-notes seem to indicate anything regarding its mental 
state ”? Explain your answer. 
V 
COMMON TREES OF THE VICINITY 
Observe closely during the fall or spring months as many of the 
following trees as you find in your community, and others which 
you wish to add to the hst. Note especially the type of branching; 
the characteristics of the bark, such as its color and its smoothness 
or roughness of surface; the nature and size of the buds; the 
arrangement, the form, and the character of the leaves; the time 
of the appearance or of the falling of the leaves; the nature of the 
flowers and of the fruits. Discover through observation and 
reading the uses and relative values of these trees. Learn which 
were introduced and which are native. (Gray’s New Manual of 
Botany will be helpful in this work.) Make a chart on which to 
record your observations in a tabulated form. 
Suggested list of trees: 
Red, silver (sgft), sugar (hard), and Norway maples 
White and black oaks 
Red and canoe birches 
White (American) and red (slippery) elms 
Sycamore 
Catalpa 
Tulip tree 
‘‘‘ Carolina ” poplar 
Linden 
Horse-chestnut 
White ash 
Redbud 
Hickory 
Walnut 
